Objective: To understand the changes of smoking behavior among primary and middle school students in Beijing during 2005-2015. Methods: The primary and middle schools in Beijing were classified and then taken as a sampling frame. Twophase stratified random cluster sampling was conducted with school as primary sampling unit (PSU) and class as the minimum sampling unit, respectively. Beijing Schoolbased Smoking Monitoring Questionnaire was surveyed in 2005 and 2005, 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2015 anonymously. Results: In 2015, the smoking rate among primary and middle school students in Beijing was 9.41%. Among them, for primary, junior, high school and vocational high school students, the rates were 7.05%, 7.06%, 12.41% and 34.11%, respectively. The smoking rates were now 3.26%, with 1.99%, 1.80%, 3.48% and 20.22%, respectively, among primary, middle and high school and vocational high school students. male, vocational school students were more likely to report smoking across six waves of surveillance. Results from the surveillance in 2015 showed a decreasing trend in ever smoking rate and current smoking rate compared with previous survey. About half of the current student smokers were reported to take 1 cigarette/day, and about 10% smokers were reported to take 10 cigarettes/day. Students were most likely to smoke at home(24.02%), followed by smoking at schools(12.74%). The percentage of buying cigarettes by themselves was increased from 17.10% in 2008 to 66.09% in 2015. Conclusion From 2005 to 2015, both ever smoking and current smoking rate among middle school students in Beijing decreased in general, however smoking among vocational high school students warrants further attention.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of infectious diseases in schools in Beijing in 2010-2017 academic years, and to provide the reference for the prevention and control of infectious diseases in schools. Methods: Based in Disease Surveillance Information System, students aged 6-22 years were selected in 2010-2017 academic year into this descriptive analysis, and the legal infectious diseases and the intensively monitored diseases of surveillance system in Beijing were included. Results: From 2010 to 2017 academic years, the incidence rate of notifiable and certain monitored infectious diseases declined from 1 213.48/100 000 to 749.30/100 000, the incidence rate of notifiable infectious diseases declined from 718.19/100 000 to 523.50/100 000. There was no report of category A. The top 4 infectious diseases of category B were scarlet fever(80.13/100 000), bacillary dysentery(74.42/100 000), tuberculosis(22.70/100 000) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)(4.03/100 000). The top 4 diseases of category C were other infectious diarrhea(157.62/100 000), hand foot and mouth disease(100.55/100 000), influenza(51.39/100 000)and mumps(49.47/100 000). The other particular monitored infectious disease was mainly chicken pox(296.04/100 000). The prevalence of AIDS and influenza increased significantly in recent years. The main infectious diseases in primary and junior school students were scarlet fever, hand foot and mouth disease, influenza, and in high school and college students were AID, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis. Conclusion In the 2010-2017 academic year , the number and incidence of notifiable infectious diseases and particular monitored infectious diseases among students in Beijing showed an overall downward trend. The main diseases among students in Beijing are scarlet fever, bacillary dysentery, infectious diarrhea and chicken pox. Prevention and control of AIDS, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis in high school and college students should be paid special attention.

Objective: To investigate knowledge and behaviors towards infectious diseases and factors associated with school absence for health reasons among primary and middle school students across 10 provinces in China, and to provide a reference for conducting a targeted health education of infectious disease and improving the controling and preventing levels of infectious disease in schools. Methods: Stratified multistage sampling was used in this self-administered, anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 17 042 primary and middle school students across 10 provinces during Mar. to Dec. 2013. Multivariate Logistic regression models were performed to identify factors associated with school absence for health reasons. Results: About 57.1% of all the participants reported infectious disease-related symptoms including fever, cough, headache, abdominal pain, diarrhea, as well as rash during the past two weeks; 42.4% reported absence from school for health reasons during the past year. The awareness rate of infectious diseases was between 42.5%-87.8%, and reported rates of behaviors towards infectious disease prevention were between 28.8%-97.7%. Living with parents(OR=0.91, 95%CI=0.84-0.99), higher father’s education level(OR=0.88, 95%CI=0.81-0.95), higher mother’s education level(OR=0.85, 95%CI=0.79-0.92), adequate knowledge and behavior towards infectious disease prevention (OR=0.97, 95%CI=0.96-0.98) and living in eastern areas (OR=0.90, 95%CI=0.83-0.98) were significantly associated with school absence for health reasons during the past year. Conclusion Knowledge and behaviors towards infectious diseases among primary and secondary school remains to be improved. Education on infectious disease prevention should be strengthened in schools to prevent the transmission and prevalence of infectious diseases.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge and practice levels on infectious disease among primary and middle school students, so as to provide a basis for targeted infectious disease in health education and infectious disease prevention and control in schools. Methods: The stratified cluster random sampling was used to select 25 670 primary and middle school students from 6 urban area and 10 suburban area in Beijing from October to November in 2020. A questionnaire survey on knowledge and practice of students related to infectious disease prevention and control was conducted using the questionnaire compiled by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Chisquare test was used for group comparison. Results: During the past two weeks, 8.64% students reported sickness absence. The awareness rates of knowledge on infectious disease were 37.64%-93.56%, and the formation rates of practice on infectious disease were between 62.22%-98.74%. The overall awareness rate of knowledge on infectious diseases was 58.58%, and the overall formation tate of practice on infectious disease prevention was 78.19%, with boys (54.14%,73.67%) lower than girls (63.25%,82.94%),urban areas (62.88%,79.12%) higher than suburbans areas (55.30%,77.48%), vocational high school studengs (43.51%,68.13%) lower than nonvocational high school students (elementary school: 56.05%, 85.19%; middle school: 61.66%, 78.63%; high school: 66.72%, 72.77% ), residential students (55.21%,71.59%) lower than nonresidential students (59.32%,79.64%), students living with parents (59.22%,79.30%) higher than those not with parents (54.60%,71.34%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=219.08, 148.95, 514.34, 26.44, 27.12; 323.26, 9.91, 536.11, 144.32, 114.11, P<0.05). Conclusions The levels of knowledge and practice regarding relative infectious disease among primary and middle school needs to be improved. Health education on the weak links in knowlege and practice of infectious disease prevention and control should be strengthened to reduce the incidence and transmission of infectious diseases.

Objective To understand the prevalence of deliberate self-harm in middle school students in Beijing,and explore the relationship between self-harm and suicidal behaviors.Methods An anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 5 807 students selected through cluster random sampling from grade 9 to grade 12 in 16 middle schools in Beijing.Results Among the surveyed middle school students,35.6％ reported that they once had self-harm behaviors,7.0％ reported often had self-harm behaviors in the past 30 days before the survey.More girls reported self-harm behaviors than boys did.And the prevalence of self-harm behaviors was highest in girls in grade 8 and in boys in grade 9.The students in key senior high schools,or living with single or remarried parents were the risk population to have self-harm behaviors.Higher suicide behavior reporting rate was correlated with higher self-harm behavior reporting rate.Compared with students who reported no self-harm behaviors during the past month,the suicide behavior reporting rate in students reporting self-harm behaviors increased by 5.7-12.3 times.Conclusion Deliberate self-harm behaviors were associated with suicide behaviors among middle school students in Beijing.Early psychological intervention and life education should be carried out among middle school students in order to find risk population and save their life.