Objective To explore the relationship between the expression level of p27 KIP1 and p57 KIP2 and the development and prognosis of thyroid carcinoma. Methods p27 KIP1 and p57 KIP2 expression in 6 nodular goitres, 10 thyroid adenomas and 35 thyroid carcinoma were detected by immunohistochemical method, and the relationship between p27 KIP1 and p57 KIP2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed. Results The positive rate of nuclear expression of p27 KIP1 and p57 KIP2 in nodular goitres and thyroid adenomas was obviously higher than that in thyroid carcinomas, in papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma was significantly higher than that in medullary carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma, and in the thyroid carcinomas of stages I and II was also significantly higher that in the thyroid carcinomas of stages III and IV. The frequency of cytoplasmic expression of both p27 KIP1 and p57 KIP2 in thyroid carcinoma with lymph node metastasis was obviously higher than that in ones without lymph node metastasis. Conclusion The nuclear expression of both p27 KIP1 and p57 KIP2 in thyroid carcinoma were significantly associated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis and local invasion. The low nuclear expression of p27 KIP1 and p57 KIP2 may indicate the poor prognosis of the patients, and the cytoplasmic expression may indicate the lymph node metastasis.

Objective To explore the effect of gastrodia elata on learning and memory abilities and synaptic transmission protein(P38,Ca2+ -CaMK Ⅱ α,CREB)expression of hippocampus in model rats with Alzheimer's disease(AD).Methods 24 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,test group and intervention group.A dose of Aβ1-40 was injected into the hippocampus of rats on test group and intervention group,the control rats were injected with normal saline.When the models were successful,the rats of control group and test groups were given with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(50g/kg),the rats of intervention group were given with gastrodia elata powder( 50 g/kg),lasting 15 days,Morris water maze test was used for learning and memory abilities study.The expression of P38,Ca2+-CaMK Ⅱ α and CREB protein were detected by immunohistochemistry method.Results Behavioral tests showed the mean escape latencies and search time of test group were obviously increased than those of control group and intervention group,the percentage of search distance on test groups was less than that of control group and intervention group(P ＜ 0.01 ).Immunohistochemistry results showed P38,Ca2+- CaMK Ⅱ α and CREB positive cells and optical density in hippocampus CA1 on test group were less than those of control group and intervention group ( all P ＜ 0.01 ) ( P38:58.92 ± 10.82,0.208 ± 0.037 ; Ca2+-CaMK Ⅱ α:72.38 ± 14.67,0.174 ± 0.036 ; CREB:53.86 ±5.31,0.161 ±0.043 in test group;P38:87.32 ±9.56,0.371 ±0.046 ; Ca2+ -CaMK Ⅱ α:98.16 ± 16.29,0.283 ± 0.051 ; CREB:86.76 ± 7.73,0.356 ± 0.052 in intervention group; P38:102.54 ± 16.73,0.563 ± 0.078 ; Ca2 + -CaMK Ⅱ α:123.46 ± 17.65,0.436 ± 0.057 ; CREB:125.43 ±9.16,0.524 ± 0.057 in control group ).Conclusion Gastrodia elata can treat AD by increasing expression of P38,Ca2 + -CaMK Ⅱ α and CREB.

Objective: To study the gender differences in ERPs recorded during a recognition task for Chinese words. Methods: 15 male and 15 female healthy volunteers received a Chinese words recognition task and the EEG signals were recorded from 20 scalp sites simultaneously. The stimuli were meaningful words consisting of two Chinese characters. Results: Both men and females showed a positive-going parietal old/new effect, but females demonstrated larger P500 amplitudes and shorter P500 latency than males. Furthermore, the parietal old/new effect of males was significantly left-lateralized, while that of females showed more bilateral pattern. Only males elicited obvious frontally distributed old/new effect between 250 and 350 ms, which was negative-going and right-lateralized. Conclusion: Gender differences do exist in the recognition processing of Chinese words. Some of the gender differences could be interpreted as reflecting different strengths and speed of brain activation and others could be interpreted as reflecting the involvement of different neural structures.

Administration, Inhalation ; Humans ; Respiratory Therapy

0.05).Conclusions RFA treatment of PHC patients does not lead to hematogenous tumor dissemination.

Cancer is considered as one of the major diseases endangering human health in the world, it is urgent to find a safer and more efficient treatment for cancer therapy. Gene therapy with ribonucleic acid (RNA) drugs could regulate the expression of tumor related genes, and exhibit good anti-tumor therapeutic potential in preclinical and clinical trials. Based on the differences between tumor tissues and normal tissues in microenvironment signal characteristics such as pH, specific enzyme concentration or redox gradient, various microenvironment responsive nanocarriers had been studied and developed to deliver RNA drugs to tumor tissues and cells, improving the anti-tumor efficacy of RNA drugs and reducing toxic and side effects. This paper reviews the pathophysiological characteristics of tumor microenvironment and various strategies of tumor microenvironment responsive nanocarriers, in order to provide reference for the design of safe and efficient RNA drug delivery system for cancer therapy.

Dentin-Bonding Agents ; Water

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence and risk factors of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) of pediatric patients with severe bacterial pneumonia.MethodsClinical data of 1086 pediatric patients with severe bacterial pneumonia from January 2010 through January 2014 were recruited. The incidence and risk factors of AAD were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsThe incidence of AAD in 1086 pediatric patients with severe bacterial pneumonia was 36.74%. The incidence of AAD in patients younger than 2 years old were higher than that in those older than 2 years, once or more times of mechanical venti-lation history were higher than that with no arrangements of this treatment, administering of combined antibiotics therapy were higher than that with single antibiotics, and the incidence of AAD due to amoxicillin/clavulanate, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefo- perazone/sulbactam in pediatric patients were 43.55%, 43.75%, and 45.03%, respectively. Three β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors above were risk factors of AAD through multivariate Logistic regression analysis.ConclusionThe high incidence of AAD in pediatric patients with severe bacterial pneumonia was associated with some risk factors, including younger than 2 years old, me-chanical ventilation, combined antibiotics therapy and administration of β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor (amoxicillin/clavulanate, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam).

BACKGROUND:At present, the common filing materials used to correct secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity include conchae cartilage, costal cartilage, Medpor implants, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE), alogenic acelular dermal matrix. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the therapeutic effects of comprehensive procedures with alogenic acelular dermal matrix or ePTFE for secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity were enroled, including 19 males and 17 females, aged 15-32 years. Alogenic acelular dermal matrix (n=22) or ePTFE (n=14) was used to correct nasal base colapse deformities. Anthropometry method was employed to make measurements. Fixed-point measurement was performed based on patient's pictures before and after correction. Long-term effects of these two kinds of filing materials were analyzed and assessed objectively and quantitatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After the folow-up of 6 months, al the patients were satisfied with their results, and no infection and no exposure occurred. The treatment effect of the alogenic acelular dermal matrix group was excelent in 16 cases and good in 6 cases; there were 10 cases of excelent and 4 cases of good in the ePTFE group. The objective indicators in the two groups were al improved at 6 months after correction (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that alogenic acelular dermal matrix or ePTFE is useful to correct secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformity.

BACKGROUND:Traumatic auricle defectsin upper 1/2 or lower 1/2,seriously involve theauricular cartilage and skin blood vessels. The autogenic rib cartilage graft and acelular dermal matrix have good histocompatibility, and expanded flapis a kind of thin and achromatic tissue for skin defect repair. OBJECTIVE:To explore theapplication ofacelular dermal matrix and expanded flap in half auricular reconstruction,and to find out the fine carving and anastomosis of autogenic rib cartilage graftas wel as its similarities with the ear and clinical significance. METHODS:Eight cases of half auricular defects were treated with expanded flap, autogenic rib cartilage graft, fine anastomosisofautogenic rib cartilage graft and residual earfor half auricular reconstruction,during which theacelular dermal matrixwas usedto promote residual ear docking and skul auricle angle formation. The reconstructionwasperformed in three stages:first,anexpander(volume, 80mL)wassubcutaneously implanted attheretro-auricular area;second, the auricular defects were reconstructed with fine rib cartilage graft, acelular dermal matrix and auriculoplasty;finaly, acelular dermal matrixwas usedto promote residual ear docking. Thenthehalf auricular reconstructionwas evaluatedby objective measurement and subjective rating. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Half auricular reconstruction was successful in al the eight caseswithout obvious complications, and the cartilage grafts were in good condition.During thefolow-up,thereconstructed auriclewasshapedwel andformed a good involution withtheresidualauricle. In addition, the flange was smooth withoutobviouscolor difference and edema, and its position, size and shape were consistent with those of thecontralateralone. Afterthefolow-up of 6 months, objective indicators showed that the affected side had no significant differencefromthe contralateralone(P> 0.05). In conclusion,theacelular dermal matrixcanobviously decrease the complications of the cartilage grafts andcontributeto agood shaped auricle;and half auricular reconstructionby expanded flap, autogenic rib cartilage graft,andfine anastomosis of autogenic rib cartilage graftcanachieve significant clinical effects.