Tne secondary injury may occur in the perihematomal tissue after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH).Studies have suggested that apoptosis palys an important role in the secondary injury after intracerebral hemorrhage.1he inhibition of apoptosis may significantly improve the neurological deficit after ICH.

Objective To explore the Clinicopathological characteristics of patients with primary adenosquamous and squamous carcinoma of stomach. Methods The clinical data of 12 cases of primary squamous and adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach were reviewed retrospectively, and the immunohistochemical staining of CK17 and CKI8 protein were performed in primary gastric adenosquamous carcinoma. Results Primary adenosquamous and squamous carcinoma of the stomach accounted for 0.28% of all the 4352 patients with gastric cancer during the same period. Of the 12 patients, 10 were adenosquamous carcinoma and other two were squamous carcinoma. There were 10 males and 2 females in this group, with their mean age being 65 years. The main clinical presentation included epigastric pain and discomfort, followed by hematemesis and melena. The definite diagnosis rate was 33% (4/12) by gastroscopy and biopsy before operation. The tumors were less than 5 cm in diameter in 3 patients, and more than 5 cm in 9 patients. The surgical procedure was radical resection in 8 patients and palliative resection in 4 patients. There were 1 case of stage Ⅰ, 5 cases of stage Ⅲ, 6 cases of stage Ⅳ. 10 patients died of tumor recurrence and metastasis within 2 years after operation, one died of other unrelated disease, and one was alive for more than 5 months. The component of both adenosquamous and squamous carcinoma were more than 30% in 4 patients with adenosquamous carcinoma who underwent palliative resection and died within 6 months after operation. Conclusions Primary adenosquamous and squamous carcinoma of the stomach were rare, and had specific clinicopathological characteristics. Having both biological behaviours of adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma may lead to poor prognosis in adenosquamous carcinoma of stomach.

Objective To explore the clinical application of microsurgical techniques to therapy the femoral neck fracture in younger patients and prevent the necrosis of femoral head.Methods Seventy-four younger adults,age from 23 to 50,with femoral neck fractures were treated by open veducition,internal fixa- tion and pedicled bone transplantation from Jan.1995 to Dec.2004.All of the 74 patients were reviewed clin- ically and radiologically after an average of 3.2 years.Results In this group,19/74 cases(25.68%)had avaseular necrosis of the femoral head,which were diagnosised after an average of 28.5 months following inju- ry.Despite these results,these patients assessment with Harris system had been very good or good in 55/74 patients(74.32%).Conclusion It's an effective method to decrease the incidence of necrosis of femoral head after management the femoral neck fracture in younger patients by microsurgical techniques.

Objective To investigate Aβ42 and P-tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods CSF of 25 cases of MCI and 14 cases of cognitively normal (CN) were investigated. The CSF levels of Aβ42 and P-tau were detected by ELISA method. Correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between P-tau level and MMSE score in MCI. Results The CSF level of Aβ 42 was higher and P-tau was lower in MCI than CN group(P<0.05). P-tau level in MCI was also negatively correlated with MMSE score (P<0.05). Conclusion Aβ42 and P-tau levels in CSF may be valuable biological markers in the diagnosis of MCI. P-tau level in CSF of MCI may be related to the severity of cognitive impairment.

AIM:To establish a microthrombus model by carrageenan (Ca)/ lipopolysaccharides (LPS) intraperitoneal injection in rats with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) and endothelial dysfunction induced by L-methionine intake. METHODS: ① Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: control and endothelial dysfunction (HHcy) groups. L-methionine was administered by gavage in HHcy group for total 4 weeks. Purified water was administered by gavage in control rats. Plasma Hcy, NO and vWF were examined and the thoracic aorta were excised after 4 weeks of L-methionine treatment to evaluate endothelial function. ② Male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups to establish a microthrombus formation model with Ca/ LPS: control, microthrombus formation (Ca/LPS) and endothelial dysfunction plus mitoarothrombus formation (HHcy+Ca/LPS) groups. Control rats were injected with normal saline (NS). Ca/LPS rats were intraperitoneally injected with carrageenan (Ca) and followed by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) 16 h later. HHcy+Ca/LPS rats were intragastric gavaged by L-methionine for total 4 weeks, and then were injected with Ca/LPS in the same way as Ca/LPS group. Cruor parameters and platelet count were detected at 20 h after LPS or NS injection and the mesentery microcirculation was monitored. Plasma NO and vWF were also detected at 24 h after LPS or NS injection. RESULTS: ① Plasma Hcy concentrations and vWF level were significantly increased in HHcy group, while plasma NO content was significantly decreased compared with that in control group. Endothelial dependent relaxation (EDR) of aortic rings was significantly decreased in HHcy group, suggesting endothelial damage/dysfunction was induced by HHcy. ② Mesentery capillary was obviously blocked by microthrombus in Ca/LPS rats and was blocked more seriously in HHcy+Ca/LPS rats. Cruor parameter results suggested that Ca/LPS rats were in hypercoagulable phase and HHcy+Ca/LPS rats were in hypocoagulable phase at 20 h after LPS injection. Platelet count and plasma NO content in HHcy+Ca/LPS group were significantly decreased, while plasma vWF level was significantly increased compared with Ca/LPS group. CONCLUSION: L-methionine intake induces severe HHcy and causes endothelial dysfunction in rats. Microcirculation dysfunction and microthrombosis can be caused by Ca/LPS intraperitoneal injection and may be aggravated by endothelial dysfunction.

Objective Toexplore the correlation of ApoE gene polymorphism and serum uric acid levels in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region , China.Methods A case-control study.October 2011 to November 2011, five hundred twenty eight ( 296 male, 232 female ) apparently healthy individuals were studied.Questionnaires and physical examinations were performed by standard operation procedure.Fasting blood was collected for biochemistry testing including serum lipid parameters , uric acid concentration and creatinine levels.The multi-ARMS PCR was applied to determine ApoE genotypes ,and the relation of ApoE genotypes with serum lipid parameters and uric acid levels were analyzed.Non-normal distribution were compared using cause and inspection.Results The common six kinds of ApoE genotype can be detected.The total cholesterol ( TC) ,low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) and uric acid ( UA) levels in different genotype subgroups had statistical differences.The individuals with ε2/3 genotype had a significantly greater reductions in TC and LDL-C levels but increment in uric acid concentration than those withε3/3 and ε3/4 genotype (P<0.05).The effect of ApoE gene polymorphism on uric acid levels still remained significantly after adjustment for age , gender , region and other factors.Conclusion The ApoE polymorphism is associated with serum uric acid levels and individuals with ε2 allele have higher serum uric acid levels.

A 23-year-old man in remission from acute myeloblastic leukemia after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation developed peripheral neuropathy presenting as sciatic and peroneal nerve deficits. Electrophysiological tests localized the lesions to the left sciatic and common peroneal nerve. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed nerve thickening and enhancement, while a positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan demonstrated increased fluorodeoxyglucose uptake tracking along the nerve, suggesting peripheral nerve infiltration. This report demonstrates an unusual presentation of acute leukemia relapse presenting as focal neuropathy

Objective To isolate and identify exosomes from serum samples of the patients with polymyositis / dermatomyositis (PM/ DM),and analyze their protein composition preliminarily.Methods Exosomes from serum samples of the patients with PM/DM were isolated and purified by the ExoQuickTM kit.The morphological characteristics and particle size of exosomes were determined by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and NanoSight analyzer,respectively.The surface markers of exosomes such as CD9,CD81 and Flotillin-2 were identified by western blot.The concentration and composition of exosome protein were determined by the BCA method and SDS-PAGE,respectively.Results The exosomes from serum samples of PM/DM patients displayed round or oval vesicles with membrane structure under TEM,and their diameter range was about (92 ± 67) nm.western blot showed that these exosomes expressed CD9,CD81 and Flotillin-2.The total protein concentrations of exosomes in the patients with PM/DM and healthy controls were 14.68 (6.00,32.55) μg/μL and 14.09 (8.00,23.28) μg/μL,respectively.SDS-PAGE showed that high-abundance proteins enriched in 55-70 kD in both PM/DM patients and healthy controls,and that there were different bands in 40-55 kD between them.Conclusion Exosomes are isolated from serum samples of the patients with PM/DM successfully,and their protein concentration and composition are analyzed preliminarily,which provides the experimental evidences for further finding differential proteins.

Objective To identify the differential serum proteins in patients with hepatic injury resulting from coal-burning type of arsenism. Methods Six serum samples were collected from patients with liver injury resulting from coal-burning type of arsenism and healthy subjects(control gruop) in endemic arsenism area. Twodimensional gel electrophoresis(2-DE) was performed to separate serum proteins, after silver staining, the differential expression of proteins were analyzed and then identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF-MS). Results The 2-DE map of serum protein patterns of patients and normal control were established successfully. The results showed that there were an average of (824 ± 31 ) spots and (782 ± 42) spots on 2-DE matching of the patients and control groups and the matching rate was 94.9%(782/824). From these two groups 49 differential protein spots were identified, of which over 3 times the difference in the expression of 30 protein spots were singled out and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis was carried out. Ten proteins were identified. Upregulated expression was observed in alpha-2-macroglobulin, B-cell receptor-associated protein, keratin 1,apolipoprotein A-I, and down-regulated expression was observed in haptoglobin, α2-heremans-schimid-glycoprotein,mitogen-activated protein kinase 4, zinc finger protein 323, ZAP-70 and SP40 in the patient group. Conclusions The well-resolved and reproducible 2-DE serum patterns of patients are established and some differentially expressed proteins are characterized. Whether these proteins of differential expression are serum markers for liver injury resulting from coal-burning type of arsenism need to be further verified.

Objective To evaluate the anxiety and depression status of the liver transplant recipients and to investigate the related impact factors.Method Forty-two liver transplant recipients were under survey by General Information Questionnaire (GIQ),Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS),Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and 1,6,12,24 and 36 months after operation.Result The mean anxiety scores before and 1,6,12,24 and 36 months after operation were 37.2 ± 5.3,32.2 ± 6.2,32.1 ± 6.6,31.9± 5.1,30.1 ± 4.6 and 28.5 ± 4.1,respectively.The mean depression scores at those 6 time points were 46.7 ± 7.1,37.9 ± 10.7,36.7 ±7.9,37.1 ± 6.4,34.3 ± 5.8 and 32.1 ± 5.6,respectively.Both the anxiety and depression scores showed statistically significant difference (P＜0).001) before and after operation (all time points).Also there was statistically significant difference (P＜0.001) between post-operative month 36 and other post-operative time points.The impact factors for anxiety of liver transplant recipients were subjective supports and the utilization level of the supports.The impact factors of depression of liver transplant recipients were pre-operative depression score,objective support,subjective supports and the utilization level of the supports.Conclusion Liver transplant recipients suffer less anxiety and depression after operation.The anxiety status can be further improved from 24 to 36 months postoperation.