[Objective]To assess the protective effects of Xianlinggubao on articular cartilage and subchondral bone in experimental osteoarthritis induced by anterior cruciate ligament transaction (ACLT)in rabbits. [Methods]Thirty healthy Japanese white rabbits were divided randomly into three groups:sham group,ACLT+XLGB group and ACLT+ NS group. Rabbits in ACLT+XLGB group and ACLT+NS group received anterior cruciate ligament transection(ACLT)on the right knee. Rabbits in sham group received untreatment as control. ACLT+XLGB group received a daily administration of XLGB at a dose of 125 mg/kg of body weight for 6 weeks.In contrast,ACLT+NS group received saline at the same dose. All rabbits were sacrificed at 6 weeks after operation. The right femora were removed,measured for bone mineral density (BMD),and then were observed for the macro-pathologic changes with HE staining and graded by Mankin's scale. Expression levels of BMP-2 and MMP-13 were detected by immunostaining. The subchondral bone of right tibial plateau was cut and stained for the measurement of bone histomorphometry.[Results](1)The Mankin's score in ACLT+ XLGB group was significantly lower than that in ACLT+ NS group (P

Objective To study the effect of vibration as a countermeasure against bone loss.Methods Volunteers were divided into vibration-group(VIB)and control-group(CON).Vibration experiments were performed in VIB for 3 months(10 min/d,5 d/week).Bone mineral density(BMD)of both VIB and CON was observed after 3 months.Results BMD in VIB increased obviously after vibration treatment(+1.29% for vertebrae and +1.65% for femur).The effectiveness rate was 80%.Conclusion Whole body vibration is effective in countermining bone loss.It has a broad prospect in treating osteoporosis and counteracting bone loss caused by weightlessness.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of urinaryα1-acid glycoprotein (AAG)in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy(DN).Methods 266 cases of diabetic patients in Drum Tower Hospital Affiliated to Medical School of Nanjing University from May 2013 to October 2014 were recruited,and patients were divided into four groups based on the urine al-bumin/creatinine (ACR)levels,as follows:non-diabetic nephropathy group (Non-DN)152 cases,low urinary albumin/cre-atinine group (LUA)49 cases,high urinary albumin/creatinine group (HUA)32 cases,and very high urinary albumin/cre-atinine group (VHUA)33 cases.63 cases of healthy subjects (NC group)and 66 cases of fracture patients (stress group) were recruited as control group.The urinary AAG and other biochemical indicators were measured for all subjects.Results The level of urinary AAG in DN group was significantly higher than that in stress group,Non-DN group and NC group (t=7.951,7.985,8.021,P <0.05),and gradually increased from LUA,HUA to VHUA group (P <0.05).The urinary AAG level was positively correlated with UA,Cr,CRP and ACR (r=0.169,0.286,0.373,0.606,P <0.01).Stepwise logistic re-gression analysis showed that the urinary AAG was the independent risk factor of DN (P <0.05).Conclusion The level of urinary AAG has good application value in the early diagnosis and monitoring progression of DN.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of forkhead transcription factor p3(Foxp3) in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis(AR).METHODS Nasal tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were obtained from 17 patients with AR and 11 controls.Foxp3 was detected in nasal tissues by immunohistochemisry and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Foxp3 and CD4+CD25+T cells were evaluated in PBMCs by using ? ow cytometry.RESULTS The numbers of Foxp3+ cells was(44.2?20.5)cells/mm2 and(129.5? 35.6)cells/mm2 in nasal mucosa of two groups(P

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of dexmedetomidine, mifepristone and dexmedetomidine plus mifepristone on the fear memory in rats with post?traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) . Methods 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups with 8 in each group:control group (group C),PTSD model group (group P),dexmedetomidine group (group D),mifepristone group ( group M) and dexmedetomidine plus mifepristone group ( group U) . Fear memory in rats was evaluated by fear conditioning test ( FC) . Anxiety?like behavior was assessed by the elevated plus?maze test ( EPM) . Ex?pressions of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in the hippocampus of rats after fear condition were detected using Western blot ( WB) and CORT level in the serum was detected using enzyme?linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared with group P,the freezing scores in the FC in group D((32.29±8.09) %), M((33.33±8.21) %),and U((9.38±3.31) %) were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The times and en?tries in the open arms of the EPM were significantly increased (P<0.05) . The expressions of BDNF in group D(0.65±0.04),M(0.71±0.04),U(0.79±0.07) and TrkB in group D(0.66±0.04),M(0.71±0.04),U (0.86±0.03) were obviously rescued in hippocampus of rats (P<0.05). The CORT level in serum in group D ((37.65±12.37)μg/L) and U((59.10±5.23)μg/L) was decreased (P<0.05). There was no difference be?tween group P and M. Conclusion These results suggest that dexmedetomidine, mifepristone and dexme?detomidine plus mifepristone can significantly enhance fear extinction and improve anxiety?like behaviors in rats with PTSD. The mechanism may be that dexmedetomidine and mifepristone could enhance the expres? sions of BDNF and TrkB in the hippocampus.

Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and other clinical parameters were measured in patients with types 2 diabetes mellitu (with or without angiopathy of lower limbs). The serum levels of MMP-9 and hsCRP were higher in type 2 diabetic patients and those with angiopathy by Doppler ultrasonography than those in normal controls. The change of serum MMP-9 was positively correlated with the level of hsCRP. The extent of angiopathy was correlated positively with both hsCRP and MMP-9.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have particularly applied prospects in tissue engineering. However, the death of transplanted cells limits the tissue regeneration. To search a new drug of anti-free radicals and protecting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is of great significance. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effects of mangiferin on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells against hypoxia. METHODS:Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured in vitro and hypoxia cellmodel was established by cobalt chloride. cells were divided into normal control group, hypoxia group (treated with cobalt chloride), and mangiferin groups (cobalt chloride+20, 40, 80, 160 μmol/L mangiferin). After 12 and 24 hours of hypoxia, superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and catalase levels in the cellsupernatant were determined. After 3, 6, 12, 24 hours of hypoxia, reactive oxygen species change was detected in each group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Mangiferin significantly improved the survival rate of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exposed to hypoxia, increased the intracellular superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, decreased intracellular malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species levels, thereby effectively protecting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells against hypoxia. These findings indicate that mangiferin has effective protection against hypoxia and strong antioxidant ability, and can significantly reduce oxidative damage.

BACKGROUND:Hypoxic death limits application of cells in transplantation and tissue regeneration.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective effects of mangiferin on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells against hypoxia injury-induced apoptosis resulted from cobalt chloride.
METHODS:Rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were in vitro cultured and hypoxia cellmodel was established by cobalt chloride. Model cells were treated with mangiferin. Protective effects of mangiferin were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide;cellapoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential were detected using flow cytometry.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cobalt chloride significantly inhibited growth of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptosis rate of cells was (42.49±3.96)%after treated with 200μmol/L cobalt chloride for 12 hours, (46.37±4.49)%after treated for 24 hours. With increasing concentration of mangiferin, apoptosis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in hypoxic model was gradual y reduced (P<0.01), indicating that mangiferin has a protective effect in a concentration-dependent manner on rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in hypoxic injury. Cobalt chloride can induce hypoxic model successful y in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. There are some advantages of accurate dose control, no special equipment requirements, and easy operation. Mangiferin can effectively inhibit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells apoptosis under hypoxic injury.

With 58 of New Zeeland rabbits, following experiments were carried out: (1) the dose-response relationship of MSG which decreased the body temperat ure; (2) the effects of the propranolol and the anisodamine (654-2) on the action of decreasing body temperature by MSG. The results indicated: following intravenous administration of MSG at a dose of 0.5g/kg. w and 1.0g/kg. w, the body temperature of rabbits were decreased significantly, but at a dose of 0.1g/kg.w, the change of temperature was insignificant.Pretreatment with propranolol did not affect the effect of MSG decreasing body temperature which was blocked significantly by anisodamine, one of blocker of the cholinergic nerve. The authors suggest that the effect of MSG decreasing body temperature may depend on the cholinergic nerve.

Objective:To study the mechnism of mild hypothermia during cerebral resuscitation. Method:Fourteen dogs were anaesthetized with ketamine and fentanyl and were divided randomly into three groups. Four dogs as nonischemic control(group A).recived general care for 24 hours after operation without cardiac arrest. The other ten dogs underwant a 18-minute cardiac arrest.were resuscitated with standard CPR.and supported by intensive care for 24 hours,then divided into two groups. Five dogs were treated with routine cerebral resuscitation measures (RCRM) (group B):five dogs were treated with RCRM and mild hypothermia started 10 min after CPR and mantained at 34 C?0.5 C for 12 hours (group C). At the end of experiment,the parietal cerebral cortex was obtained to detect the expression of heat shock proteins with immunohistochemical technique and to observe the change of histomorphology. Result: The pathologic change in group C was more obviously mitigated than that in group B. The HSP70-LI positive neuronal density and grey values in group B and C were more significantly increased than those in group A (P