Heart Aneurysm ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; mortality ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Myocardial Infarction ; mortality ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; pathology ; surgery

Oncogene c-jun is a member of jun family,the immediately early genes(IEGs),and belongs to one of the nuclear transcription factors of basic leucine zipper(bZIP)family.Combined with many gene promotors,c-jun is involved in the regulation of gene transcription.Its products play important roles in regulating gene expression,cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis.The structure,biological funetion,regulation of c-jun and its roles contributing to tissue damage are reviewed in this article,which may provide understanding for severity of tissue injury and wound age estimation in the field of forensic pathology.

Objective To investigate cranial decompression under temporal muscle in very-low position with large bone flap combined with mild hypothermia for severe cranial trauma.Methods 88 severe brain injury patients (GCS ≤ 8 ) were randomly divided into two groups,mild hypothermia group( n =48) and non-mild hypothermia group ( n =40),both presented with cranial decompression under temporal muscle in very-low position with large bone flap.Data of patients,GCS increment,rate of brain cistern display,rate of pupil shrink and therapeutic effect were ananlyzed.Results The treatment group showed better effect compared with the oontrol group(P＜0.05).Condusion The therapy of cranial decompression under teniporal muscle in very-low position with large bone flap combined with mild hypothennia showed the advantage of depressing intracranial pressure,reducing crerebral edema and improving the therapeutic effect of severe brain injury patients.

Aim To investigate the expression of G protein-coupled receptor TGR5 and its effects on FN and TGF-β1 expression cultured under high glucose condition in rat glomerular mesangial cells , and then to explore the role of TGR5 in diabetic nephropathy. Methods INT-777 and TGR5 plasmid were used to activate TGR5 under high glucose(HG,30 mmol·L - 1 glucose ) condition, and anti-TGR5 small interfering RNA(TGR5 siRNA) was used to knock down TGR5. The protein expression of FN and TGF-β1 in rat me-sangial cells was detected by Western blot. Results TGR5 could be detected in rat glomerular mesangial cells. Both FN and TGF-β1 protein levels could be in-creased by high glucose compared with control group(P < 0. 05),and be inhibited by activiation of TGR5(P <0. 05). On the other hand,knockdown of TGR5 could increase FN and TGF-β1 protein to abnormal levels(P< 0. 01,P < 0. 05). Conclusion TGR5 suppresses HG-induced FN and TGF-β1 expression in rat glomer-ular mesangial cells,suggesting a protective role in the process of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy of preoperative low dose intravenous amiodarone in the prevention of atrial fibrillation (AF) after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). Methods Two hundred patients with coronary atheroselerotic heart disease underwent selected OPCAB and were randomly divided into two groups: control group (100 cases) and experimental group (100 cases). Patients in control group were given conventional medicines and placebo, and patients in experimental group were treated with low dose intravenous amiodarone daily for 4 days before surgery. They were given conventional medicines after surgery. Results After the off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, the incidence of AF, ventricular rate and the duration of AF in the experimental group were lower than those in control group [15% vs. 41%, χ2=16.766, P=0.000; (126.0±20.8) times/ min vs. (150.0±25.6) times/ min, t=0.478, P =0. 017; (8. 0±8. 6) h vs. (12.0±9.6) h, t=0. 439, P=0. 019]. No significant difference were found in the incidence of side effect between low close amiodarone group and the control group. Conclusions Prophylactic application of low dose intravenous arniodarone before off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting can safely and effectively reduce the postoperative ventricular rate and the incidence of AF, shorten the duration of AF, promote the rehabilitation and slightly improve the clinical symptoms.

Objective To explore the effects of chronic electrical stimulation (ES) on Nogo-A expression in the hippoeampus of rats.Methods Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group and 4 exper- imental groups.The rats in the control group were given sham ES,while those in the experimental groups received 1, 3,6,or 9 days of ES before being sacrificed for the detection of Nogo-A expresson in the hippoeampus by immunohis- tochemistry and Western plotting.Results There was a positive correlation between the level of Nogo-A expression and the duration of ES,as shown by the immunohistochemistry technique.Western blotting showed the same result. Conclusion In general,seizure occurred 8 days after electrical stimulation began.Elevated Nogo-A expression in the hippocampus began earlier than seizures in the epilepsy model groups.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in conjunction with hyperthermic intra-peritoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for treating patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods:A total of 62 CRC patients with complication of PC were divided into the CRS group, namely, Group One (n=29, CRS and systemic adju-vant chemotherapy) and the CRS+HIPEC group, namely, Group Two (n=33, CRS+HIPEC). The primary end point of the study was overall survival (OS) and the secondary end point was serious adverse events (SAE). Results:Patients' clinicopathologic characteris-tics, peritoneal carcinomatosis index, and completeness of cytoreduction therapy were well balanced and comparable between the two groups. The median follow-up was 41.9 mo (6.5 mo to 110.0 mo) in Group One and 32.0 mo (10.5 mo to 95.9 mo) in Group Two. The median OS was 8.5 mo (95%CI:4.9 mo to 12.1 mo) in Group One and 14.5 mo (95%CI:11.9 mo to 17.1 mo) in Group Two (P=0.007). Within 30 days after the surgery, SAE occurred in 3 of the 29 patients in Group One, and 9 of the 33 patients in Group Two (P=0.126). Multivariate analysis revealed that HIPEC, CC0-1 score, and chemotherapy over six cycles were the independent factors for OS improvement. Conclusion:The CRS+HIPEC method improves the OS of patients with PC from CRC, suggesting an acceptable safety.

Objective To investigate the spousal transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)and its related factors in HIV epidemic area,which can be beneficial to prevent HIV from transmitting.Methods Three hundred and forty-six couples with one spouse were anti-HIV positive were cross-sectionally investigated.Blood samples were taken from the spouse of subjects whose anti- HIV were positive to detect the anti-HIV antibody and from 70 acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)patients to do the sequencing of the serum HIV provirus DNA.Results In 346 couples,99 were infected by spousal transmission and its transmission rate was 28.6%.One spouse of 125 couples were infected with HIV by paid blood donation,14.4%(18)of the other spouse were infec- ted by spousal transmission.One spouse of 135 couples were infected by paid blood transfusion, 23.7%(32)of the other spouse were infected by spousal transmission.Eighty-six couples were infec- ted by extramarital sexual contact,49(57.0%)got spousal transmission.Thirty-seven(69.8%) subjects were infected by husband-to-wife transmission and 12(36.4%)were from wife to husband. The difference between them was significant(P

BACKGROUND:Numerous studies have shown that air wave pressure therapy plays an important role in prevention of deep venous thrombosis of lower limb after a major operation on the hip.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the efficacy of air wave pressure therapy on deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity in patients with total knee arthroplasty.
METHODS:A total of 80 patients with total knee arthroplasty were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Patients in the control group were treated only with conventional method to help the patient massage the lower extremity by the nurse and combined with active functional exercise;patients in the experimental group were treated with air wave pressure therapy at 2 days postoperatively, and were also treated with conventional method to help the patient massage the lower extremity by the nurse and combined with active functional exercise. Swel ing index, coagulation index and the number of patients with deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity were recorded in both groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 2 weeks after treatment, swel ing index, coagulation index and the number of patients with deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremity were significantly reduced in the experimental group, and its effects were significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). Early use of air wave pressure therapy after total knee arthroplasty can al eviate limb swel ing effectively and have obvious advantages in improving coagulation index and blood coagulation condition and in preventing deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremity after total knee arthroplasty.

Objective To investigate the effect of prosthetic replacement for senior patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures of the femur.Methods Fifty-three senior patients with comminuted intertrochanteric fracture of the femur were subjected to total hip arthroplasty (n =23) and bipolar artificial femoral head replacement (n =30).Uncemented long-stem prostheses were used in 50 patients and cemented long-stem prostheses in 3.Time interval between admission and surgery was 3-13 days (mean 6 days).Results The total hip arthroplasty had the operation time for mean 90 minutes (range,80-110 minutes) and blood loss for mean 350 ml (range,260-410 ml).While the hemiarthroplasty had operation time for mean 65 minutes (range,50-90 minutes) and blood loss for mean 230 ml (range,180-290 ml).Fifty-one patients were available to mean 49.6-month follow-up (range,13-65 months).Four patients presented with frequent hip pain at a tolerable level after hemiarthroplasty and the symptom was relieved after oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy.One patient with postoperative infection was cured by timely debridement.Seven patients were died of heart and brain disorders in 5 years,with no relation to surgical complications.The period for fracture healing was mean 10 months,with excellence rate of 96％ for hip function but with no acetabulum abrasion,implant loosening or submersion.Conclusion Early prosthetic replacement is an effective treatment for unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures in the elderly.