[Objective]To observe the histomorphology and ultrastructure of the intervertebral disc(I D) in the rat model with cervical vertebral unbalance of dynamic and static force.[Method]Sixty SD rates were randomly divided into 4 groups: 3 months,5 months,7 months and the control group.The cervical I D degeneration model was made by destroying the neck muscle of rats and the tissues wer collected every month.The number,area and thickness of the cartilage end-plate were measured by the means of Miyamoto's Classes.The ultrastructure of the apoptosis cells of the intervertebral disc was observed under the electron microscope.[Result]Compared with the control group,the 3 months group showed degeneratin changes,with disordered structure of the annular fibrosis and thickness increase of calcification layer and decrease of blood vessel unmber in the cartilage layer.Complete fibrosis was found in nucleus pulposus in 5 months model group,with the fibro lamellar structure disappeared and few blood vessel buds.The features of 7 months model group was similar to 5 months and osteophyma had been formed near the bordr of part intervertebal.Under the electron microscope,the number of surface projection and organelles was decreased.Fatty drop and apoptotic body could be seen in disc cells of 3 month model group.Few cells,broken collagen fibers in ECM and more cavitation cells for necrosis in 5 months and 7months model groups could be seen.[Conclusion]The cervical I D of model groups has shown typical morphological changes of degeneration and this trend was more serious with the time passing.In the early and middle stage of degeneration,the apoptosis cells can be seen,but in the terminal stage the cellular necrosis was more common.

Health is an important component of human capital,and it is the premise and basis of other forms of human capital.This paper clarifies the impact of health on individual family income from several aspects.

To investigate the gene expression changes in the degenerated cervical intervertebral discs of rats, and to study the function of Yiqi Huayu Bushen Recipe, a compound Chinese herbal medicine, and its discomposed formulas in regulating gene expressions in the degenerated cervical intervertebral discs.

OBJECTIVE: To make an animal model of cervical spondylosis (arthralgia syndrome type) with stimulation of wind, cold, and dampness. METHODS: Twenty-four 8 months old male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly allocated into four groups: normal control group, light stimulation group, moderate stimulation group and severe stimulation group. The wind speed was 10.8-13.8 m/s, the temperature was (5+/-0.5)degrees centigrade, and the humidity was 100%. The rabbits of light, moderate, and severe stimulation groups were kept in the above-mentioned environments for 4 hours everyday, and for a total of 32, 64, and 128 hours, respectively. The intervertebral discs were stained with HE method, and observed with a light microscope. Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), 6-ketone-prostaglandin F1alpha (6-K-PGF(1alpha)) and thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) contents were measured by ELISA. Fas and Bcl-2 expressions were examined by immunohistochemical avidin-biotin peroxidose complex technique. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) mRNA expressions were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The nucleus pulposus of rabbits in the light and moderate stimulation groups shrunken, and in the severe stimulation group, the anulus fibrosus loosed or ruptured, and the cartilage end-plate became proliferated. Compared with rabbits in the normal control group, the PGE(2) content rose in the light stimulation group, the contents of PGE(2), 6-K-PGF(1alpha), and TXB(2) increased, the expressions of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha mRNAs and Fas were up-regulated, and the expressions of TGF-beta mRNA and Bcl-2 were down-regulated in the moderate and severe stimulation groups. The expression of Fas was up-regulated mostly and Bcl-2 was down-regulated mostly in the severe group. CONCLUSION: Moderate and severe stimulations of wind, cold and dampness can lead to degeneration of cervical intervertebral discs of rabbits. The model corresponds to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine about arthralgia syndrome caused by wind, cold and dampness.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the relationship between progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and to detect the influence of plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer levels before treatment in the prognosis of advanced stage (stageⅢB-Ⅳ) of NSCLC. Methods The study comprised 134 NSCLC patients with clear pathological diagnosis. All patients were grouped by plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer levels before treatment. We set the normal values of fibrinogen as≤4 g/L and D-dimer as≤500μg/L(FEU). Patients with normal levels of fibrinogen and D-dimer were grouped into low risk group, patients with elevated fibrinogen or D-dimer were grouped into median risk group, and patients with both elevated values were grouped into high risk group. Chi-square test and one way ANOVA analysis were used to analyze the clinicopathologic features of different groups. The OS and PFS in different groups were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Univariate analysis of PFS and OS were conducted. Then multivariate analysis was conducted with the Cox regression model in three groups. Results The clinicopathologic features showed no differences between different groups. There were significant differences in OS and PFS between high risk group and other groups. In the survival curves, the high risk group showed poor prognosis. The result of multivariate analysis showed that clinical stage (OS:RR=1.846, 95%CI 1.150-2.964,P=0.011; PFS:RR=1.762, 95%CI 1.190-2.609, P=0.005) and grouped by fibrinogen and D-dimer (OS:RR=1.415,95%CI 1.050-1.908,P=0.023;PFS:RR=1.373,95%CI 1.070-1.761,P=0.013) were prognostic factors for patients with NSCLC. Conclusion The plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer levels before treatment are closely related with the prognosis of NSCLC patients. And a high plasma fibrinogen and D-dimer levels before treatment are associated with poor prognosis in advanced stage of NSCLC patients.

Objective To establish a stable and reliable model of brain death in swine, and to provide a more stable model for investigating pathomorphology in brain tissue and for studying transplantation immunology during brain death. Methods Base on the classic methodology of increasing epidural intracranial pressure, Codman intracranial pressure moni-toring probes were implanted in landrace pigs invasively. According to the relationship between ICP and MAP, brain death models were established by increasing intracranial pressure slowly and intermittently, with real-time monitoring of the intra-cranial pressure. Results Among twelve experimental landrace pigs, one died from anesthetic accident, while the rest elev-en were successfully established as brain death models. With effective respiratory and circulatory support, those brain death models can be maintained for (31.3 ± 4.7) h. Brain death model establishement is a stable and reliable process demonstrated by transcranial Doppler, EEG, ECG, mean arterial blood pressure and other monitoring methods. After brain death is con-firmed, animal models can be maintained for a long time. Conclusion Our methodology of inducing brain death model un-der ICP monitoring is stable and easy to be standardized. It can also provide a more stable model for studying brain tissue pathomorphology and transplantation immunology.

To research the action mechanism of Yiqi Huayu Bushen Recipe (YHBR), a compound of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in treating cervical syndrome (CS) with kidney deficiency in rats.

To explore the mechanism of Yiqi Huayu Bushen Recipe (YHBR), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, in treating cervical syndrome (CS) with qi deficiency, blood stasis and kidney deficiency in rats.

Objective To reproduce a stable animal model of brain death in pigs, observe the change regularity of cerebral oxygen metabolism during the process of brain death, and to evaluate the significance and value of cerebral oxygen metabolism parameters for the diagnosis of brain death. Methods Twelve landrace pigs were used to create the brain death models using modified method of increasing epidural intracranial pressure (ICP). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) and ICP were monitored continuously during the process. The pigs were divided into four groups according to cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) decreasing degree during brain death, namely CPP normal group and CPP decreasing 0%-30%, 30%-70%, and 70%-100% groups. Blood gas analysis of the external carotid artery and internal jugular vein were monitored discontinuously. The changes in cerebral oxygen metabolism parameters, including external carotid artery-internal jugular vein bulb oxygen content difference (AJDO2), internal jugular bulb-external carotid artery carbon dioxide partial pressure difference (DPCO2) and DPCO2/AJDO2 ratio, were observed. Results Brain death model were successfully reproduced in 12 experimental pigs. With MAP and ICP monitoring, the models at different stages of CPP could be repeatedly induced. The levels of AJDO2 and DPCO2 were increased gradually and then decreased, while the ratio of DPCO2/AJDO2 was constantly increased with the decrease of CPP. The level of AJDO2 in CPP decreasing 0%-30%group was significantly higher than that in CPP normal group [(5.86±1.21)% vs. (3.92±0.64)%], the levels of DPCO2 in CPP decreasing 0%-30% and CPP decreasing 30%-70% groups were significantly higher than those in CPP normal group [mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 10.33±1.83, 11.48±2.32 vs. 6.11±1.43], and the ratios of DPCO2/AJDO2 in CPP decreasing 30%-70% and CPP decreasing 70%-100% groups were significantly higher than those in CPP normal group and CPP decreasing 0%-30% group (2.81±0.53, 4.12±1.07 vs. 1.57±0.64, 1.62±0.81). All the differences above were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Conclusions With the decrease of CPP, cerebral oxygen metabolism showed a regular change during brain death. DPCO2 combined with DPCO2/AJDO2 is a reliable blood gas analysis index indicating intracranial hypoperfusion, which has certain reference value for the determination of brain death.

At present, there is still a lack of comprehensive diagnosis and treatment criteria for pancreatic exocrine insufficiency around the world. Pancreatic surgeons often ignore or misjudge pancreatic exocrine insufficiency secondary to pancreatic cancer, and as a result, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency is not adequately treated, which greatly affects the quality of life of patients with pancreatic cancer. This article summarizes the latest research advances in the pathogenesis, typical symptoms, and diagnostic methods of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, as well as pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy in different stages of pancreatic cancer. It is pointed out that pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy can significantly improve the quality of life of patients with different stages of pancreatic cancer.