1. Therty-three adult male rabbits were used for this experiment. The animals were divided into four groups. In the first experimental group, a piece of its own spleenic tissue was implanted to the myocardial surface in each animal after the internal mammary arteries had been ligated bilaterally. Within one to four weeks after the first operation, the animals were subjected to ligation of the circumflex branch of the left coronary artery. Out of 18 animals, 12 survived over 5 days after 2nd operation. In the second experimental group the same procedure was repeated as group 1, except the implantation of the spleenic tissue. Two animals survived out of 5 operated. In the control groups (the 3rd and 4th groups) no operation was performed before ligation of the branches of the coronary artery. In the 3rd group, after the ligation of the ant. descending branch, 3 out 4 animals survived over 5 days, while in the 4th group, after ligation of circumflex branch none survived over 5 days in 6 animals operated. 2. In group 2, X-ray photographs indicate that collateral circulation was established through the anastomosis between pericardial vessels and branches of the coronary artery. 3. The X-ray photographs of the experimental group 1 proved the establishment of collateral circulation between ant. descending branch and circumflex branch of the left coronary artery by the vasculature in the spleenic implantation. 4. As is shown by periodic acid Schiff reaction, (1) in both control groups, the glycogen granules in the area of coronary occlusion were more reduced than in the border area, (2) in the second experimental group the glycogen granules in the area of coronary occlusion have slightly increased in comparison with those in same area in the control group and (3) in the first experimental group the glycogen granules in the area of coronary occlusion were increased more than in the same area in the second group. These changes offer convincing elucidation that in the first and second groups, owing to the production of the intercoronary collateral circulation or the hemodynamic effect, the blood supply to the area of the coronary occlusion was ificreased.

As there are a number of ankle arteries and some of them can not be blocked completely under higher pressure from the external inflate cuff, we can not accurately identify the starting point of the pulse wave, so the errors of lower limb systolic blood pressure measurement take place and affect the accuracy of ankle-brachial index in diagnosing vascular disease. In this paper, we constructed delay vectors from the data we already collected from lower limb pulse wave and formed an embedding matrix; thus solving the problem of inadequate sensor dimensions. We extracted a single arterial pulse wave through the blind signal separation on the basis of embedding matrix, and we identified the lower limb systolic blood pressure corresponding to the starting point. Simulation and clinical experiments show the method can be used to separate the wave signals of ankle artery which contains information of systolic blood pressure. It improves the accuracy of lower limb systolic blood pressure measurement and hence provides accurate data for the clinical diagnosis of arterial disease.
Algorithms ; Ankle ; blood supply ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Determination ; methods ; Brachial Artery ; physiology ; Humans ; Leg ; blood supply ; Pulsatile Flow ; physiology ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To explore the significance of the plasma procalcitonin (PCT) level for directing antibiotic therapy in elderly patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).Methods The 50 elderly patients with VAP were randomly separated into the regular therapy group and the PCT-directed therapy group. The regular therapy group was given regular antibiotic therapy, while the antibiotic therapy was decided according to the plasma level of PCT in the PCT-directed therapy group. The used time and utilization rate of antibiotics, as well as inflammatory indicators including white blood cells, neutrophils, C-reactive protein (CRP) and clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) were compared between the two groups. Results After treatment, there were no significant differences in white blood cells, neutrophils and CRP between the PCT-directed therapy group and regular therapy group [(8.9 ± 3.5 ) × 109/L vs. (9.4 ± 3.7) × 109/L, 0.62 ± 0.04 vs.0.60±0.04, (18.7±8.5) mg/Lvs. (21.6±6.0) mg/L, t=0.47, 1.84 and 1.37, allP＞0.05],but the CPIS was markedly lower in PCT-directed therapy group than in regular therapy group [(4.0± 1.4) scores vs. (4.7± 1.0) scores, t= 2. 18, P＜0.05]. The neutrophils, CRP and CPIS were significantly lower after treatment than before in the both groups. The concentration of PCT was decreased after treatment than before [(0.5 ± 0.9) mg/L vs. (1.7 ± 0.7) mg/L]. Meanwhile, the time using antibiotics was longer in regular treatment group than in PCT-directed therapy group [(8.72±1.32) d vs. (5.17±0.72) d, t=11.96, P＜0.01], the utilization rate of antibiotics was higher (95.2 % vs. 55.2 %, χ2 = 12.41, P＜0.01) in regular treatment group. Conclusions Using PCT levels for directing treatment in elderly patients with VAP can achieve better curative effect and reduce the use of antibiotics.

Objective To investigate the clinical values of central venous pressure (CVP) versus stroke volume variation (SVV) in patients with severe sepsis after early goal-directed therapy (EGDT).Methods Totally 30 mechanically ventilated patients with severe sepsis who underwent goal-achieved EGDT were enrolled and randomly divided into CVP group (study group) and SVV group (control group) according to the data detected by pulse contour continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) analysis device.The differences in 28-day survival,3-day APACHE Ⅱ score,time of ICU stay,duration of mechanical ventilation,number that need CRRT,entral venous pressure (CVP),heart end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI),intrathoracic blood volume index (ITBVI),extravascular lung water index (EVLWI),cardiac index (CI),central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2),lactate clearance rate and APACHE Ⅱ score were compared between the 2 groups.Results The death rate had no difference between the 2 groups(x2=0.240,P=0.624).Among survival patients in the CVP group,the time of ICU stay and duration of mechanical ventilation were shorter in study group than in control group(t=2.166,P=0.041;t=2.104,P=0.046),APACHE Ⅱ score at 3th day was decreased(t=2.20,P =0.038).The values of ITBVI,GEDVI,CI,lactate clearance rate were higher in study group than in control group (t=2.759,2.146,2.199,2.654,3.362,P=0.011,0.043,0.038,0.014,0.003).EVLWI and APACHE Ⅱ score were not different (P＞0.05) between the two groups.Conclusions SVV as a recovery target for fluid resuscitation can reach a better recovery results and improvement of prognosis than CVP goal-achieved EGDT.

Objective To investigate the prognostic value of stroke volume variation (SVV) in patients with severe sepsis after early goal-directed therapy (EGDT). Method Thirty-eight mechanically ventilated patients with severe sepsis underwent EGTD were divided into high SVV (≥10%) group and low SW (< 10%) group according to the data obtained from pulse contour continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) analysis device. The differ-enees in the rate of 28-day survival, length of ICU stay, duration of meehanical ventilation and eomplieation of in-fection between two groups of patients were compared. The rate of 28-day survival of patients was analyzed by using Kaplain-Meier survival analysis, and the relationship between SVV and mortality within 28 days was analyzed by using logistic regression model. Results In comparison with low SVV group, the rate of 28-day survival of high SVV group was signifieantly increased (87.5 % vs. 57.1%, P = 0.032), the length of ICU stay was significantly shortened (27.1±9.2) vs. (41.6±10.0) (P = 0. 004) and duration of mechanical ventilation was significantly more brief (20.4±7.3) vs. (28.5±8.3) (P = 0.038). The rate of cumulative survival of patients in high SVV group was higher than that in low SVV group. In addition, logistie analysis showed SW < 10% increased the risk of 28-day mortality (OR = 3.97; 95% CI 1.63 - 9.21, P = 0. 014). Conclusions The SVV can be served as a prognostic indicator in patients with severe sepsis after EGDT.

To find a new preventive strategy for the infection of Schistosoma japonica, plasmid pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 that contains fatty binding protein (Sj14), GST (Sj26) and paramyocin (Sj97) that are expressed on the membrane, was constructed. RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of Sj14 mRNA, Sj26 mRNA and Sj97 mRNA in the Hela cells, the indirect immunofluorescent test was employed for the detection of the expression of trans-membrane Sj26 after the plasmid was trans-fected into Hela cells. Fifty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 5 groups and pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 plasmid DNA, pIRES-Sj14-Sj26 plasmid DNA, plRES-Sj26 plasmid DNA,plRES blank vector and normal saline were respectively injected into the quadriceps muscles of thigh.Eight weeks after the immunization the mice were killed and significantly higher level of IgG was detected in the pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 group as compared with the plRES blank vector, normal saline and pIRES-Sj26 groups (P<0.01) and the pIRES-Sj14-Sj26(P<0.05). Single splenocyte suspension was prepared to detected the level of IFN-γ by ELISA and the lymphocyte stimulating index (SI) by MTT SI was significantly higher of in the pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 group than in other groups (P<0.01), while the IFN-γ, level was significantly higher the pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 group than in pIRES blank vector and normal saline groups (P<0.01), but no significant differences were found when compared with pIRES-Sj14-Sj26 and pIRES-Sj26 groups. Flow cytometery showed that the percent-ages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were much higher in the pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 group (P<0.01,P<0.05). It was concluded that pIRES-Sj97-Sj14-Sj26 vaccine may induce stronger immune response in BALB/c mice.