Objective To give a summary of the current researches on hematopoietic stem cell niche.Methods Through extensive reviewing the related domestic and abroad literatures,the present summary reviews the compo- nents of hematopoietic stem cell niche,related cell factors and related cell signaling pathway participating in regula- tion of hematopoietic stem cell.Results The activities of hematopoietic stem cells are regulated by the niche(micro- environment),which is composed of hematopoietic stem cell and its surrounding cells.The regulation cannot be completed through one signaling pathway.Also,the self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cell can- not be completed only through osteoblastic cells.Conclusion The niche regulates hematopoietic stem cells by differ- ent ways.With study in-depth,we will comprehensively understand the nature of stem cells and the study will pro- vide a broader space to stem cell-based therapy.

The contents of the individual fractions of glucose oligosaccharides were determined simultaneously by means of reversed-phase HPLC. The sample was dissolved in water and filtered and the filtrate was used directly for the analysis. The sugar was separated on a column of u-Bondapak C18 using water as the mobile phase and determined refractometrically.The method was applicable to the analysis of glucose oligosaccharides from monomeric glucose through polymeric maltooctose. Quantitative results were obtained for glucose, maltose, maltotriose, maltotetrose, maltopentose and maltohexose in the samples prepared in our laboratory. Recovery tests revealed this method reliable.

Objective To investigate the correlation of plasma heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) level and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods The outpatient with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing oral glucose tolerance test and healthy individuals with physical examination were divided into T2DM group and healthy control group, the differences between the two groups in HO-1 and methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA), mean fluorescence intensity (MFI), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were comparatively analysed , and analyzed the correlations between HO-1 and reactive oxygen species (ROS) MFI, MDA, HOMA-IR and FBG. Results The type 2 diabetes group in MDA and MFI, the expression rate of HO-1 were higher than those of control group (P<0.05), correlation analysis of expression of HO-1 was positively correlated with MFI, MDA (r=0.489, 0.763, P<0.05) in the T2DM group, HO-1, HOMA-IR and FBG were significantly higher than the healthy control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The expression of HO-1 and HOMA-IR and FPG levels were positively correlated in the T2DM group (r=0.271, 0.426, P <0.05). Conclusion T2DM patients with hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, plasma HO-1 expression is significantly increased, HO-1 is related to oxidative stress, insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia, which has certain value on clinical assessment of T2DM and therapeutic efficacy.

Objective To understand the regional distribution and drug resistance of clinical isolates of bacteria flora ,in order to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infection .Methods According to the national clinical test proce‐dures operation separation strains ,HX‐21 bacteria identification/susceptibility analyzer bacteria identification and drug sensitive test .Results Among 1 705 strains of isolated bacteria ,Gram‐positive cocci accounted for 39 .8% ,Gram‐negative bacteria accounted for 60 .2% ;separation rate from high to low were:benzene azole resistance westwood 13 .3% coagulase negative staphylococcus , pseudomonas aeruginosa ,12 .0% benzene azole resistance westwood staphylococcus aureus 11 .3% ,did not produce the ultra broad spectrum beta lactamase 10 .7% ,e .coli to produce ultra broad spectrum beta‐lactamase e .coli 9 .9% ,acinetobacter was 7 .1% ,pro‐ducing ultra broad spectrum beta‐lactamase pneumonia klebsiella bacteria 5 .9% ,did not produce the ultra broad spectrum beta‐lac‐tamase pneumonia klebsiella bacteria 5 .7% ,benzene azole westwood sensitive coagulase negative staphylococcus 4 .8% ,enterococ‐cus was 4 .8% ,benzene azole westwood sensitive staphylococcus aureus 4 .5% ,etc .Conclusion The common pathogenic bacteria is gram‐negative bacilli in the common pathogenic bacteria .In negative bacilli infection ,acinetobacter ,pseudomonas aeruginosa ,e .coli , klebsiella pneumoniae ,etc were more common .In staphylococcus aureus strains ,benzene azole westwood drug‐resistant strain ratio is higher than benzene azole westwood sensitive strain rate for 3 times .In addition to the vancomycin and teicoplanin sensitive ,other commonly used antibiotics shows different degrees of resistance .

BACKGROUND: Coronary angiography is called "the golden standard" for the diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CAD). Foreshortening of vessel segments in angiographic projection images usually caused by the inappropriate projection angles or positions may lead to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the optimal angiographic views of main coronary artery and its branches in different somatotype or heart type patients and to investigate the specific relationships between the optimal angiographic views and the different somatotypes and heart types with computer-assisted techniques.DESIGN: A controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University.PARTICIPANTS: Altogether 1 369 patients were admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University to undergo coronary angiography from January 2001 to December 2006 and recruited for this study. Written informed consents of coronary angiography were obtained from all the patients. The protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Medical College of Nanchang University.METHODS: All 1 369 inpatients were assigned into 3 groups by body mass index (BMI): fat somatotype group (n =489, BMI: 26-31 kg/m2, transverse heart type), general somatotype group (n =502, BMI: 23-25 kg/m2, general heart type), and thin somatotype group (n =378, BMI: 17-22 kg/m2 vertical heart type). In each group, all arteries including left main coronary artery (LM), proximal segment of the anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), distal-mid segment of LAD, proximal segment of circumflex branch (LCX), distal-mid segment of LCX, proximal-mid and distal segments of right coronary artery (RCA) were properly and carefully analyzed using Compart software, and then we got its optimal angiographic viewing angle. Finally, we arranged these data and induced whether different somatotype group patients have different optimal angiographic viewing angles specifically for some coronary artery or not.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Optimal angiographic viewing angles.RESULTS: All 1369 patients participated in the final analysis. Optimal angiographic viewing angle for LM: left anterior oblique (LAO)(40±5)°/ caudal (CAU)(25±5)° or right left anterior oblique (RAO) 25°/CAU35°. In the fat somatotype group, the angle should be added 10° to its optimal angle, and in the thin somatotype group, the angle should be decreased by 10°, and the differences between the general somatotype group and the fat somatotype group or the thin somatotype group were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Optimal angiographic viewing angle for proximal segment of LAD: RAO (50±8)°/ cranial (CRA)(23±8)°. In the fat somatotype group, the optimal angle should be added 10°, but in the thin somatotype group, it should be decreased by 10°. The differences between the general somatotype group and the fat somatotype group or the thin somatotype group were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Optimal angiographic viewing angle for distal-mid segment of LAD: RAO (40±5)°/CRA (45±5)° or LAO (11±5)°/CRA (45±5)°. Optimal angiographic viewing angle for proximal segment of LCX: LAO (45±5)°/CAU (35±5)° or anteroposterior (AP)/CAU36°. Optimal angiographic viewing angle for distal-mid segmental of LCX: LAO (45±5)°/CAU (35±5)° or RAO (6±4)°/CAU (30±5)°. Optimal angiographic viewing angle for proximal-mid segment of RCA: LAO (35±5)°/CAU (14±5)° or LAO (48±5)°/CRA (15±5)°. For the thin or fat somatotype group, the optimal LAO angle should be increased by 15°, the optimal RAO angle should be decreased by10° for fat somatotype group and should be increased by 10° for thin somatotype group, and the differences between the general somatotype group and the fat somatotype group or the thin somatotype group were statistically significantly (P < 0.05). Optimal angiographic viewing angle for distal segment of RCA: LAO (53±5)°/CAU (17±5)°.CONCLUSION: The message can be got clearly about the whole coronary artery and the accuracy percentage of stenosis by changing angiographic viewing angle regularly to its own optimal angle in different somatotype or heart type patients. It's very important for making the choice of diagnosis and therapy

The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) was used to mediate drug carrier for hepatic targeted drug delivery, this article showed the enzyme-catalyzed esterification of galactose and vinyl stearate and a kind of ASGPR ligand-targeted which was used to insert the surface of liposome has been synthesized. The structure of product has been confirmed by TLC, ESI-MS and 1H NMR. The factors of types and quantity of enzyme, organic solvents, molar ratio of substrate, temperature and time of reaction have been studied. Results showed when using acetone as reaction medium, the quantity of Novozym 435 immobilized lipase was 30 mg mL(-1), molar ratio of galactose to vinyl stearate was 1:5, and reacted at 60 degrees C for 12 h, the transformation of vinyl stearate reached more than 70%. This study provides a novel and efficient route to the synthesis of ligand-targeted modifier.

Objective To identify the therapeutic effect and safety of mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope for the treatment of staghorn stone.Methods The clinical data of 116 patients with staghorn calculi who underwent mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 116 patients,63 cases were men,53 cases were women .Age ranged from 2 5 to 6 7 years .The diameter ofcalculi ranged from 4 6 to 9 8 (mean =4 6 )mm .There were 63 large complete staghorn renal calculi in these patients.Results All procedures were performed successfully using a single lithotripsy tract.The mean surgical time was (125.4 ±30.0)minutes.The initial stone -free rate was 81.03%(94 /116).Twenty -two cases had several residual calculi from 12 to 25mm.Post -procedure complications included hemorrhage in 9 patients,fever(>38.5 ℃)in four patients,and reactive pleural effusion in one patient. Blood loss requiring transfusion,sepsis,adjacent organ injury and kidney loss were not observed.Conclusion Mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope has good therapeutic effect in treating renal staghorn calculi,since the technique in treating the renal staghorn calculi makes the operation period shorter,the rate of stone -free higher,the operation wounds smaller,the rate of complication lower,the rate of surrounding organ injury less.

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Female ; Ginkgolides ; pharmacology ; Hypoxia ; metabolism ; Lactic Acid ; metabolism ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase ; metabolism

Objective:A novel tuberculosis DNA vaccine integrating siRNA,fusional antigen and hIL-12 triple expression units was constructed in our laboratory.Methods:To evaluate the independent expression of the three expression units,two eukaryotic expression plasmid pVAX1-siRNA-PVAE[EGFP]-hIL12 with TB fusional gene Ag85B-ESAT6(PVAE) and enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP),and pVAX1-siEGFP-PVAE[EGFP]-hIL12 with siRNA coding sequence targeting EGFP instead of Mcl-1L were constructed.Then two plasmids were used to transfer human embryonic kidney 293 cells.Based on EGFP report gene,it was demonstrated that siRNA expression unit and fusional antigen gene were independently expressed.Results:The hIL12 expression at 48h and 72h post transfection were also detected by ELISA analysis up to 1571.63pg/ml and 2392.25pg/ml respectively in the cell culture fluid.Conclusion:The results demonstrated that the novel DNA vaccine with siRNA,TB fusional antigen and hIL12 three expression units in the same plasmid frame is successfully constructed and independently expressed in eukaryotic cells.It laid a foundation for further animal model study on anti-tuberculosis effects of this novel DNA vaccine.

The veins on the dorsum of the foot have been dissected and observed on 200cases of the Chinese adult lower extremities.The great saphenous vein is the chief draining vessel of the hallux,the toes andthe skin of the dorsum of the foot.The position and the tributaries of this vessel areconstant.Its diameter ranges from 1.9 to 5.0mm,with an average of 3.2mm.The dorsal venous arch is usually single(93%),double arches are seen in 6%,and absent in 1%.According to the form of reflux,the dorsal venous arch may begrouped into five types.In the most common type,the arch is continuous withthe great saphenous vein and the anterior malleolar branch of the small saphenousvein(49.5%).The dorsal metatarsal veins usually drain directly into the dorsal venous arch.Some of the neighboring dorsal metatarsal veins may drain through a commontrunk.The perforating veins on the dorsum of the foot may be divided into threedifferent groups:the anterior malleolar,marginal and intermetatarsal group.Thelatter usually drains into the dorsal venous arch at the base of the first intermeta-tarsal space.The valves of the superficial veins on the dorsum of the foot were also observed.There is no valve in the lateral part of the dorsal venous arch,but there may beone or two valves in its most medial part(66.7%).It appears that the venousblood from the first metatarsal vein usually drains into the great saphenous vein.