Objective:To investigate the effects of substance P(SP),somatostain(SST) and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) on the activation of rat intestinal mucosal mast cells(IMMC) in vitro.Methods:IMMC isolated and purified from the whole intestines of normal rats were incubated with gut peptides at various concentrations.The histamine concentration in IMMC and their supernate were determined.Furthermore,the ultrastructure of the incubated IMMC was observed under a transmission electronic microscope.Results:①The spontaneous release rate of histamine was (22.86?3.22)%.②SP significantly increased the histamine release rate from IMMC(P0.05)④At the concentration from 1?10 -1 mol/L to 1?10 -8 mol/L,the higher concentration of VIP was used,the lower histamine release rate was observed(P

Objective Multiple organ failure (MOF) has been regarded as a continuous, uncontrolled inflammatory response. Intestinal mucosal mast cells (IMMC) may be involved in MOF. Substance P (SP), one of gut peptides, is an important regulator in the neuro-endocrine-immune network. However, the effects of SP on IMMC, especially in the case of MOF, remain unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of SP on IMMC in the development of MOF. Methods The rat model of MOF was established by injecting zymosan. After thirty minutes of the injection, SP was given through tail veins at the dose of 20 nmol/kg weight and 0.2 nmol/kg weight. The concentrations of histamine and tumor necrosis facfor-?(TNF-?) in plasma and intestine tissues were measured. The pathological alterations of essential organs including intestine, liver, kidney and lung were examined under light microscope. Their corresponding functions were reflected with ALT, Cr and PO 2. The ultrastructure of the IMMC was also observed under a transmission electronic microscope. Results Compared with the controlled rats, those injected with SP showed much more serious inflammatory response under light microscope. Both ALT and Cr increased by about 50%, but PO 2 decreased by about 40%. Histamine level in the intestinal tissue of the rats treated with SP remarkably decreased, whereas the plasma histamine level did not show any significant changes. The level of TNF-? was higher in the intestinal tissue of the rats treated with SP but no change in plasma, and the degranulation of IMMC under transmission electronic microscope was more obvious.Conclusions SP may trigger MOF through acting on IMMC which may release inflammatory mediators such as histamine and TNF-?.

Objective To investigate the effect of somatostatin(SST) on the activity of intestinal mucosal mast cells(IMMC) and its pathological significance in the development of multiple organ failure(MOF). Methods The rat model of MOF was established by the peritoneal injection of zymosan. Thirty minutes after the injection of zymosan, SST at 2.300 ng?kg -1 ?h -1 or 0.023 ng?kg -1 ?h -1 was injected respectively through tail veins. The concentration of histamine and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) in plasma and intestinal tissue were measured. The pathological alterations of essential organ including intestine, liver, kidney, lung and heart were studied under light microscope. Their corresponding functions were reflected with alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cretinine (Cr) and oxygen pressure (PO 2). In addition, the ultra structure of the IMMC was observed under a transmission electronic microscope. Results Compared with the controlled rats, the rats injected with SST (2.300 ng?kg -1 ?h -1 ) showed less serious inflammatory response under light microscope. ALT and Cr were decreased 53% and 60% respectively. However, the lung ventilation was improved and PO 2 was increased by 50%. The histamine level in the intestinal tissue from rats treated with SST remarkably increased( ( 8.60? 0.50 ) ng/g protein to ( 14.50? 1.08 ) ng/g protein), whilst the plasma histamine level did not show any significant changes. Exogeneous SST also resulted in lower level of TNF-? in intestine but no changes in plasma. Furthermore, degranulation of IMMC from the rats treated with SST was less obvious. Conclusion SST may prevent from or arrest the development of MOF through suppression of the release of inflammatory mediators, such as histamine and TNF-?.

Objective To investigate the effects of somatostatin(SST)or vasoaetive intestinal peptide (VIP)on the expression of MAdCAM-1 in the intestinal muecosa of rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)and its significance of prevention and treatment of MODS.Method Thirty six Wistar male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups(6 rats in each group),including control group,VIP group 1 and SST group1 (rats treated with VIP and SST respectively),MODS group(rats with MODS),VIP group 2 and SST group 2(NODS rats treated with VIP and SST respectively).The rat model of MODS(system inflammatory response syndrome,＞2 or-gans dysfunction)was established by occlusion of superior mesenteric arteries.0.2 ρmol·g-1 h -11 VIP or SST by intravenous injection combined with 0.25 ρmol/g VIP or SST by intraperitoneal injection were injected into rats.In each group,intestinal lymphocytes from rats labeled with 51 Cr were infused into rat veins and were quantified with γcounter in GALT.The expression of MAdCAM-1 in the intestinal mucosa was measured by western blot.Inflam-mation in the intestinal mucosa was evaluated with histological sections.Student's t test was used to assess differ-ence between the experiment group and the control group.Results In VIP group l and SST group 1,the peak values of MAdCAM-1 expression in diffusive lymphatic tissue of small intestinal were 157.67±2.52 and 154.33±3.22.and those in Peyer patches were 136.00±1.00 and 137.00±1.00.There were no significant difference when compared with control group(165.33±1.53,152.67±2.31,P＞0.05).The percentage of 51 Cr-lympho-cytes in diffusive lymphatic tissue of small intestine(1.04%±0.59%,1.01%±0.83%)showed no significant difference from control group(1.07%±0.61%,P＞0.05),and those in Peyer patches(1.83%±0.90%,1.56%±0.64%)were significantly less than control group(3.85%±2.02%,P＜0.05).In VIP group 2 and SST group 2,the peak values of MAdCAM-1 expression in diffusive lymphatic tissue of small intestinal(158.00±2.65,154.33±1.53)and Peyer patches(156.33±1.53.151.33±2.31)were significantly less than MODS group(175.33±2.52,173.00±2.65,P＜0.05).The percentage of 51 Cr-lymphocytes in diffusive lymphafic tissue of small intestine(1.58%±0.42%,1.45%±0.26%)and Peyer patches(2.14%±1.49%,0.81%±0.35%)were significantly less than MODS group(3.23%±1.69%,5.04%±1.23%,P＜0.05)and the se-vere histopathological danlage in intestine was relieved.Conclusions VIP or SST reduced intestinal lymphoeytes homing to GALT in rats with MODS through suppressing the expression of MAdCAM-1,and attenuated the inflam-matory injure in the intestinal mucosa.

Objective To investigate effects of octreotide combined with aspirin on the growth and metastasis of gastric cancer in vivo. Methods SGC-7901, human gastric cancer cell line, was implanted orthotopically in the stomach of nude mice. Octreotide or aspirin alone and the combination of the two drugs were administrated for 8 weeks to investigate the effects of them on tumor growth and metastasis. Results At necropsy, xenografts in situ were found in all stomachs of nude mice except two nude mice in the combined group. The mean volume and weight of tumors in nude mice treated with octreotide or aspirin were significantly lower than those of control group. The inhibitory rate for tumors was 60.6% in octreotide group, 39.3% in aspirin group and 85.6% in the combined group with octreotide and aspirin respectively. The metastatic rates of gastric adenocarcinoma were markedly lower in any of treatment group than that in control group. No severe side action was observed in all of treatment group. Conclusion Octreotide combined with aspirin greatly enhanced the anti-growth effect on gastric cancer in vivo when compared to using either of them and inhibited the metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma in nude mice.

Objective To compare the effects of tibolone and cisapride on gastrointestinal motility in menopausal patients with functional dyspepsia (MPFD).Methods Fifty-three MPFD and 31 MPFD complicated with bile reflux were divided into 3 groups randomly.They were treated with tibolone,cisapride and both drugs for 4 weeks,respectively.The gastric emptying,serum motilin and intragastric bile were measured before and after the treatment.Results The 30-min gastric emptying rates of all groups were significantly improved (P

Objective To study the clinical effect of endoscopic therapy in the patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods Totally 289 patients with SAP were divided into endoscopic therapy and control groups in random.The patients in control group received conventional medications.The patients in endoscopic group not only received conventional medications but also took endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST),removing stones,endoscopic nasobile or nasopancreatic drainage within 72 h after onset.The remission time of abdominal pain and distention,the duration of serum amylase back to normal,APACHEⅡscores,hospitalization days and expenditure were compared between two groups.Results The remission time [(10.5?3.0) day] of abdominal pain and distention in endoscopic group was significantly lower than that [(12.4?6.8) day] of control group,P

Objective To understand whether meloxicam combined with octreotide could enhance the inhibitory effect on proliferation of hepatic cell carcinoma (HCC). Methods The proliferation of HepG2 HCC cells was measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA. The synergic effect of meloxicam combined with octreotide on the growth of HepG2 cells was evaluated according to the median-response principle. We also observed the infiuence of combination therapy on the growth of HepG2 xenografts in nude mice. Results The combination of meloxicam and octreotide significantly inhibited 3H-TdR incorporation of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner (r=-0.980, P

Objective To study the diagnostic value of spectral CT in atypical tuberculosis ball and lung cancer.Methods 45 cases of pulmonary nodule or mass received unenhanced and two phase enhanced scan in gemstone spectral imaging mode,and all pulmonary nodule or mass were confirmed by pathology.Selecting unenhanced,arterial phase and venous phases of spectrum image,atypical tuberculosis ball group and lung cancer group were analyzed.Normalized iodine concentration (NIC), the spectral curve slope (λHU),CT value of unenhanced and two phase enhanced spectrum image were measured and calculated.Two independent samples t-test was used for the statistic analysis of each spectrum parameters between the two groups.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was obtained for comparing the sensitivity and specificity of each spectral parameter.Results Among the 45 patients,11 were atypical tuberculosis ball, and 34 were lung cancer.Comparison NIC,two phase enhanced λHU and the net enhanced CT values of 70 keV monoenergetic image of the two groups, lung cancer group was higher than atypical tuberculosis ball group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);However, the unenhanced CT value of 70 keV monoenergetic image of the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).When the NIC diagnostic threshold was 0.105, the maximum Youden index (0.733), the area under the ROC curve was 0.89, and sensitivity and specificity was 82.4% and 90.9%, respectively.Conclusion The quantitative parameters of spectral CT is helpful in the diagnosis of atypical tuberculosis ball and lung cancer,especially the NIC with high value.

Objective To evaluate the inhibiting effect of selective and non-selective cyclo-oxygenase-2(COX-2) inhibitor on growth of colon cancer cell lines in vitro and its signal transduction pathway. Methods The proliferation of colon cancer cells was determined by MTT assay. COX-2, nuclear factor(NF)-?Bp65, extracellular-signal regulated kinase(ERK), phospho ERK(pERK) protein expressed in colon cancer cell lines were analyzed by Western blot. Activator protein(AP)-1 and NF-?B binding activity influenced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory was detected by electrophoretic mobility sift assay. Results Aspirin and celecoxib could inhibit the proliferation of HT-29, SW480 and LS174-T cells and showed a dose-dependent manner. Western blot analysis showed that expression of COX-2, pERK, NF-?Bp65 protein in colon cancer cells were down-regulated by celecoxib or aspirin in some degree but not effect in total ERK expression. AP-1 and NF-?B binding activity could be stimulated by 20% fetal calf serum or tumor necrosis factor-?. Both aspirin and celecoxib could inhibit fetal calf serum-induced AP-1 activation in HT-29 and SW480 cells. Celecoxib could also inhibit tumor necrosis factor induced NF-?B binding activity, but aspirin had little effects on SW480 cells. Conclusion NSAIDs are able to potentially inhibit the growth of colon cell lines in vitro and the mechanism may relate to AP-1 and NF-?B signal transduction pathway.