Objective To explore the effects of Kangshuaiyizhi capsule on ChAT/AchE and NE, DA and 5-HT levels in the brain tissue of aging model rats, and explore its effect of protecting cerebral function. Methods Totally 72 rats were randomly divided into normal group and model group. The subacutely aging model rats were made by injecting D-gal (0.125 g/kg) into abdominal cavity continually, then aging rats were divided by random number table into model group, Naofukang group and Kangshuaiyizhi high-, low-dose group. After intervented with correspongding drugs for 60 days, activity of ChAT and AchE, cerebral cortex NE, DA, and 5-HT levels were detected. Results Activity of AchE was much higher (P<0.05), but level of ChAT, NE, DA and 5-HT in model group were significantly downregulated compared with normal group (P<0.05). After treated with Kangshuaiyizhi capsule, activity of AchE was downregulated, ChAT, NE, DA and 5-HT levels were significantly upregulated (P <0.01, P <0.05). Conclusion Kangshuaiyizhi capsule can regulate cholinergic and monoamine neurotransmitter levels in the brain tissue of aging model rats, and play a very important role in protecting cerebral function.

Objective Post-transcription RNA interference (RNAi) is more and more widely applied in multigene therapy.This study aimed to establish an subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor (SXT) model of human HT-29 colon carcinoma in nude mice and investigate the effects of the survivin shRNA-APC double gene co-expression lentiviral vector on the growth of SXT.Methods Thirty-five nude mice were equally divided into five groups, double-gene survivin shRNA, survivin shRNA, APC, empty vector, and blank, and injected into the left anterior axillary with respective stably transfected cell lines and human HT-29 colon carcinoma cells, all at 2×106/mL, to establish an SXT model of human HT-29 colon carcinoma.The inhibition rate of tumor growth was calculated by measuring the size and weight of the SXT, the expressions of survivin mRNA and protein in the tumor tissue detected by real time PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively, and the apoptosis of the HT-29 colon carcinoma cells determined by TUNEL.Results The mean size and weight of the SXT were significantly reduced in the double-gene survivin shRNA-APC, survivin shRNA, and APC groups as compared with the blank and empty vector groups (P<0.05), though increased in the survivin shRNA and APC groups in comparison with the double-gene group (P<0.05).The expressions of survivin mRNA and protein in the tumor tissue were remarkably lower in the double-gene survivin shRNA-APC, survivin shRNA, and APC groups than in the blank and empty vector groups (P<0.05), even lower in the double-gene group than in the survivin shRNA, and APC groups (P<0.05).The apoptosis rate of the HT-29 colon carcinoma cells was markedly up-regulated in the double-gene survivin shRNA-APC ([56.72±3.17]%), survivin shRNA ([33.64±2.03]%), and APC groups ([31.19±1.79]%) as compared with the blank ([9.89±0.31]%) and empty vector groups ([10.06±0.43]%) (P<0.05), even more significantly in the double-gene than in the survivin shRNA and APC groups (P<0.05).Conclusion The survivin shRNA-APC double gene co-expression lentiviral vector can reduce the expression level the survivin gene, promote the apoptosis of colon carcinoma cells, and suppress the growth of the subcutaneous xenotransplanted tumor.

Objective To compare with the effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) between the left and the right prefrontal on refractory negative symptoms and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Methods 80 hospitalized schizophrenics with refractory negative symptoms were divided into study group (n=40) and control group (n=40) randomly. Both groups were received 4-week treatment of 10 Hz rTMS. The stimulus lo?cation of the study group was the left prefrontal, and the control group was the right prefrontal. The type and dose of anti?psychotics remained unchanged during the treatment. The evaluation of positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS) and the measurement of BDNF concentration before treatment and after 4 weeks treatment was analyzed. Results Com?pared with before treatment, the total score of PANSS after treatment significantly decreased (P<0.05) both in the study group [(71.2±13.8) vs. (63.3±11.4)] and the control group [(70.3±13.4) vs. (63.7±12.2)]. The score of negative symptoms in the study group decreased [(22.8±6.6) vs. (18.4±5.9), P<0.01]. The BDNF concentration increased in the study group ](6.78±2.16) vs. (8.74±2.76)] and the control group [(6.83±2.32) vs. (8.66±2.70)]. Conclusion 10Hz rTMS on the left pre?frontal combined with drugs are helpful to improve the refractory negative symptom of the patients with schizophrenia. Stimulation on both left and right prefrontal lobe could increase serum BDNF concentration.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different doses of PcTx1,a specific blocker of acid-sensing ion channel 1a,on global cerebral ischemia/repedfusion (I/R) injury in rats,MethodsSixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats (weighing 250-300 g) were randomly divided into 6 grups ( n =10 each):sham operation group (group S),I/R group,different doses of PcTx1 ( 10 ng/ml,group P1 ; 25 ng/ml,group P2 ; 50 ng/ml,group P3 ;and 500 ng/ml,group P4 ) groups.Global cerebral ischemia was induced by the modified procedure of Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion.In groups P1,P2,P3 and P4,different doses of PcTx1 ( 10,25,50 and 500 ng/ml),6 μl each,were respectively injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle at the initiation of reperfusion,while equal volume of double distilled water was injected instead in group I/R.Six rats in each group were sacrificed at 24 h of reperfusion,and the brains were immediately removed,Thereafter,the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA),reduced glutathione (GSH) and ritric oxide (NO),the activities of constitutive NO synthase (eNOS) snd inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were detected in hippocampus.Four rats in each group were sacrificed at 72 h of reperfusion,and hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of the hippocampal neurons.ResultsCompared with group S,the other groups showed decreases in the contents of GSH,while increases in the contents of MDA and NO and the activities of cNOS and iNOS ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).The contents of GSH increased,while the contents of MDA and NO and the activities of cNOS and iNOS decreased in groups P2,P3 and P4 compared with group I/R ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group P1,the contents of GSH increased,the contents of MDA and the activities of cNOS decreased in groups P2,P3 and P4,and the contents of NO and the activities of iNOS decreased in groups P3 and P4 ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).Compared with group P2,the activities of iNOS decreased in groups P3 and P4(P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The damage to neurons in hippocampal CAI was severe in groups I/R and P1,but it was attenuated in groups P3 and P4.ConclusionPcTx1 25,50 and 500 ng/ml (6 μl)injected into lateral cerebral ventricle can attenuate global cerebral I/R injury in rats,and the dose 50 ng/ml (6 μl) is more suitable.

Objective Studies show that the abnormal ex-pressions of APC and survivin play important roles in the development and progression of colon cancer .Survivin shRNA and APC double gene co-expression lentiviral vector was constructed to observe whether it could be successfully expressed in HT-29 colon cancer cells and whether it could impact on colon cancer cell apoptosis . Methods We selected the best shRNA interference fragment from the construc-tion of three pairs of complementary shRNA fragments and connected it with the effective fragment of APC ( aa1020-1698 ) to construct a double gene co-expression lentiviral vector .HT-29 cells were divid-ed into experimental group , empty loading group and blank group .HT-29 cells were observed by fluorescence microscopy after infec-tion.Survivin and APC expression levels were observed by real time PCR and western blot .Apoptosis was detected by caspase-3 activi-ty assay. Results ①We successfully constructed three pairs of shRNA sequences and proved that they had no human gene homolo -gous to the rest.Real time PCR analysis showed that the best sequence was shRNA 3.②After the sequence alignment of constructed shRNA vectors, three pairs of shRNA sequences were completely the same with the first designed sequence .Green fluorescence was observed in HT-29 cells by fluorescence microscope .The survivin content in experiment group (31.71 ±1.49) was significantly de-creased compared with empty loading group (100 ±0) and blank group(95.12 ±2.15)(P<0.05).The expression level of APC mR-NA was significantly increased compared with empty loading group (0 ±0) and blank group(0.51 ±0.15)(P<0.05).③The relative ratio of apoptosis in experiment group (0.573 ±0.050) was significantly increased compared with empty loading group (0.390 ± 0.040) and blank group(0.407 ±0.030)(P<0.05). Conclusion We have successfully constructed survivin-shRNA-APC double gene co-expression lentiviral vector which can be successfully expressed in HT-29 colon cancer cells , providing references for subse-quent gene therapy by the use of the carrier .

Objective To investigate the effect of Yiqi Jianpi herb on content of NPY, VIP and expression of Mapk14 mRNA of rats with spleen-qi deficiency. Methods Rats were randomly divided into normal groups, model group (observed on 7 d, 14 d and 21 d), treatment group of Yiqi Jianpi herb, 10 rats in each group. The spleen-qi deficient model rats were made by rhubarb, exhaustive and hungry method, and treatment group was treated with Sijunzi decoction (20 g/kg) for 21 d, then the content of NPY, VIP in serum and small intestine were evaluated with radioimmunoassay, and expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue was evaluated with real time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results In model group, content of NPY was much lower than that of normal group (P<0.05), content of VIP and relative expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue were much higher than that of normal group (P<0.05), the difference was obvious in 21 d group. Compared with model 21 d group, content of NPY was increased (P<0.05), content of VIP and relative expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue were decreased (P<0.05) in treatment group. Conclusion Yiqi Jianpi herb has functions of adjusting NPY, VIP secretion and inhibiting abnormal expression of Mapk14 mRNA.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes of ghrelin of spleen-qi-deficiency rats and the intervention effects ofSijunzi Decoction.Methods Experimental rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group andSijunzi Decoction group. Except for normal control group, spleen-qi-deficiency model was copied through the two-factor methods of breaking qi by bitter cold and swimming exhausted. Meanwhile,Sijunzi Decoction group was given 20 g/(kg?d)Sijunzi Decoction intervention. The activities of GAS, MTL, SS and VIP at different time points (14, 21, 28 d) in intestine and serum were detected by ELISA and RIA. At the same time the intervention effect of Sijunzi Decoction was studied.Results Compared with normal control group, GAS and MTL in intestine and serum of model rats decreased, while SS and VIP increased (P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with model group, GAS and MTL in intestine and serum of rats in theSijunzi Decoction group increased, while SS and VIP decreased (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion Ghrelin in intestine and serum of spleen-qi-deficiency rats shows dynamic coincidental changes.Sijunzi Decoction can treat spleen qi deficiency by regulating the activities of rat ghrelin.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of aorta-iliac bypass total thoracoabdominal aorta aneurysm repair to spinal cord function.

METHODSThis was a prospective study. From June 2014 to April 2015, 31 patients underwent total thoracoabdominal aorta aneurysm repair were treated with aorta-iliac bypass technique. There were 23 male and 8 female patients with a mean age of (36±12) years. A 4-branched tetrafurcate graft was used. The aorta-iliac bypass was established, then distal descending aorta was perfused in a retrograde fashion via bypass graft. Thoracic and abdominal aorta were replaced in a staged fashion. Evoked potentials (EP) monitoring was adopted to assess the spinal cord ischemia throughout the procedure. The intraoperative evoked potentials results, clinical outcomes and follow-up results of this technique were evaluated.

RESULTSThe EP wave disappeared after proximal descending aorta clamped and gradually recovered after the patent segmental arteries reattached. Motor evoked potentials disappeared for (56±18) minutes, somatosensory evoked potentials disappeared for (50±19) minutes. The EP wave was restored to normal at the end of operation in all cases. The somatosensory evoked potentials remained unchanged in 2 cases (false negative). One case died after operation. There were acute kidney dysfunction in 3 cases, and pulmonary haemorrhage in 1 case. No spinal cord injure occurred. The median follow-up after operation was 8 months (ranging from 1 to 11 months). There was no delayed neurologic deficit or relative death.

CONCLUSIONSThere is a transient function loss of spinal cord during the aorta-iliac bypass total thoracoabdominal aorta aneurysm repair. But the process is reversible. The technique of the aorta-iliac bypass is practicable.

Adult ; Aorta, Abdominal ; surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal ; surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; surgery ; Evoked Potentials, Motor ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Cord ; physiopathology ; Vascular Surgical Procedures ; adverse effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of processing adjuvants-different types of processing vinegar on effective constituents in rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo, and evaluate the quality of different types of vinegar in China.

METHODThe HPLC method was adopted to determine the extraction solubility of dl-tetrahydropalmation and total alkaloids in rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo processed by vinegar. The sample extracts were separated on kromasil ODS column with mobile phase of methanol-1% phosphoric acid solution(65:35) and detection wavelength was 280 nm.

RESULTThere was a remarkable increase in extraction solubility of dl-tetrahydropalmation and total alkaloids in the rhizoma of Corydalis yanhusuo processed by the vinegar products with high content of total acids or with known trademarks.

CONCLUSIONSome types of vinegar with known trademarks had been preliminarily selected for the process of Chinese traditional medicine and they also met the requitrement of processing adjuvants with medicine grade. The results will be benefited to the foundation of standardization of vinegar.

Acetic Acid ; classification ; Alkaloids ; analysis ; Berberine Alkaloids ; analysis ; Corydalis ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVEGastroenteritis is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality worldwide. Adenovirus AdV is recognized to be one of the most important pathogens associated with severe dehydrating gastroenteritis. Studies reported elsewhere have shown that about 8%-10% of cases with infantile diarrhea are caused by AdV and in some areas AdV diarrhea even occurred in the form of outbreaks. Studies have confirmed that AdV infections are also very common in infants and young children in China. This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiologic characteristics of human adenovirus diarrhea among infants and children with acute diarrhea in Lanzhou, Gansu province, China.

METHODStool specimen and case information were collected from both outpatients and inpatients with acute diarrhea in Lanzhou. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect AdV in stool specimens. The subjects included 709 urban children and 180 rural children, their age ranged from 19 d to 60 months.

RESULTOf the 889 cases, 43 (4.8%) were found positive for AdV. AdV was detected in 14 of 257 (5.4%) cases seen from July 2005 to June 2006, in 4 of 286 cases (1.4%) seen from July 2006 to June 2007. During the period of July 2007 to June 2008, adenovirus was detected in 346 specimens, the positive rate was 7.2% (25/346). AdV detection rates of the three-year period were significantly different. The major AdV subtypes detected were adenovirus (subgenus F) Ad40, Ad41 with a positive rate of 3.8% (34/889), followed by non-enteric adenovirus (Ad12, Ad18, Ad31, Ad2, Ad5, Ad6, Ad7) with a positive rate of 1.0% (9/889) in Lanzhou during the 3 years. Most of the AdV-positive specimens showed Ad41 group F (67.4%, 29/43) as the major epidemic strains, and Ade infection mainly occurred in children under one year of age and no seasonal cluster was found.

CONCLUSIONAdenovirus was one of the major etiological agent of viral diarrhea among infants and children in Lanzhou between 2005 and 2008. Ad41 was the prodomiment serotype.

Adenovirus Infections, Human ; epidemiology ; Adenoviruses, Human ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea, Infantile ; epidemiology ; virology ; Feces ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Molecular Epidemiology