Nowadays,family detergent has become necessary content in families,a great deal of detergent,specifically,chemical synthesis detergent is used and goes into water and pollutes the water and severely affects aquatic creatures.The active component of family detergent is linear alkylbenzenesulfonate(LAS).Recently,family detergent is emphasized for its toxicity and pollution.This paper summarized the status of toxicity and pollution of family detergent.

Objective To investigate the related factors effecting the genotoxicity and lipid peroxidation of organic ex-tracts from source water of Huaihe River and its tap water on mice.Methods XAD-II resin was used to absorb the organic chemical pollutants in source water and tap water.The mice were exposed to organic extracts through peritoneal injection continuously for5days.The micronucleus test,the sperm deformity test,the determination of the activities of SOD and GSH-Px and the concentrations of LPO in serum,liver and brain of mice were carried out.Results The fre-quncies of micronuclei and abnormal sperm of mice exposed to organic extracts at dosage of0.01ml/1g(bw)corre-sponding to100L/kg(bw)source water,finished water and tap water increased significantly compared with those of controls(P

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of cationic polymeric liposomes (CPLs) vector-based RNA interference (RNAi) technology on the expression of rat MHCⅡ transactivator ( CⅡTA) and MHCⅡgenes .Methods According to the genetic information of CⅡTA downloaded from GenBank, three short hairpin RNA (shRNA) sequences targeting CⅡTA sequences were designed .CPLs vectors were constructed and coupled to shRNA plasmid vectors to form pCⅡTA-CPLs vectors .Six groups including control group , CPLs control group , pHK-CⅡTA control group and three pCⅡTA-CPLs groups were set up.Rat dendritic cells (DCs) were transfected in vitro.Real time PCR and flow cytometry analysis were used to detect the expression of CⅡTA and MHCⅡat mRNA and protein levels in DCs after transfec-tion.Results The pCⅡTA-CPLs vectors were successfully constructed .Compared with control groups ,the transcription level of CⅡTA and MHCⅡand the expression of MHCⅡat protein level were significantly in-hibited in all pCⅡ TA-CPLs groups ( P<0 .01 ) .The strongest inhibitory effects of pCⅡTA-CPLs on the ex-pression of CⅡTA and MHCⅡgenes were observed in the second pCⅡTA-CPLs group.There was a positive correlation between the expression of CⅡTA and MHCⅡ.Conclusion CPLs vectors were effective gene carriers.The constructed pCⅡTA-CPLs vectors significantly inhibited the in vitro expression of rat CⅡTA and MHCⅡ, which provided evidences for further investigation on pCPLs-CⅡTA vectors in vivo.

Objective To investigate a retrieval strategy for dentistry literature based on medical subject headings (MeSH). Methods We analysed the MeSH Tree Structures of PubMed in 2009 and combined it with the core glossary of dentistry to find out highly frequent dental words in MeSH. Then 6 words were singled out from the whole MeSh Tree to apply for a retrieval strategy for dentistry literatures. Results 102,500 pieces of dentistry literature were obtained from the year 2006 to 2008. Conclusions This research strategy can improve the efficiency of literature search in dentistry field for clinical or laboratory researches.

Obiective To evaluate the efficacy of health package for the nurse in train evacuation, Methods The self-manufactured new mobile health package for the nurses provides shortcut and completed equipment in various basic nursing care, therapic procedure, condition observation, emergency aid and treatment for nursing staff who performed transportation in train evacuation.Results The potable health package can play an important role in several medical support training and have special mission. Conclusion The health package has mobile applicability and operability, which is an important equipment for successful medical support training.

Objective This study aimed to discuss the different assessment of pain among medical and nursing staff and cancer patients and supply reference for proper analgesic precept for clinical application and nursing measures. Methods We collected the assessment of psychological pain and physiological pain by 55 hospitalization cancer patients, 40 physicians in-charge and 55 nurses in-charge in one week by Johnson inventory. The assessment results were compared and at the same time the relevant problems of the attitude to cancer pain by patients was also investigated. Results Improper recognition existed in cancer pain treatment by most cancer patients. The physiological pain was higher than the psychological pain assessed by both patients and nurses (P<0.05). But the pain assessment by patients was higher than that by the nurses (P<0.05). The assessment of psychological pain was higher than the physiological pain by doctors and both aspects were lower than those by patients, but no statistical difference was seen (P>0.05). The assessment by doctors was more accurate than that by nurses. Conclusions Routine establishment of pain assessment inventory for patients could instruct patients how to record the degree of their pain. We should strengthen the standard training about pain management knowledge and give timely communication with patients' cancer pain.

Objective ToexplorethevalueofMR DKIinevaluationofmicrostructuredamageincervicalspinalcordinjury(CSCI) Methods 32casesofCSCIpatientsconfirmedbyclinicalexaminationand20casesofhealthycontrolgroupwereinvestigatedbyconventional MRIandDKIexamination.AccordingtoT2WIsignal,theinjurygroupweredividedintoA,Bgroup,Agroupofhighsignalgroup(n＝14)andBgroupofnegativegroup (n＝18).A,BgroupsandcontrolgroupweremeasuredbyFA,meandiffusivity(MD)and mean kurtosis(MK)valuesatdifferenttimes (acute,4 weeksafterinjury,2to3 monthsafterinjury)andthedata wereanalyzedby SPSS17.0statisticalsoftware.TheROCcurvewasusedtoevaluatetheabilityofdifferentparametersindiagnosingCSCI.Results In A,BgroupsFAvaluesdecreasedearlyandincreasedgradually,butwerealwayslowerthanthecontrolgroup,andthedifferencewas statisticallysignificant(P＜0.001).InAgroup MDvalueincreasedearlyanddecreasedgradually,butwashigherthanthecontrol group (P＜0.001).InAgroup MKvaluedecreasedearlyandincreasedsignificantly(P＜0.001).InBgroup MDvalueincreasedand MKvaluedecreasedintheacutephase(P＜0.001),lateron MDand MKvaluesgraduallytendtothecontrolgroup,thedifference wasnotstatisticallysignificant(P＞0.05).Conclusion DKIcannoninvasivelyreflectthemicroGdamageofCSCI,whichcannotbedisplayed byconventionalMRIfortheearlydetectionofspinalcordabnormalities.TheFAvalueisofhighdiagnosticvalue.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) on the reproductive capacity and life-span of Drosophila melanogaster. METHODS: Drosophila melanogaster images within 8 h after eclosion were collected with ether anesthesia. The female and male of similar size and normal shape and behavior were selected. The Drosophila melanogasters were cultured in the culture medium containing LAS of different densities. We divided the Drosophila melanogaster into 4 groups according to LAS concentrations: a low dose group with LAS 150 mg/kg, a middle dose group with LAS 300 mg/kg,a high dose group with LAS 600 mg/kg, and a control group without LAS, respectively. The changes of the reproductive capacity, median lethal time, mean life-span and max mean life-span of drosophila melanogaster with different doses of LAS were measured and compared with those of the control. RESULTS: The pupa numbers of filial generation of Drosophila melanogaster in the low, middle, and high dose groups (85.07%, 84.59% and 71.88%, respectively) were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The median lethal time, mean life-span and max mean life-span of Drosophila melanogaster in the low, middle, and high dose groups were shorter than those in the control group (P<0.05). The change of life-span of Drosophila melanogaster in the high dose group was remarkable: the median lethal time of female and male shortened 13 days and 15 days, the mean life-span of female and male shortened 18 days and 14 days, and the max mean life-span of female and male shortened 14 days and 12 days, respectively. CONCLUSION LAS has definite toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster, which can degrade the reproductive capacity of Drosophila melanogaster and shorten the life-span of Drosophila melanogaster.
Alkanesulfonic Acids ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drosophila melanogaster ; physiology ; Female ; Life Expectancy ; Longevity ; Male ; Reproduction ; drug effects ; Surface-Active Agents ; pharmacology ; toxicity

Immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)have become the most widely used drugs in tumor immunotherapy, with ipilimumab and nivolumab as their representatives.However, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has brought about many immune-related adverse events, of which myocarditis is one of the most fatal adverse reactions.The pathogenesis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis is not fully understood, mainly involving autoimmune T lymphocyte infiltration, regulatory T-cell dysfunction, cytokines, autoantibody production, genetic factors, the gut microbiome, etc.The treatment and management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis require concerted efforts of multidisciplinary experts.

Objective·To compare the clinical features between different subtype bipolar patients with first mania episode, and to contribute to early identification of bipolar disorder. Methods·This study was based on the database named as National Bipolar Mania Pathway Survey (BIPAS). From November 2012 to January 2013, bipolar patients from 26 mental health facilities in China were enrolled in current study. The clinical features were compared between mania patients of different subtypes, including hypomania (groupⅠ), mania without psychotic symptoms (groupⅡ), mania with psychotic symptoms (group Ⅲ) and mixed state (group Ⅳ). Results·There was significant difference in the percentage of clinical symptoms between different subtype bipolar patients with first mania episode, especially the mania and anxiety related symptoms. Group Ⅰ, Ⅲ , Ⅳ were further compared with groupⅡ, which was considered as the typical bipolar disorder. The results showed that the mania related symptoms was significantly higher in group Ⅱ, but anxiety related symptoms was significantly higher in group Ⅰ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ. Moreover, Logistic regression analysis revealed that more eloquent or humor and unusually restless could be in favor of the diagnosis of hypomania; younger and mania or hypomania as first episode might be in favor of the diagnosis of mania with psychotic symptoms; older, national minorities and unusually restless could be in favor of the diagnosis of mixed state. Conclusion·The clinical features between different subtype bipolar patients with first mania episode are various, and analysis of the clinical features can contribute to early identification of bipolar disorder.