AIM: To compare the effects, adverse reactions and emotion change of venlafaxine vs furazolidone for harmful alcoholics.　METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with harmful alcoholics were divided into two groups. Thirty-four patients (M34; age 37 a± s 6 a) were treated with venlafaxine, 25-50 mg, po, tid, for 8 wk. The other thirty-four patients (M34;age 38 a±6 a) with furzolidone, 0.1-0.2 g, po, tid, for 8 wk, with drinking alcohol at regular intervals during treating with furazolidone.　RESULTS: The total effective rate was 79% in venlafaxine group at 3 mo. There were no obvious adverse reactions, the anxiety disorder and depressive disorder during treating with venlafaxine. And the total effective rate was 65% in furazolidone group (P<0.05). There were obvious adverse reactions such as hypotension, myocardial ischemia, anxiety disorder and depressive disorder after treating with furazolidone.　CONCLUSION: Adverse reaction of venlafaxine on harmful alcoholics is smaller than furazolidone and the effect of venlafaxine on alcoholics is better than furazolidone.

Objective To screen the critical genes related to the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( ESCC ) by weighted gene co-expression network analysis ( WGCNA ) and to verify by experiments.Methods Gene expression data of ESCC were downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database based on gene chip platform ( GPL) 570, GPL571, GPL96/97 or GPL14613 platform, respectively. Meanwhile, the obtained differentially expressed genes together with gene expression data of 81 ESCC patients from the cancer genome atlas ( TCGA ) and clinical data were analyzed by WGCNA to set up co-expression networks including mRNA and microRNA ( miRNA ) . The expression of miRNA in ESCC tissues and paracancerous tissues was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR ) .And the expression of target protein Kruppel like factor 4 ( KLF4 ) and desmocollin 2 ( DSC2 ) were detected by immunohistochemistry .After ESCC cell line ECA-109 cells were transfected with miRNA-92b-3p mimic, cell cycle was tested by flow cytometry ,the cell invasion and migration ability was measured by Transwell chamber assay and scratch-wound assay.The expression of KLF4 and DSC2 was observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy and Western blotting .The target genes were verified by luciferase assay .T-test, rank sum test, chi-square test and Pearson correlation analysis were performed for statistical analysis .Results A total of 4023 differential expression gene ( DEG) and 328 differential expression miRNA ( DEM) were screened and 11 gene modules were set up by WGCNA .Among them, the brown modules were negatively associated with tumor grade and T stage (r=-0.340 and -0.268, P=0.002 and 0.016).Meanwhile, has-miR-92b and the potential target genes KLF4 and DSC2 were all in the brown module .Furthermore, the results of RT-PCR showed the expression of miRNA-92b-3p in ESCC tissues was higher than that in paracancerous tissues (3.052(1.652, 5.371) vs.0.985(0.558, 2.032)), and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-4.021,P<0.01). The results of immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the positive rates of KLF 4 and DSC2 in ESCC tissues were 43.3％(13/30) and 20.0％(6/30), respectively, which were lower than those of paracancerous tissues (70.0％(21/30) and 63.3％(19/30)), and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =4.344 and 1.589, both P<0.05).After ECA-109 cells were transfected with miRNA-92b-3p mimics, the percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase decreased ((63.71 ±2.83)％vs.(54.62 ±4.00)％) and the percentage of cells at the S phase and G2/M phase increased ((31.81 ±2.88)％vs.(41.20％±2.87)％, and (3.87 ±1.75)％vs. (8.10 ±1.71)％, respectively), and the differences were statistically significant (t =3.215, 4.000 and 2.998;P=0.032, 0.016 and 0.040).The invasion and migration ability of the cells were significantly improved (79.67 ±27.54 vs.280.33 ±46.18, (69.72 ±3.91)％ vs.(84.90 ±5.25)％), and the differences were statistically significant (t=6.465 and 4.019, P=0.003 and 0.016).The results of Western blotting indicated that, compared with control mimic group , the expression of KLF4 and DSC2 was both dramatically downregulated after transfected with miRNA-92b-3p mimics transfected (1.00 ±0.23 vs.0.42 ±0.03, 1.00 ±0.20 vs.0.55 ± 0.21), and differences were statistically significant (t=4.470 and 5.493, P=0.042 and 0.032).The results of luciferase assay demonstrated that miRNA-92b-3p could directly bind KLF4 and DSC2. Conclusion WGCNA is an efficient systemic biological approach by which miRNA-92b-3p is identified as a new cancer-promoting gene .

Objective To study the protective effect of warming kidney and subsiding yang traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) method on lung tissues of rats with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) associated with sepsis. Methods Eighty healthy male Wistar rats were divided into normal control group, model group and low, medium and high dose Fusuheji groups by random number table, 16 rats in each group. The acute lung injury (ALI) model was established by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 3 mg/kg into a rat caudal vein within 5 minutes, and the normal control group was given the same volume of normal saline. Then the low, medium and high dose TCM groups were given low, medium and high dose Fusuheji TCM mixture (the ingredients of the mixture: radix aconite lateralis preparata 30 g, oysters 30 g, ginger 15 g, ephedra 15 g, licorice 10 g) 2.625, 7.875, 10.500 g/kg intragastric administration respectively. Equal volume of saline was given to the normal control group and model group by gavage. At 24 and 48 hours after respective administration, 8 rats were taken from each group to observe the pathological changes of lung tissues and score the lung injury. The rates of survival of rats were calculated after the experiment in various groups. Results After administration for 48 hours, the survival rate of rats in model group was obviously lower than that of the normal control group [18.7% (3/16) vs. 100.0% (16/16)], the low, middle and high dose Fusuheji groups' survival rates were all significantly higher than the rate of ALI model group [50.0% (8/16), 75.0% (12/16), 93.7%(15/16) vs. 18.7% (3/16), all P < 0.05]. There were no pathological changes in the lung tissues of rats in the normal control group, large amounts of exudates and hemorrhages were present in the lung tissues of ALI model group, and the inflammatory, exudative and hemorrhagic changes of lung tissues in the high, middle and low dose Fusuheji groups were obviously improved. After administration for 24 hours and 48 hours, the lung injury scores in the ALI model group were higher than those in control group (after administration for 24 hours: 7.83±0.60 vs. 2.89±4.23; after administration for 48 hours: 7.33±0.88 vs. 3.00±0.28), the scores of lung injury of any Fusuheji drug group were significantly lower than those of ALI model group, and the degrees of decrease were more marked in high dose Fusuheji group than those in low and middle dose Fusuheji groups (after administration for 24 hours: 3.37±0.32 vs. 6.00±0.44, 4.63±0.50; after administration for 48 hours: 3.25±0.25 vs. 5.25±0.25, 3.50±0.50). Conclusion The warming kidney and subsiding yang TCM method can improve the lung tissue injury in ARDS associated with sepsis in rats, promote the damaged lung tissue to recover, and ultimately the prognosis of ARDS rats is getting better.

Objective To compare the analgesic effect of the ultrasound-guided modified-fascia iliaca compartment block with ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block injection in the treat-ment of elderly patients with hip fracture.Methods Sixty elderly patients with hip fracture,17 males and 43 females,falling into ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,were randomly divide into two groups (n=30 each):ultrasound-guided modified fascial iliaca compartment block group (group M)and ultra-sound-guided fascial iliaca compartment block group (group F).The patients in group M received M-FICB using ultrasound-guided injection of 0.4% ropivacaine 5 ml in obturator nerve,15 ml in the fas-cial iliac space.The patients in group F received ultrasound-guided injection of 0.4% ropivacaine 20 ml in the fascial iliac space.FICB or MFICB was performed 20 min before epidural anesthesia in group F or group M respectively.The time of ultrasound-guided nerve block was recorded,and the onset time of femoral nerve,lateral femoral cutaneous nerve and obturator nerve block were recorded in the two groups.Visual analogue pain scores (VAS)were recorded before nerve block (T0 ),after nerve block,10 min (T1 ),20 min (T2 ),placing spinal anesthesia position (T3 ),and postoperative 24 h (T4 ).Results The onset time of obturator nerve block in group M was significantly shorter than that in group F [(4.1±1.4)min vs (10.1 ±3.9)min,P <0.05].The time of ultrasound-guided nerve block has no difference between the two groups [(2.2 ± 0.5 )min vs (2.1 ± 0.5 )min].Compared with group F,the VAS scoress at T1-T3 were lower in group M (P <0.05).Compared with T0 ,the VAS scores at T1-T4 decreased in both groups (P < 0.05 ).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided fascia iliaca compartment block is more effective in reducing the VAS scores during the supine position and reducing postoperative pain.

Type 2 diabetes often coexists with osteoporosis, leading to a significant increase in mortality in middle-aged and elderly patients, and both place a huge burden on society. There is a "diabetic bone fragility paradox" in type 2 diabetes, a high bone mineral density and high fracture risk phenomenon. In addition, some hypoglycemic drugs can also cause abnormal bone metabolism, patients with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop osteoporosis. However, the protection of bone in patients with diabetes is often neglected in clinical practice. Even if the diagnosis of osteoporosis is clear, long-term use of anti-osteoporosis drugs is limited due to many side effects, high cost, poor compliance and other reasons. Resistance exercise(RT) has hypoglycemic and bone protection effects and can be promoted as a non-pharmacological strategy for the early prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes patients with osteoporosis. We reviewed the research progress of RT in the treatment of T2DM with osteoporosis from four aspects: the relationship between T2DM and bone metabolism and the related pathogenesis, the impact of RT on blood glucose and skeletal muscle quality, the mechanism of RT in reducing glucose, preventing and treating osteoporosis, and the formulation of RT protocol.

PURPOSE: In our previous studies we showed that upregulating claudin-6 (CLDN6) expression may contribute to preventing breast cancer, and that 17beta-estradiol induces a concentration- and time-related effect on CLDN6 mRNA and protein expression in MCF-7 cells. However, the mechanisms of 17beta-estradiol regulation of CLDN6 are still unclear. We determined the role of estrogen receptors in the regulation of CLDN6 expression in human breast cancer tissues and a cell line. METHODS: CLDN6, estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) expression in breast cancer tissues were examined using immunohistochemistry. The human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, which expresses ERalpha but not ERbeta was used. CLDN6 and ERalpha expression were measured by reverse transcriptase-PCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescent staining. Treatments with propyl pyrazole triol (PPT) and ICI 182, 780 (ICI) were performed. RESULTS: The results revealed that CLDN6 expression was related to ERalpha in breast cancer tissues (p=0.033). PPT, an ERalpha-selective ligand, upregulated CLDN6 expression at 10-5 mol/L after 24 hours. The effect of PPT on regulating CLDN6 expression in MCF-7 cells was blocked by ICI. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that Eralpha reulates CLDN6 expression in breast cancer tissues and that 17beta-estradiol induces CLDN6 expression through an ERalpha pathway in MCF-7 cells.
Blotting, Western ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Cell Line ; Claudins ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; Estrogen Receptor beta ; Estrogens ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; MCF-7 Cells ; Pyrazoles ; Receptors, Estrogen ; RNA, Messenger ; Tight Junctions

Objective To establish and evaluate a rapid detection method for SARS-CoV-2 based on reverse transcriptase-recombinase aided amplification(RT-RAA)combined with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/Cas12a system.Methods RT-RAA primers and CRISPR-derived RNA(crRNA)were designed based on the nucleocapsid(N)gene of SARS-CoV-2 from NCBI database.The detection system was optimized with magnesium acetate(MgAc)concentration,RT-RAA reaction tempera-ture and time and LbCas12a reaction temperature.The sensitivity and specificity of the method were evaluated using recombinant plas-mids(100-106 copies/μL)and other respiratory pathogens.The RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a method was compared with RT-PCR by tes-ting 70 clinical samples in parallel.Results The optimized RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay could detect SARS-CoV-2 within 50 min at 37 ℃.The limit of detection was 10 copies/μL for the fluorescence-based method and 1×102 copies/μL for the lateral flow assay.The method specifically detected SARS-CoV-2 without cross-reactivity to other respiratory pathogens.The results of testing 70 clinical samples using RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a showed agreement of 100％with those of RT-PCR.Conclusion The established RT-RAA-CRISPR/Cas12a assay for SARS-CoV-2 detection is rapid,cost-effective,highly sensitive and specific.It can be performed by less experienced personnel and no expensive equipment is required,thus it may provide a new approach for rapid clinical diagnosis and large-scale on-site screening of SARS-CoV-2.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT), based on the photoactivation of photosensitizers (PSs), has become a well-studied therapy for cancer. Photofrin, belonging to the first generation of PS, is still widely used for the treatment of different kinds of cancers; however, it has several drawbacks that significantly limit its general clinical use. Consequently, there has been extensive research on the design of PS molecules with optimized pharmaceutical properties, with aiming of overcoming the disadvantages of traditional PS, such as poor chemical purity, long half-life, excessive accumulation into the skin, and low attenuation coefficients. The rational design of novel PS with desirable properties has attracted considerable research in the pharmaceutical field. This review presents an overview on the classical photosensitizers and the most significant recent advances in the development of PS with regard to their potential application in oncology.