To describe the clinical,radiological and pathological characteristics of idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis(I-PAP)and to evaluate the methods of diagnosis and treatment.Three patients were successfully diagnosed and treated in our hospital and the literature on the subject was reviewed.Three patients,two males and one female(mean age 46 years),were diagnosed averagely in 4 months.Two severe patients presented with progressive dyspnea and type I respiratory failure,and one mild patient only with dry cough and hypoxemia.Chest X-ray radiographs all showed perihilar "butterfly" shadow and chest CT scans showed diffused ground-glass opacities(GGO),typically with "map" changes and "crazy paving" patterns.All the patients underwent bronchoscope,branchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)had grossly opaque and/or milky appearance and its sediment was periodic acid-Schiff stain positive.Transbronchoscopic lung biopsy(TBLB)specimens were obtained and under light microscopy alveoli and some of the small bronchioles were filled with eosinophilic proteinaceous material with needle-like clefts.By electron microscopy numerous cellular debris and extracellular multilamellated bodies were found.Two severe patients were successfully treated with sequential whole-lung lavage and one required repeated lavages.I-PAP is rare and prone to be misdiagnosed.The radiological features may indicate the diagnosis and examinations of TBLB and BALF can make the accurate diagnosis.Whole-lung lavage is the most effective therapy by now and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor(GM-CSF)may be beneficial in some patients.

Objective To explore effect of integrated health education on hospitalized patients with Parkinson disease.Methods A total of 80 patients with Parkinson's disease were randomly divided into two groups.The control group was given traditional health education model and the experimental group received integrated health education model.Emotional problems,compliance,knowledge awareness and disease response attitude before and after intervention were compared.Results Compared with the control group,the SAS and SDS scores in the experimental group were significantly lower,and the compliance was significantly better than the in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Awareness rate of disease concept,clinical symptom,treatment time,risk factors,treatment measures,treatment and prevention was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05),the attitude to disease treatment,social participation,risk factors and emergency treatment were significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The integrated health education model has significant effect in Parkinson's disease patients.

Objective To explore effect of integrated health education on hospitalized patients with Parkinson disease.Methods A total of 80 patients with Parkinson's disease were randomly divided into two groups.The control group was given traditional health education model and the experimental group received integrated health education model.Emotional problems,compliance,knowledge awareness and disease response attitude before and after intervention were compared.Results Compared with the control group,the SAS and SDS scores in the experimental group were significantly lower,and the compliance was significantly better than the in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Awareness rate of disease concept,clinical symptom,treatment time,risk factors,treatment measures,treatment and prevention was significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05),the attitude to disease treatment,social participation,risk factors and emergency treatment were significantly higher than that of the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The integrated health education model has significant effect in Parkinson's disease patients.