In this study, radioimmunoassay (RIA) was performed to measure the change of immunoreactive-oxytocin (ir-OT) content in rat brain' nuclei related pain modulation, spinal cord, pituitary, adrenal gland and plasma by electroacupuncture "Zusanli" (EA) for 30rnin or pain stimulation for 2min. In the EA group, OT content was decreased greatly in the hypothalamic supraoptic N., while increased significantly in the hypothalamic ventromedial N., raphe magnus N., globus pallidus, spinal cord and adrenal gland, and there were no significant change in the hypothalamic paraventricular N., raphe dorsal N., locus ceruleus, pituitary arid plasma. There were also significant changes of OT content in rat brain, spinal cord and pituitary in the pain stimulation group, which are different from those of the EA group. The above results suggest that the changes of OT content in the EA group are specific, and provide evidence for involvement of endogenous OT in the central nervous system in acupuncture analgesia

Objective:To explore the clinicopathological factors in node-negative colon cancer patients with synchronous liver metasta-ses and to improve the efficiency of follow-up and rate of early diagnosis for high-risk patients. Methods:Clinical data of 140 colon cancer patients who underwent operation from January 2008 to December 2012 in Beijing Cancer Hospital were analyzed. The high-risk variables associated with synchronous liver metastases were subjected to univariate and multivariate analyses. Results:Synchro-nous liver metastases developed in 13 out of the 140 node-negative colon cancer patients. Eight out of those 13 patients (61.5%) ex-hibited complications with incomplete colon obstruction, and 6 cases underwent surgical treatment for both primary tumor and liver metastases. Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that preoperative abnormal serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels (≥5 ng/mL) and vascular invasion were significant independent risk factors for synchronous liver metastases. Conclusion:The risk of syn-chronous liver metastases for colon cancer patients with negative lymph node is slightly high. Vascular invasion and abnormal preoper-ative CEA levels are significant independent risk factors for synchronous liver metastases. Specific examination of livers is necessary for the special cohort at the time of diagnosis or after operation to avoid misdiagnosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The retrospective cohort study was adopted.The clinical data of 210 patients with gastric cancer who underwent laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy at the Peking University Cancer Hospital between May 2009 and December 2012 were collected.Fifty-two,43 and 115 patients were respectively detected in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ of postoperative pathological stage.Laparoscopy-assisted radical distal,proximal and total gastrectomies were selectively performed according to the location and extent of tumors.(1) Overall treatment indicators were observed,including surgical procedure,with or without conversion to open surgery,operation time,volumes of intraoperative blood loss and transfusion,number of lymph node dissected,time to anal exsufflation,duration of hospital stay,occurrence of complications,radical degree of tumors of pathological examination.(2) Other indicators were observed,including pathological features of patients in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ [gender,age,body mass index (BMI),scores of American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA),medicinal complication,location of tumors,degree of tumor differentiation and with or without vascular tumor thrombi],intraoperative and postoperative situations (surgical procedure,conversion to open surgery,operation time,volumes of intraoperative blood loss and transfusion,number of lymph node dissected,time to anal exsufflation,duration of hospital stay and radical degree of tumors),postoperative complications,reoperation,death within postoperative day 30 and during follow-up,3-and 5-year survival rates.(3) Evaluation criteria:stages and classification of tumors were evaluated according to the tumor node metastasis (TNM) classification of malignant tumours (Seventh Edition) published by American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and Union for International Cancer Control (UICC).Severity of complications was evaluated according to Clavien-Dindo classification.Patients were followed up by outpatient examination,telephone interview and correspondence once every half a year up to December 31,2015,abdominal / pelvic CT,chest X-ray and blood test were performed once every half a year within 2 years and once every year within 2-5 years postoperatively,and gastroscopy was performed once every year.Overall survival time was counted from operation date to end of follow-up or time of death.Measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x ± s and comparison between groups was analyzed using the ANOVA.Measurement data with skewed distribution were presented as M (range) and comparison between groups was analyzed using nonparametric test.Comparisons of count data were analyzed using the chisquare test.Survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method,and survival analysis was done using the Logrank test.Results (1) Overall treatment:all the 210 patients underwent successful radical gastrectomy,including 100 undergoing distal gastrectomy,35 undergoing proximal gastrectomy and 75 undergoing total gastrectomy.There were 198 patients undergoing radical gastrectomy and 12 patients converted to open surgery.Operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,number of patients with blood transfusion and number of lymph node dissected were (258 ± 54) minutes,(103 ± 86) mL,19 and 29 ± 12,respectively.Postoperative recovery:time to anal exsufflation and duration of hospital stay were (3.8 ± 0.9) days and (17 ± 7) days.Fortyfive patients had postoperative complications and 2 were dead within 30 days postoperatively.R0 and R1 resections were respectively applied to 209 and 1 patients.(2) Comparisons among the patients with the different pathological stage:numbers of patients in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were 9,17 and 36 with tumor located in the upper stomach,3,9 and 22 with tumor located in the middle stomach,40,16 and 47 with tumor located in the lower stomach,0,1 and 10 with tumor located in the cross-region stomach,30,23 and 23 in G1 and G2 of tumor differentiation,21,19 and 92 in G3 and G4 of tumor differentiation,7,13 and 69 with vascular tumor thrombi,respectively,with significant differences in above indicators among the patients in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ (x2 =25.990,32.928,35.027,P ＜ 0.05).(3) Intra-and post-operative comparisons among the patients with the different pathological stage:numbers of patients in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲl were respectively 40,20 and 40 with distal gastrectomy,3,8 and 24 with proximal gastrectomy,9,15 and 51 with total gastrectomy,and number of lymph node dissected were 26 ± 9,29 ± 13 and 31 ± 12 in patients with stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,showing significant differences in above indicators among the patients in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ (x2 =25.730,F =4.336,P ＜ 0.05).(4) Numbers of patients with postoperative overall complications were 11,8 and 26 in stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,showing no significant difference (x2 =0.301,P ＞ 0.05).(5) Of 210 patients,203 were followed up for a median time of 43 months (range,1-80 months) with a follow-up rate of 96.67％ (203/210).Sixty-eight patients were dead till the end of follow-up,including 60 died of recurrence of tumor,2 died of surgical complications and 6 died of other causes.Postoperative 3-,5-year overall survival rates were 96.1％,87.8％,62.4％ and 92.9％,77.5％,52.7％ in patients with stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,respectively,with a significant difference (x2 =29.071,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer is at least equivalent to early gastric cancer in the safety,with the satisfactory long-term outcomes.

The contents of ir-oxytocin (it-OT), ir-Arg-yasopressin (ir-AVP) and ir-?-endorphin (ir-?-EP) in hypothalamus, pituitary and plasma were measured by. radioimmunoassay (RIA) when the rats were swimming. It was showed that the ir-OT contents in hypothalamus, pituitary and plasma were significantly increased in the animals having swum 1, 5, 15 and 20min (P

OBJECTIVETo study the lignans components in rat serum after oral administration of Fuzheng Huayu decoction (FZHY), and to investigate the active ingredients in vivo.

METHODA rapid, sensitive and selective method using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MSn) was established. The serum samples were extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc)for three times. The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Atlantis T3 column by gradient elution using methanol and water containing 5 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate as mobile phase, at a flow rate of 0.2 mL x min(-1). Mass spectra were acquired in positive ion mode. Identification and structural elucidation of the components in FZHY and dosed serum were performed by comparing their retention time and MSn spectra with those of reference compounds and reported data in the literatures.

RESULTSchisandrin, schisandrol B, schisantherin A and schisandrin B were found in FZHY and dosed serum, but schisandrin C and deoxyschizandrin were only found in FZHY.

CONCLUSIONSchisandrin, schisandrol B, schisantherin A and schisandrin B can be directly absorbed into the blood after oral administration of FZHY, and the four lignans components from Schisandra chineisis might play a key role as the ingredient basement of FZHY for anti-liver fibrosis.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; methods ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Lignans ; blood ; Male ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

BACKGROUND: Human keratinocyte growth factor-2 (hKGF-2) has extensive physiological functions, which plays an important role in embryonic development, tissue-repairing, nervous regeneration, vascularization and development of tumor.OBJECTIVE: To clone hKGF-2 gene, obtain the expression of hKGF-2 in Escherichia coli(E.coli) and determine its bioactivity, so as to provide experimental basis for further investigation.DESIGN: Open experiment.SETTING: Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted in State Key Laboratory of Viral Genetic Engineering, Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The temperature control expression vector pBV220 was constructed by State Key Laboratory of Viral Genetic Engineering; EcoR Ⅰ , BamH Ⅰ , T4 DNA ligase (Promega Co., Ltd.); The specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of hKGF-2 (Manufactured by Shanghai Boya Biotechnology Co., Ltd.); Heparin-Sepharose CL-6B (Pharmacia Company); PCR rapid purification kit,Trizol kits for total RNA extract, Kits for RT-PCR (GIBCO Co., Ltd.); Kits for rapid extraction of plasmid DNA (Boda Company); BL-21-codon plus compent cells (Stratagene Co., Ltd.).METHODS: High-expression strain BL-21 codon plus competent cells was used to express and purify initially recombinant hKGF-2 protein, and its activity was detected. RT-PCR was adopted to obtain hKGF-2 cDNA from lung tissues of naturally aborted fetus and clone it into pBV220 carri er plasmid. The hKGF-2 protein expressed in BL-21 codon plus competent cells of E.coli. Affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography were applied in isolation and purification, and the bioactivity of expression protein was determined in cell proliferation test.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The length and sequence of cDNA segment in hKGF-2, the expression of hKGF-2 gene inE.coli and the purification of hKGF-2 activity.RESULTS: The segment of hKGF-2 cNDA was about 500 bp, and hKGF-2 protein highly expressed in BL-21, which had soluble expression in the supernatant. SDS-PAGE showed that the relative molecular mass was about 20000, and hKGF-2 protein could significantly promote the mitotic activity of NIH3T3 cells. The A value (490 nm) of hKGF-2 in the 1 μg/L, 5 μg/L and 10 μg/L groupswere higher than that in the blank control group, and the differences were significant (which were 0.174±0.022,0.220±0.029,0.306±0.050,0.066±0.004 respectively,P ＜ 0.001).CONCLUSION: hKGF-2 gene is successfully cloned, which highly expresses in BL-21 of the E.coli. Purified hKGF-2 protein can stimulate the proliferation of NIH3T3 cells and significantly promote its mitotic activity.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the short- and long-term outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy between elderly and non-elderly patients with gastric cancer. Methods: A total of 219 patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted radical gastrectomy in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery IV, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute from April 2009 to October 2013 were included in this retrospective study. All patients were divided into elderly (≥65 years) and non- elderly (<65 years)groups. We compared these groups based on clinicopathological characteristics, postoperative morbidities, and survival. Results:Theelderly group showed higher ASA scores and higher number of preoperative comorbidities (P<0.05). The operative time, blood loss,and conversion rate did not differ significantly between the groups (all P>0.05). The mean time to first ambulation in elderly group was 2.2±2.3d while first ambulation time in the non-elderly group was 1.4±1.3d,which showed significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed between groups in terms of postoperativemorbidities (34.8％ vs. 28.5％, P> 0.05) as well as 3-year disease-free survival and overall survival (P>0.05). However, the elderly patients withpostoperative morbidities experienced significantly poorer overall survival rate than non-elderly patients (44.5％ vs. 70.5％, P<0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy can be safely and successfully performed in an elderly population with acceptable short- and long-term outcomes.Enhanced perioperative treatment is necessary to improve postoperative outcomes.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the methods for assessing angiogenesis in experimental liver fibrosis.

METHODSMale C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a normal (unmodeled) group and a liver fibrosis model group.The model was established by a 4-week course of 10% CCl4 solution (in olive oil) intraperitoneal injection. Liver vasculature was observed by magnetic resonance (MR),computed tomography (CT),synchrotron radiation X-ray,and von Willibrand factor(vWF) immunofluorescence staining. Liver inflammation and fibrosis were observed by staining with hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius red.The t-test and Pearson's correlation analysis were used for statistical analyses.

RESULTSCompared with the normal group,the model group had more robust inflammation and fibrosis in liver tissue.The liver tissue in the modeled mice showed significant deceases in MR signal intensity on T2WI before and after enhancement (386.67+/-69.04 vs.492.67+/-112.50,t =-2.456, P=0.026).The liver tissue in the modeled mice also showed significantly decreased enhancement CT values (P < 0.01).Synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging showed that the small vessels in the liver tissues of the modeled mice were significantly increased compared to that in the normal mice (P < 0.01).The MR T2W enhanced signal value (439.67+/-104.80, Pearson's r=0.714, P=0.009) and microvascular relative length (676.53+/-122.75, Pearson's r=0.791, P=0.002) were positive correlated with microvessel density (MVD) (14.50+/-5.95),as shown by detection of labeled vWF.The before and after CT enhancement difference (132.60+/-57.02, Pearson's r=-0.612, P=0.034) was negatively correlated with MVD.

CONCLUSIONs MR,CT and synchrotron radiation X-ray imaging can be used for assessing angiogenesis in liver fibrosis,and the findings from each are correlated with the traditional MVD detection method. The two-dimensional imaging of synchrotron radiation X-ray is more intuitive,and has been confirmed as an effective evaluation method for liver angiogenesis.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Inflammation ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis ; pathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Synchrotrons ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective:To investigate whether increased levels of preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and CA199 were associated with the mortality of patients with advanced colorectal cancer and to determine whether CA199 can be used to discriminate patients with normal preoperative CEA level from good to poor prognosis. Methods:A total of 314 patients with advanced colorectal cancer cases who underwent primary tumor resection were collected from 2014 to 2016 at Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute. Preoperative CEA and CA199 serum levels were examined using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. The association of CEA and CA199 with clinicopathologic features and their possible prognostic values were analyzed. Results:In the tested patients, 5.4%of whom had increased CA199 level but not up-regulated CEA level, whereas 28.3%only had increased CEA level, and 21.3%had both CEA and CA199 levels increased. Kaplan-Meier survival curves indicated that patients with elevated preoperative CEA level had worse disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with normal CEA (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, patients with elevated CA199 level had worse DFS and OS than those with normal CA199 (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Preoperative CA199 level could be used in discriminating patients with normal CEA from good to poor prognosis (P=0.012). Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated CA199 level was an independent prognostic factor for OS in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (HR=2.025, 95%CI=1.331-3.082, P=0.001). Conclusion:Combined detection of preoperative CEA and CA199 can be used in evaluating the prognosis of patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Preoperative serum CA199 level can be used in evaluating the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer without an increase in CEA level. Patients with increased CA199 level had worse 5-year survival than those with increased CEA level.

Background:Doxycycline can be used in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection,but there is a lack of large sample study to confirm its efficacy and safety.Aims:To explore the efficacy and safety of doxycycline in the eradication of Hp infection.Methods:Literatures on doxycycline and other antibiotics in the eradication of Hp infection were retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang data,VIP,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library from the date of database establishment to October 2023.Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 software.Results:Nineteen literatures including 3 686 patients with Hp infection were enrolled.Both intention-to-treat(ITT)eradication rate(82.51%vs.73.65%;OR=1.72,95%CI:1.42-2.07,P<0.000 01)and per-protocol(PP)eradication rate(88.96%vs.78.06%;OR=1.63,95%CI:1.28-2.06,P<0.000 1)of doxycycline-based regimen were significantly higher than those of non-doxycycline regimens.The adverse reaction rate of doxycycline-based regimen was significantly lower than that of non-doxycycline regimens(8.35%vs.15.01%;OR=0.55,95%CI:0.42-0.71,P<0.000 01).Subgroup analysis showed that Hp eradication rate of doxycycline-based regimen was significantly higher than that of clarithromycin-based regimen(OR=2.67,95%CI:1.84-3.88,P<0.000 01)and levofloxacin-based regimen(OR=2.20,95%CI:1.50-3.22,P<0.000 1),however,no significant difference in Hp eradication rate was found between doxycycline-based regimen and amoxicillin-based regimen(OR=1.09,95%CI:0.78-1.52,P=0.61)and tetracycline-based regimen(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.33-2.26,P=0.77).Conclusions:The eradication rate of doxycycline-based regimen in the eradication of Hp is significantly higher than that of non-doxycycline regimens,and the adverse reaction rate is low,which is worthy of clinical application.