Bipolar Disorder ; blood ; immunology ; metabolism ; Depressive Disorder ; blood ; immunology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Proteomics

Objective To understand the nucleotide and amino acid differences of glycoprotein gene (G gene) between isolated rabies viruses in Henan Province and rabies vaccine strains used for human and animals. Methods G gene sequences of nine rabies viruses isolated from dogs in Xinyang city of Henan Province in December 2006 were amplified by reverse transcriptase (RT)-heminestedpolymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then were cloned and sequenced. The phylogenetic trees were constructed for analyzing the genetic characteristics of these rabies viruses. Results The homology of G gene among the nine isolates from Henan Province was 97.6% - 98.9% at nucleotide level and 99.2%-99.8% at amino acid level. The similarities between these isolates and CTN vaccine strain were 85.6%-93.0% and 91.9%-92.9% at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively, which were higher than those between these isolates and other vaccine strains (80.4% - 83.3% and 87.7% - 92.5% at nucleotide and amino acid level, respectively). The nine isolates had several amino acid substitutions when compared to other genotype 1 rabies virus strains. Conclusions The nine rabies viruses strains isolated from Henan Province all belong to genotype 1. CTN may be an effective vaccine for preventing rabies in Henan Province.

Objective To discuss the treatment efficacy and radiotherapy side effects of the preoperative long-course radiochemotherapy and preoperative short-course radiotherapy.Methods 64 patients with local advanced middle and low rectal cancer who got the treatment from April 2004 to April 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.40 patients got the preoperative long-course radiochemotherapy under the dose of DT 45-50 Gy/25 F,1.8-2.0 Gy/F,5 F/W,combining with the synchronous capecitabine chemotherapy (1 650 mg/m2,2 F/d,d1-14/d21-35),and accepted operation 4-6 weeks after the radiotherapy.The rest 24 patients underwent the preoperative short-course radiotherapy under the dose of DT 25 Gy/5 F,5 Gy/F,5 F/W,and got the operation in 2 weeks after the radiotherapy.Results The radical and anus reservation rates in preoperative long-course radiochemotherapy group [85.0 ％ (34/40),65.0 ％ (26/40)] were higher than those in preoperative short-course radiotherapy group [58.3 ％ (14/24),33.3 ％ (8/24)] (x2 =5.689,P =0.019;x2 =6.040,P =0.041).There were no significant differences between the two groups on the index of remission rates,radiation injury,surgical complications,and overall survival rate of 1,3,5 years (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The remission rate and overall survival time between the preoperative long-course radiochemotherapy group and preoperative short-course radiotherapy have no significant difference.But the preoperative long-course radiochemotherapy may improve the anus reservation rate and the radical resection rate,without increasing the radiation injury and surgical complications.

Objective This study aims to analyze if high sensitivity C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) was a independent risk factor of acute kidney injury(AKI) after A type aortic dissection surgery.Methods Clinical data of the 169 patients who underwent A type acute aortic dissection surgery from February 2009 to October 2010 were collected.Patients without preoperative detection of hs-CRP,patients with preoperative infection and patients diagnosed infection before AKI were excluded.Enrolled patients were divided into AKI group and non-AKI group,and according to using RRT or not,the patients were divided into RRT group and non-RRT group.All the factors were evaluated by means of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify relative risk factors of AKI.Results AKI occurred in 95 cases(56.2％),Using RRT in 8 cases (4.7％).hsCRP is an independent risk factor of AKI(OR =0.975,95％ CI 0.952-0.999,P =0.041).hs-CRP and aortic cross clamping time were the independent risk factors of using RRT,The in-hospital mortality was significant difference between RRT group and non-RRT group (P ＜ 0.05).The area under the ROC curve of hs-CRP on RRT diagnosis was 0.733,95％ CI 0.570-0.896,P =0.026.The sensitivity of CRP ＞ 30.42 mg/L warning AKI need RRT was 87.5％,the specificity was 53.4％.Conclusion AKI after A type aortic dissection surgery was a severe complication and RRT associated with in-hospital mortality,hs-CRP was higher in acute aortic dissection patients.The level of hs-CRP and aortic cross clamping time were independent risk factors of AKI and RRT.

AIM:To observe the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on calcium, sodium and potassium ion channel currents of the ischemic atrial myocytes in guinea pig by whole-cell patch clamp technique.METHODS:The guinea pig atrial myocytes were obtained by enzymolysis.Under ischemia and hypoxia condition, whole-cell patch clamp was used to observe the effects of G-CSF at various concentrations on the changes of the I-V curve, activation curve and availability of L-type calcium channel current (ICa,L) and voltage-dependent sodium channel current (INa), as well as I-V curve of delayed rectifier potassium channel current (IK).RESULTS:Under ischemic condition, the I-V curves of ICa,L were changed by acute G-CSF intervention in a dose-dependent fashion.Except for G-CSF at dose of 300 μg/kg, the other concentrations of G-CSF did not change the activation curve and availability of ICa,L, indicating that the effects of G-CSF on ICa,L were in a voltage-independent fashion.The I-V curves of ICa,L under ischemic condition were gradually approaching the normal levels by the higher dose of G-CSF, while the effect of 300 μg/kg G-CSF on ICa,L was similar to 100 μg/kg G-CSF.Acute G-CSF intervention at different doses did not change I-V curve, activation curve, and availability or steady-state availability of INa.As a part of IK, the rapid activating component (IKr) was improved by 100 μg/kg and 300 μg/kg G-CSF intervention with the similar effects, while the slowly activating component (IKs) was not changed by G-CSF.CONCLUSION:G-CSF affects ion channel electrophysiological properties of ischemic atrial myocytes in a voltage-independent but concentration-dependent manner, thus reducing the incidence of atrial arrhythmia.

OBJECTIVETo investigate gene expression of three nitric oxide synthase isozymes in injured spinal cord tissue.

METHODSThirty-six adult SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: a normal group and five injury groups, with six per each group. Animals in the injury groups were sacrificed at 2, 6, 12, 24, 48 h after injury. A compression injury model on the spinal cord was made according to Nystrom B et al and gene expression of the three NOS isozymes were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSGene expression of nNOS and eNOS were detectable in the normal group and were up-regulated quickly after injury, reaching a maximum at 6 h: (0.633 +/- 0.012) and (1.236 +/- 0.207). Gene expression of iNOS was detectable only in the injury groups and it was gradually up-regulated after injury, reaching a maximum at 24 h: (1.043 +/- 0.049).

CONCLUSIONInjury to the spinal cord leads to early up-regulation of cNOS and late up-regulation of iNOS. Different NOS isozymes may play different roles in secondary spinal cord injury.

Animals ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Male ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ; RNA ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Spinal Cord ; enzymology ; pathology ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; enzymology ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the gene expression of two kinds of constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS): neuronal NOS (nNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS) in injured spinal cord tissue.

METHODSThirty-six adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into six groups: the normal group and the injury groups (2, 6, 12, 24, 48 h after injury, respectively). A compression injury model of the spinal cord wa s ma de and gene expression of nNOS and eNOS were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe gene expression of nNOS and eNOS was detected in the normal group and they were up-regulated quickly after injury, reaching the maximum at 6 h. There was no difference between gene expression of nNOS and eNO S in the normal group, but in each injury group the gene expression of eNOS was much higher than that of nNOS.

CONCLUSIONSExpression of constitutive NOS (cNOS) in spinal co rd tissue was up-regulated after injury mainly in the early stage. cNOS as a wh ole offers protection in spinal cord injury, but different cNOS may play different roles.

Animals ; Gene Expression ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; genetics ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; enzymology ; genetics ; Up-Regulation

Objective To evaluate the reliability and clinical practicality of colony PCR in rapid detection of pathogenic fungi causing tinea capitis.Methods Totally,17 children with tinea capitis were enrolled from the Department of Dermatology of Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital between January 2016 and March 2017.Colony PCR was performed to detect pathogenic fungi.The results of colony PCR were compared with those of routine PCR and morphological identification,so as to evaluate the reliability of colony PCR in the identification of pathogenic fungi causing tinea capitis.Results After clinical specimens (broken hairs and scales) from the 17 patients were subjected to fungal culture,the mycelia were collected and successfully amplified by colony PCR.The time of clony PCR (mean,3.82 ± 0.50 days) for DNA template preparation was short than that of traditional morphological identification (14 days).Based on the results of conventional PCR,the accuracy of colony PCR for fungal identification was 100％,which was superior to that of conventional PCR (88.2％).Conclusions Colony PCR can be applied to the clinical detection of pathogenic fungi causing tinea capitis at specy level,and is a kind of rapid,economic and reliable molecular detection technique.

Objective To evaluate Aedes albopictus infestation status in the central urban area of Shanghai,and analyze the related epidemic risk of mosquito-borne infectious disease.Methods Consecutive mosquito surveillance was conducted in the green lands and residential areas in the central urban area of Shanghai during 2012-2014,the Aedes albopictas density and its seasonal fluctuation were observed;the sequence ofAedes albopictus in Shanghai was aligned with that in other epidemic area abroad,and the susceptibility ofAedes albopictus to mosquito-borne virus and endemic risk were analyzed.Results No Aedes aegypti was found in the central urban area of Shanghai.As predominant species in both the residential area and the green lands,the proportion ofAedes albopictus in the residential area was significantly higher than that in the green lands (78.53％ vs.19.99％,x2=15 525.168,P＜0.001),and so was the density (11.91,42.02 pcs/day· site in the residential area vs.3.65,2.18,2.73 pcs/day· site in the green lands,all P value＜0.001).In 2014,the density reached 42.02 pcs/day · site and the proportion reached 94.69％ in the residential areas.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the genetic distance between Aedes albopictus in Shanghai and Aedes albopictus in Africa was quite far.Conclusion No Aedes aegypti was found in Shanghai and its surrounding areas,while Aedes albopictus infestation in the central urban area of Shanghai was serious.Strict measures should be taken to reduce the Aedes albopictus density for the effective control Zika virus spread.

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge(SMB)has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Growing clinical usage has led to a huge demand for artificial planting of SMB.Thus,continuous cropping of SMB is an important challenge that needs to be addressed.Contin-uous cropping can alter the metabolic profile of plants,resulting in poor growth and low yield.In this study,we tried to image the spatial location and variation of endogenous metabolites in continuously cropped SMB using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging(MALDI-MSI).Spatially resolved expressions of tanshinones,salvianolic acids,polyamines,phenolic acids,amino acids,and oligosaccharides in normal and continuously cropped SMB roots were compared.The ex-pressions of dihydrotanshinone Ⅰ,tanshinone Ⅱ A,dehydromiltirone,miltirone,dehydrotanshinone ⅡA,spermine,salvianolic acid B/E,tetrasaccharide,and pentasaccharide in continuously cropped SMB roots were much lower than those in normal roots.There was little difference in the expressions of caffeic acid and salvianolic acid A in normal and continuously cropped SMB roots.Ferulic acid was more widely distributed in xylem of normal SMB but strongly expressed in xylem,phloem,and cambium of continuously cropped SMB.The spatially resolved metabolite information enhances our understanding of the metabolic signature of continuously cropped SMB and also provides insights into the metabolic ef-fects of continuous cropping in other plants.