Objective To know the performance of CT in Xuzhou, and provide references for the allocation optimization of medical resources in effective using of CT in Xuzhou. Methods All hospitals that have large medical equipment in Xuzhou were investigated and the cost, payment and benefit of 42 CT are analyzed. Results The median of cost is 142.6 yuan per person. The median of payment is 277.0 yuan per person. The median of annual net profit is 652 thousand yuan per CT. Conclusion The payment is higher than the cost of CT in Xuzhou. The ratio of profit is 120.8%, but half of CT can't take back of the investment in regular time.

Objective To investigate the extent of pancreatic and liver function damage of acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) rats under altitude hypoxia environment,and to provide a reference for better diagnosis and treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in the plateau region.Methods Ninety-six specific pathogen free (SPF) Wistar male rats were involved in 1 500 meters,3 300 meters and 4 300 meters altitude.The model of ANP was established by using pancreatic capsule injection of sodium taurocholate (NaTc).In the sham operation group,the rats' belly was opened and closed after only flipping its pancreas several times.Rats in sham group were sacrificed at 6 h,and ANP group were sacrificed at 6,12,24 h after modeling.Serum amylase activity was measured,and pancreas and liver tissue were harvested for pathological examination and score.Results Serum amylase activity in sham operation group rats was not remarkably changed,and pathological changes of pancreas and liver were not obvious.At same altitude,serum amylase activity,pancreas and liver pathology score of ANP rats at each time point were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group;and serum amylase activity,pancreas and liver pathology scores of ANP 12,24 h group rats were significantly higher than those of ANP 6h group;and the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).At 3 300 meters,4 300 meters altitude,the pancreas and liver pathology scores of ANP rats at each time point were significantly higher than those at 1 500 meters altitude,and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),but the difference in serum amylase activity was not statistically significant.Conclusions With the increase of altitude,pancreatic and liver pathological damage of ANP rats shows continuing aggravation.

Objective To analyze common postoperative complications after autologous liver transplantation in patients diagnosed with hepatic alveolar echinococcosis (HAE)from plateau area. Methods Clinical data of 6 patients with advanced HAE undergoing ex-situ or partially ex-situ hepatectomy combined with autologous liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical characteristics of postoperative complications were analyzed. Results Postoperative complications mainly included biliary tract complications (n=4),intra-abdominal hemorrhage (n=1 ),infection (n=3). Two cases presented with bile leakage complicated with intra-abdominal infection and died from infectious shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. One patient had intra-abdominal hemorrhage and died from hemorrhagic shock and disseminated inravascular coagulation. Biliary tract complication and intra-abdominal hemorrhage were primary causes of mortality. Conclusions Biliary tract complication,intra-abdominal hemorrhage and infection are the main prognostic factors for HAE patients undergoing autologous liver transplantation.

Objective To explore the neuroprotective mechanism of propofol by comparing the influence of propofol and isoflurane on inflammatory cytokines ( TNF-α、IL-1、ICAM-1 ) in patients with intracranial tumors. Methods One hundred and sixty-eight patients with intracranial neoplasm were randomly divided into two groups:the propofol ( Group P) and isoflurane (Group I),84 cases in each. Patients were given with propofol (3-6 μg·mL-1) by plasma target-controlled infusion or with continuously inhaled isoflurane ( 1%-2%) , respectively. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1 and ICAM-1 were detected before anesthesia and at 0,24,and 48 h after operation. Results The serum levels of TNF-α,IL-1 and ICAM-1 were significantly increased after operation as compared to baseline in both groups. The serum level of TNF-α was(69. 11±8. 95) and (76. 26±11.28) μg·mL-1,IL-1 was(21.57±3.19) and (29.58±4.38) ng·L-1,and ICAM-1 was (1.63±0.24)and (1.94±0.29) g·L-1 at 24 h post operation in Group P and Group I,respectively. These inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly higher in group I compared to group P at 24 and 48 h after operation (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). Conclusion The target-controlled infusion of propofol brings about lower level of inflammatory reaction than isoflurane inhalation in patients with intracranial neoplasm,which may attribute to the mechanism of brain protection against injury.

Objective To characterize the changes of retinal structure and visual field mean defects (MD) in early Parkinson's disease (PD) and the related factors.Methods Twenty-five patients with early stage PD and 33 normal controls were enrolled in this study.PD patients were evaluated by unified Parkinson's disease rating scale (UPDRS) and Hoehn-Yahr (H-Y) stage in off period.All subjects undertook retina of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macular examinations by optical coherence tomography (OCT),and MD by automatic visual field analyzer.Results (1) The average thicknesses of RNFL and C11 quadrant RNFL were thinner in PD group [(96.2 ±7.6) μm and (124.4 ± 18.4) μm] than in healthy controls [(102.6 ± 5.0) μm and (135.4 ± 21.8) μm,respectively,P =0.000 and P =0.047].Moreover,PD patients had a thinner average thickness of macular[(277.2 ±9.6) μm vs (285.8 ± 12.6)μm,P=0.006],and smaller macular volume compared with controls [(10.0 ± 0.3) mm3 vs (10.3 ±0.4) mm3,P =0.006].However,there was no significant difference in MD between PD and control subjects [(0.43 ± 2.75) dB vs (-0.18 ± 1.41) dB,P =0.322].(2) Pearson's correlation analysis showed that H-Y stage was negative correlated with the average RNFL thickness (r =-0.569),average macular thickness and volume (r=-0.501 and r=-0.417) in PD patients (all P＜0.05).Conclusions PD patients have thinner average thicknesses of RNFL,C11 quadrant RNFL and macular,smaller macular volume than those in normal controls.There were no significant differences in MD between two groups.There were negative relationships between H-Y stage,and retinal thickness and volume of PD patients.

64 eight-week-old female rats were randomly divided into to 8 groups with four in medical treatment group and four in control group. The treatment groups were trained by progressive intensifying endurance swimming, and the medical-taken groups were fed with lycium for 5 weeks, and then the changes of the liver cellular free radical metabolism and ultrastructure were investigated. The effects of lycium and endurance training on liver cellular ultrastructure and free radical metabolism in rats were then explored. The results showed that exhaustive swimming time of rats could be extended by endurance training, and that exhaustive swimming time of rats could significantly be prolonged after taking lycium, and the ultrastructure of liver cell with taking lycium was more complete than that without taking lyceum. Lycium could cause significant increase of the activity of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the ratio of SOD/MDA, and meanwhile cause decrease of the content of liver MDA. Conclusions can be drawn that lycium and endurance training can improve exercise capacity of rats, and lycium has certain protecting functions of the liver.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Free Radicals ; metabolism ; Liver ; metabolism ; ultrastructure ; Lycium ; chemistry ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Physical Endurance ; physiology ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Swimming ; physiology

Metagenomic cosmid libraries containing 1.26 x 10(5) clones, covering about 4.8 x 10(6) kb metagenomic DNA of uncultured microorganisms from the contents of buffalo rumens were constructed, and 118 independent clones expressing beta-glucosidase activity were isolated from the libraries. Screening of these clones showed that eight clones expressed relatively higher beta-glucosidase activity at pH 5.0 and 37 degrees C. One out of the eight clones was subcloned. Sequencing analysis showed that an open reading frame (ORF) of 2223 bp, termed umcel3G, potentially encodes a beta-glucosidase. The encoded product shared highest homology with a beta-glucosidase from Bacillus sp. at 60% identity and 73% similarity. The umcel3G was over-expressed in Escherichia coli and the size of the translated product Umcel3G on SDS-PAGE was in agreement with the predicted molecular mass. Zymogram analysis showed that Umcel3G exhibited beta-glucosidase activity, confirming that this ORF encodes a beta-glucosidase. The Umcel3G, purified with Ni-NTA column, exhibited optimal activity at pH 6.0-6.5 and 45 degrees C. Certain ions such as Ca2+, Zn2+ had significant positive effect on the activity of Umcel3G. However, some ions such as Fe3+, Cu2+ gave significant inhibitory effect on the enzyme. The Ni-NTA purified recombinant beta-glucosidase Umcel3G had a specific activity of 22.8 IU/mg at pH4.5, 35 degrees C and at the presence of 5 mmol/L Ca2+, indicating that this enzyme has potential applications in the fermentative production of ethanol by simultaneous saccharification and cofermentation (SSCF) of lignocelluloses.
Animals ; Bacteria ; enzymology ; genetics ; Buffaloes ; Cloning, Molecular ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Open Reading Frames ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Rumen ; microbiology ; beta-Glucosidase ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; isolation & purification

Neurogenic bowel dysfunction (NBD) manifested as constipation and fecal incontinence often occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI).NBD affects patients' quality of life and is an urgent clinical problem to be solved.The mechanism of NBD is related to central and autonomic nervous system dysfunction,intestinal nervous system dysfunction,changes in intestinal microorganism composition and abnormal content of neurotransmitters.The evaluation method of NBD is mainly based on scoring and imaging,which lacks unified criteria,and the treatment method for NBD is the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine.The author summarizes the mechanism,evaluation method,treatment and nursing of NBD in order to provide new insight into these aspects to improve clinical efficacy.

Objective:To analyze the distribution of clinically isolated fungal strains and their resistance to common antifungal drugs in Shandong province.Methods:Through the Shandong Children’s Bacterial & Fungal Drug Resistance Surveillance and Research Collaborative Network, a total of 1 030 fungi were collected in 46 hospitals of Shandong province from January 1 to December 31, 2018. The source and type of strains were analyzed, and antifungal drug sensitivity tests were performed by using the micro-dilution method. Whonet 5.6 and SPSS 22.0 were applied to analyze the data.Results:The overall main strains were Candida albicans (38.74%, 399/1 030), Candida tropicalis (16.99%, 175/1 030) and Candida parapsilosis (16.41%, 169/1 030); the main fungi strains in child patients were C. albicans (52.50%, 63/120), C. parapsilosis (12.50%, 15/120) and C. tropicalis (9.17%, 11/120); the main fungi strains in adult patients were C. albicans (36.37%, 331/910), C. tropicalis (17.03%, 155/910) and C. parapsilosis (15.27%, 139/910). The isolation rate of main Candida strains from January to March and August to December was much higher than that of other months. The drug resistance rates of C. albicans to fluconazole and voriconazole were 7.14% and 7.43%, respectively, and the drug resistance rates to itraconazole were 50.44%. The resistance rates of C. tropicalis to fluconazole, voriconazole and itraconazole were 29.05%, 23.29% and 48.65%, respectively. The sensitivity rates of C. parapsilosi to fluconazole, voriconazole and itraconazole were 93.06%, 93.75% and 94.44%, respectively. Candida glabrata showed a dose-dependent sensitivity rate of 2.33% to fluconazole. Analysis of 244 blood fungi strains showed that non-candida albicans bacteremia accounted for 70.08%. In the pathogen spectrum covering 92.22%, fluconazole was sensitive to 64.65% of the pathogens, voriconazole was 68.88%, and amphotericin B was 88.75%. After quantification, the effective rates of fluconazole, voriconazole and amphotericin B in the clinical treatment of fungal bacteremia were 70.10%, 74.69% and 96.23%, respectively. Among them, the sensitivity rate of voriconazole to C. tropicalis was lower than that of fluconazole. Conclusions:Candida is the main clinical fungus isolates in hospitals of Shandong province. The resistance rate of C. tropicalis to azole antifungal drugs is on the rise, and the sensitivity of other Candida species to clinically used antifungal drugs is basically stable.

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have confirmed that Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction can promote the recovery of spinal cord injury by inhibiting pyroptosis of splenic B cells,promoting the phagocytosis of myelin debris by microvascular endothelial cells,affecting the migration and infiltration of microglia,promoting the recovery of damaged neurons,and decreasing neuronal apoptosis after spinal cord injury,but the mechanism of this is still not clear. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction on the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in mice following spinal cord injury. METHODS:Thirty-six C57BL/6 mice were selected and randomly divided into a sham-operation group,a model group and a Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction group,with 12 mice in each group.In the model and Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction groups,mouse models of T10 spinal cord injury were prepared by the modified Allen's method.On the 1st day after modeling,the Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction group was given Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction by gavage,and the sham-operation group and the model group were given saline by gavage once a day for 28 days.During the drug administration period,mouse motor function was evaluated by Basso Mouse Scale score and inclined plane test.On the 7th and 28th days after modeling,hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the histopathological changes in the spinal cord tissue of the mice;immunofluorescence double staining was used to detect the protein expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1(IBA1)and TREM2;and western blot assay was used to detect the expression of TREM2,PI3K,p-PI3K,Akt,p-Akt,Bcl2,Bax and Caspase3 in spinal cord tissue. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Basso Mouse Scale scores and inclined plane test results indicated that the motor function of the mouse hindlimbs was declined after spinal cord injury,and Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction significantly improved motor function in mice with spinal cord injury.Hematoxylin-eosin staining results revealed that Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction significantly ameliorated the pathological structure of spinal cord tissue compared with the model group,manifesting as reduced degrees of dorsal white matter and neuronal atrophy,decreased cytoplasmic vacuolization,and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration.Immunofluorescence double staining results showed that on the 7th day after modeling,the protein expression of IBA1 and TREM2 in the model group was lower than that in the sham-operation group(P＜0.05),and the protein expression of IBA1 and TREM2 in the Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction group was higher than that in the model group(P＜0.05);on the 28th day after modeling,the protein expression of TREM2 in the model group was lower than that in the sham-operation group(P＜0.05),and the protein expression of TREM2 in the spinal cord tissue of the mice in the Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction group was higher than that in the model group(P＜0.05).Western blot results analysis demonstrated that on the 7th day after modeling,compared with the sham-operation group,the model group exhibited a significant reduction in TREM2,PI3K,and Bcl2/Bax(P＜0.05),as well as a significant increase in p-Akt,Bax and p-Akt/Aktp-PI3K(P＜0.05);compared with the model group,the Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction group showed a significant increase in TREM2,PI3K,p-PI3K,Akt,p-Akt,Bcl2,p-PI3K/PI3K,p-Akt/Ak,and Bcl2/Bax(P＜0.05),as well as a significant decrease in Bax and Caspase3 protein expression(P＜0.05).On the 28th day after modeling,compared with the sham-operation group,the model group exhibited a significant reduction in TREM2,PI3K,p-PI3K,Akt,p-Akt,Bcl2 and Bcl2/Bax(P＜0.05),as well as a significant increase in Bax protein expression(P＜0.05);compared with the model group,the Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction group showed a significant increase in TREM2,PI3K,Akt,p-Akt,Bcl2,and Bcl2/Bax(P＜0.05),as well as a significant decrease in Bax protein expression(P＜0.05).To conclude,Wen-Shen-Tong-Du Decoction may activate the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by up-regulating the expression of TREM2 protein in microglia,and then inhibit neuronal apoptosis,thus exerting neuroprotective effects and promoting the repair of spinal cord injury.