ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Biological Transport ; Child ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; genetics ; metabolism ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; genetics ; metabolism ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Protein Conformation ; Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the possible association of circulating components of GH-IGFs-IGFBPs system with the GHR-exon 3 genotype in idiopathic short stature (ISS) children. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted and isolat-ed from peripheral leukocytes in 108 ISS children. GHR-exon 3 polymorphism was analyzed with multiplex poly-merase chain reactions (PCR) assay. According to the results of genotype, ISS children were divided into GHRfl group and GHRd 3 group. The height and weight were recorded in two groups. The body mass index (BMI) and BMI standard deviation score (SDS) were measured. The serum levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-3, IGF-1 SDS and IGFBP3 SDS were calculated. GH stimulation test was used to measure the serum GH peak value. Fifty-five ISS chil-dren were treated with recombine human GH [0.15 IU/(kg·d)] for three months to analyse the association of IGF-1 response of GH treatment and genotypes. Results There were 63 GHRfl and 45 GHRd3 in 108 ISS children. There were no signifi-cant differences in BMI, IGF-1, IGFBP3, GH peak, IGF-1 SDS and IGFBP3 SDS between two groups (P>0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age, IGFBP3, lg (BMI) and lg (GH peak) were influencing factors of lgIGF-1 (P<0.05). In 55 ISS children treated with rhGH, there were 34 cases of GHRd3. The differences of △IGF-1 and △IGF-1 SDS were higher in GHRd3 group than those of GHRfl group (n=21). Conclusion The GH sensitivity may be a risk factor in ISS children, which may not be related with GHR polymorphism.

Fourteen compounds were isolated from 95% ethanol extract by silica gel, MCI, and ODS column chromatography. These compounds were respectively identified as quercetin (1), kaempferol (2), (+)-catechin (3), fraxin (4), protocatechuic acid (5), gallic acid (6), methyl gallate (7), ethyl gallate (8), apocynol A (9), baccatin (10), cerevisterol (11), ellagic acid (12), 3, 3',4'-tri-0-methylellagic acid(13) and N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninyl-N-benzoyl-L-phenylalaninate(14) by analyzing their spectral data and comparing with the previously reported literatures. Except for gallic acid (6), all other compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. Compounds 1, 2 and 6 showed moderate anti-proliferation activities on tumor cells.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Euphorbiaceae ; chemistry ; Humans ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology

Four salts of ticagrelor, ticagrelor-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, ticagrelor-pyrazinamide, ticagrelor-D-proline and ticagrelor-L-proline were prepared by solvent suspension and liquid-assisted grinding to improve the solubility of ticagrelor. The compounds were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and the intermolecular salt-bonding forces were analyzed. The equilibrium solubility of salts and pure drug in hydrochloride buffer pH 1.2 and phosphate buffer pH 6.8 were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Ticagrelor was salted with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, pyrazinamide, D-proline, L-proline all in a stoichiometric ratio of 1∶1; with the exception of ticagrelor-D-proline, the solubility of the other three salts provided significantly improved solubility in hydrochloride buffer pH 1.2, and the equilibrium solubility of ticagrelor-3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid was increased by approximately 1.7 folds as compared to pure drug. Salt-forming technology is convenient and can improve the solubility of ticagrelor.

Objective To investigate the frequencies of circulating dendritic cell (DC) subsets and the function of monocyte-derived dendritic cells in patients with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.Methods Peripheral blood was collected from hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure patients (ACLF,n =40) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB,n =40) as well as normal controls (NCs,n =20).Circulating myeloid dendritic cell (Mdc) and plasmic dendritic cell (pDC) frequencies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were analyzed by flow cytometric analysis.Purified monocytes were isolated by combination of Histopaque-1.077 and CD14 Microbeads.Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) generated in vitro in the presence of interleukin (IL)-4 and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor upon activation by poly I:C.Costimulatory molecule expression and allostimulatory mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR) of MoDCs were detected in patients with hepatitis B-related ACLF.Results The number of circulating mDC decreased only in patients with hepatitis B-related ACLF compared with that in normal controls.However,pDC numbers decreased in both CHB and ACLF patients.We observed a further decrease the pDC numbers in ACLF compared to CHB patients without statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).MoDC from ACLF patients showed lower expression of costimulatory molecules CD80,CD86 and the mature marker CD83,as well as MHC Ⅱ molecule (HLA-DR) compared to CHB and NC group.Interestingly,MoDC impaired allostimulatory mixed lymphocyte reaction from ACLF patients compared to those in CHB patients and NCs.Conclusions Patients with hepatitis B-related ACLF have a significantly lower expression of surface markers and impaired AMLR of MoDC,as well as decreased number of circulating mDC and pDC,which may be partially related to HBV disease progression in these patients.

Objective The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical features of benign infantile convulsions associated with mild gastroenteritis (BICE) and provide helpful information for the accurate diagnosis and effective management of BICE. Methods The patients, aged 3-36 months, with gastroenteritis accompanied with convulsions were clinically observed and followed up for more than 18 months. Results BICE was diagnosed in 12 cases with a peak onset age of ( 16.0 ± 6.5) months. Six (50%) of the cases occurred in winter. All seizures developed within the first 5 days of the course and 9 (75%) within the first 3 days. The cases presented with generalized or partial seizures. Early clustering seizure attacks were seen in 7 patients (58%). Seizures averaged 2.1 attacks per course. Interictal electroencephalogram (EEG), brain imaging, blood biochemical profile and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) testing did not show abnormality in all cases. No antiepileptic medications were prescribed to the patients as the seizures had stopped.Three (25%) of the cases experienced relapses that usually did not happen more than twice. The longest course of BICE lasted 8 months. All cases demonstrated normal psychomotor development and had no individual or family history of febrile convulsion or epilepsy. Conclusions In this study BICE showed the following clinical features: It occurred at a peak age of 1 to 2 years old and was frequently seen in wintertime. The convulsions usually developed in early days of the course in generalized or partial and mostly in clustering patterns. There were no significant changes in blood biochemical profile,CSF, brain imaging and interictal EEG. The course usually lasted less than 12 months although a small portion of the patients relapsed. An anti-epileptic therapy may not be necessary after seizure cessation in children with BICE.

Objective To investigate the expression of Dysadherin and analyze its role in renal clear cell carcinoma (RCCC).Methods RT-PCR and immunohistochemical were used to detect the expression of Dysadherin in 60 cases of fresh RCCC and 60 adjacent normal renal tissues(male 35,female 25; age 37-78,median age 61; ＞7 cm 24,≤7 cm 36; Ⅰ/Ⅱ 39,Ⅲ/Ⅳ 21).Results Dysadherin mRNA expression in RCCC tissues (2.0043±0.2890) was higher than that in adjacent normal renal tissues (0.8461 ±0.2479) (t =6.8020,P ＜ 0.05).Dysadherin expression was associated with nuclear grade.The expression of Dysadherin in nucleus grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ tumors were significantly higher than that in nucleus grade Ⅰ and Ⅱ tumors [the mRNA expression were 4.6224±0.3194,2.7780±0.2288,the positive rates of protein were 64.1％ (25/39),95.2 ％ (20/21) (t =6.5750,x2 =5.495,P ＜ 0.05)].There was no association between the expression of Dysadherin with sex (t =1.0530,x2 =0.023),age(t =0.0511,x2 =0.089) and tumor size (t =1.0330,x2 =0.370) (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion In RCCC,Dysadherin expression is positively associated with tumor aggressiveness based on grading.It seems that Dysadherin may be a valuable prognostic marker in RCCC.

Sixteen compounds have been isolated from the EtOAc fraction of 95% ethanolic extract of Sophora dunnii through silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 and semi-prerarative HPLC column chromatographies. Their structures were identified on the basis of NMR and MS spectra data as phaseollidin (1), L-maackiain (2), 2-(2',4'-dihidroxyphenyl)-5,6-methylenedioxy benzofuran (3), 8-demethyl-farrerol (4), liquiritigenin (5), genistein (6), 6-methylgenistein (7), 5-O-methyl genistein (8), 7,2',4'-trihydroxys-5-methoxy-isoflavanone (9), 7, 3', 4'-trihydroxy-isoflavanone (10), erythribyssin D (11), calycosin (12), trans-resveratrol (13), cis-resveratrol (14), stigmasterol (15), β-sitosterol (16). Among these, compounds 1-14 and 16 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chemical Fractionation ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Sophora ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytomegalovirus Infections ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases ; etiology ; Kidney Glomerulus ; pathology ; Male