Objective To discuss the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of delayed traumatic intracerebral hematoma.Methods The clinic data of traumatic delayed intracranial hematoma patients in this hospital were retro- spectively analyzed.According to clinic observation and CT re-examination,47 cases were diagnosed as delayed trau- matic intracranial hematoma(45 cases by operative treatment,and the other 2 by conservative treatment).Results There were 21 cases of recovery,10 cases of slight disability,8 cases of severe disability,8 cases of death.The total mortality rate was 17 %.Conclusion Brain contusion,subarachnoid hemorrhage and skull base fracture were impor- tant factors of DTICH.Fine-observation and prompt CT re-examination offered excellent results for DTICH.

The present study was undertaken by radioligand binding assay to compare the binding properties of U72099E to cytosol and synaptic plasma membrane (SPM)preparations of rat brain. The results showed that the binding of [3H]Glucocorticoids ([3H]GC) was not displaced by U72099E in cytosol but was displaced in SPM with a Ki of 32.2?1.7?mol/L-1,indicating the existence of binding sites for U72099E in plasma membrane (most probably being glucocorticoid membrane receptors, GCMR). The Ki of U72099E is close to the concentrations needed to mimic the actions of it to protect against brain injury, suggesting that GCMR may mediate the beneficial effect of U72099E.

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence on AM fungi infection rate and medicine quality of Pinellia ternate in the condition of three soil impact factors.

METHODSet the orthogonal test of three factors and levels. Determinate the AM fungi infection rate in early stage of mature & stage of mature of P. ternata, and the water content, water soluble extract, butanedioic acid content and alkaloid content of P. ternata tuber that be harvested also had be determinated.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONWith the P levels to 30 mg x kg(-1) and 90 mg x kg(-1), AM fungi infection was the best when mixed inoculated of EM. Microbial agent inoculated played a decisive role in P. ternata growth and physiological activity, secondary influenced factor was P concentration, and the water stress was the minimal impact. Mixed inoculated of AM fungi and EM treatment with the low P levels (30, 90 mg x kg(-1)) proved better effect on enhancing the water extract content, anedioic acid and alkaloid content, while decreasing the water contents of P. ternata tuber.

Alkaloids ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; standards ; Fungi ; Pinellia ; chemistry ; microbiology ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; standards ; Soil

OBJECTIVETo establish a brain functional network of the whole brain based on glucose metabolism, and to evaluate the cost and efficiency of the functional network.

METHODS18F-FDG PET of 148 healthy volunteers (30-59 years, n = 148) was performed in a resting state. Images were registered to atlas by using the statistical parametric mapping (SPM) software. The functional connectivity between 90 cortical and sub-cortical regions was estimated by correlation analysis.

RESULTSGlucose metabolism brain functional networks had global efficiency greater than the lattice but less than the random graph, and local efficiency greater than random but less than lattice. This characteristically small-world behavior of the brain network was most consistently seen for low-cost to medium-cost networks. The small world regime was Cost-[0.0512, 0.5406]. The cost efficiency of the networks typically had a maximum positive value when the cost was 0.23.

CONCLUSIONSGlucose metabolism brain functional networks have economical small-world properties. It is feasible to analyze the functional characteristics of human brain by study 18F-FDG PET images. This paper provides a new method for studies on brain function.

Adult ; Brain ; metabolism ; physiology ; Brain Mapping ; Female ; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Neurological ; Nerve Net ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; methods

Objective To assess the value of brain protection measures in carotid angioplasty and stenting(CAS)for carotid stenosis and contralateral occlusion in reducing the perioperative cerebral isehemic events.Methods Twelve patients undergoing CAS in our department were included in this analysis.All the patients received balloon occlusion test(BOT)of the carotid artery preoperatively.Two patients who were intolerant to BOT received extracranial-intracranial vascular anastomosis,and another 2 patients relatively intolerant to BOT received CAS under general anesthesia.The brain protection measures including reduction of the cerebral blood flow occlusion time and prophylactic management of thrombosis were administered to prevent the ischemic events.The efficacy of the brain protection measures was evaluated by diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)and observation of the clinical ischemic neurological symptoms.Results Three patients suffered transient ischemic attacks(TIAs),1 patient had temporary vision loss,and 1 had permanent ischemic neurological deficits after the operation.DWI yielded positive results in 50% of the patients after the operation,characterized mostly by small local lesions of 1-2 ram.Eight patients presented with carotid artery dilation by over 90%,and 4 by 70% to 90% after the operation.Conclusion The brain protection measures including precise preoperative evaluation of the ischemic tolerance and blood flow and reduction of cerebral blood flow occlusion time and prevention of thrombosis during the operation can effectively reduce the incidence of perioperative ischemic events in high-risk patients with carotid stenosis and contralateral occlusion.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the study was to investigate the association between tea consumption and stroke.

METHODSA cross sectional study was conducted in autumn, 1998. The subjects were from 12 provinces in China. 15 groups of populations were selected by cluster randomized sampling and each group had about 1000 persons, aged from 35 to 60 years old. 14 212 subjects had complete data for analysis. Data regarding tea drinking would include drinking status, dose and type of teas. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between tea consumption and stroke.

RESULTSThere was a strong inverse correlation between tea drinking and stroke after adjusting other risk factors of stroke (P < 0.05). The odds ratio (OR) of stroke was 0.60 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42 - 0.85] for subjects who drank tea compared to those who did not. Increased amount of tea consumption per month was associated with decreased stroke prevalence. The association for tea consumption over 150 gram per month and stroke was statistically significant (P < 0.05) with an OR value of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.36 - 0.89). Analytical results indicated that the OR value was 0.24 (95% CI: 0.06 - 1.01) for black tea and other tea (P = 0.05). The OR value was 0.35 (95% CI: 0.18 - 0.72) for green tea (P < 0.01), and 0.75 (95% CI: 0.51 - 1.11) for jasmine tea (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONTea drinking was independently associated with prevalence of stroke which might play a role in the prevention of the disease.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; epidemiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plant Extracts ; therapeutic use ; Prevalence ; Sampling Studies ; Stroke ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tea ; chemistry

BACKGROUNDThere is no detailed report about the angiographic leakage of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) lesions on indocyanine green (ICG) angiography. This study aimed to investigate the angiographic leakage of polypoidal lesions in PCV on ICG angiography.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-four eyes of 137 patients diagnosed as PCV were prospectively observed. Fundus examination, fluorescein angiography, and ICG angiography were performed. Leakage of polypoidal lesions and clinical features were recorded according to the angiograms.

RESULTSIn all 144 eyes, 110 eyes showed angiographic leakage (leakage group) on ICG angiography and three subtypes of leakage group were noted, which were polypoidal dilations leakage (47 eyes, 42.7%), branching vascular networks leakage (14 eyes, 12.7%) and leakage of both (49 eyes, 44.5%). The other 34 eyes showed regression of polypoidal lesions (regression group). In leakage group, the rates of pigment epithelial detachment (PED), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) < 0.1 and old subretinal hemorrhages were 56.4% (62 eyes), 19.1% (21 eyes), and 4.6% (5 eyes) respectively, compared with 8.8% (3 eyes), 50% (17 eyes) and 38.2% (13 eyes) of regression group (P < 0.001). The history of regression group was significantly longer (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSAngiographic leakage and regression can be observed in PCV lesions. Leakage of both polypoidal dilations and branching vascular networks is the most common subtype in leakage group. PCV in leakage group is more likely to be related to PED, better BCVA and shorter history, while PCV regression group tends to relevant to old subretinal hemorrhage, worse BCVA and longer history. This may reflect that the former is active or in the early course while the later is resting or in the late phase of PCV.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Choroid ; blood supply ; Choroid Diseases ; diagnosis ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; methods ; Humans ; Indocyanine Green ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peripheral Vascular Diseases ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the femoral head perfusion and to predict the traumatic avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head by single photon emission computerized tomography and computerized tomography (SPECT/CT).

METHODSTotally 18 adult beagle dogs were divided randomly into three equal-sized (n equal to 6) groups. Subsequently different degrees of ischemia model were developed by destroying blood vessels of the femoral head. The left hip received sham operation as normal control and the right hip underwent blood interruption. In Group A, the ligamentum teres was cut off. In Group B, the marrow cavity of the right femoral neck was destroyed while in Group C, the soft tissues at the base of the femoral neck were stripped in addition to the resection of the ligamentum teres and destruction of the marrow cavity. Three hours after surgery, SPECT/CT was performed. Laser Doppler Flowmetry (LDF) measurements were also obtained at three different time points (before operation, immediately and three hours after operation) in order to assess the change process of blood supply to the femoral head.

RESULTSSPECT/CT showed no significant difference in the radionuclide uptake between the right and left femoral heads in Group A (t equal to -0.09, P equal to 0.94) and Group B (t equal to 0.52, P equal to 0.62). However, in Group C, it was 261+/-62 for the right femoral head, only 12% of that in the left femoral head. LDF measurements indicated that the femoral head perfusion was decreased from (45.0+/-3.3) PU to (39.1+/-3.7) PU in Group A,from (44.0+/-2.7) PU to (34.3+/-2.6) PU in Group B, and from (47.3+/-2.1) PU to (4.96+/-0.6) PU in Group C immediately after operation. However, the perfusion was restored and returned to normal values three hours after operation except in Group C.

CONCLUSIONSPECT/CT could assess the perfusion of the femoral head semiquantitatively, which might be useful in predicting the development of traumatic AVN.

Animals ; Dogs ; Femur Head ; Femur Head Necrosis ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Objective:This article analyzes the cognition and satisfaction evaluation of patients in medical alli-ance. Under the medical alliance mode,the present study tries to explore the choice of medical treatment of patients, the first diagnosis of primary health care institutions and its influencing factors, in order to provide reference for the construction of medical alliance. Methods:With the help of stratified sampling method,eighteen (18) medical alli-ances were selected from 16 districts and counties in Beijing. The survey questionnaire was designed to be used as the tool for data collection. A total of 1 280 patients in medical alliance participated in this study. The Chi-square Test and binary logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results:59.12% of patients understand the medical association and related policies. 39.12% of the patients are satisfied with the medical association,51.44% of patients are willing to take first diagnosis at primary health care institutions. The distribution of medical resources in various districts is uneven. The type of hospital visited,the degree of understanding of medical alliance,the expe-rience of medical alliance and the satisfaction toward medical alliance will have an impact on the willingness about basic initial diagnosis,and the influence make a significant statistical sense. Conclusions:The Medical alliance con-struction in Beijing has achieved a certain effect,as first visit at primary health care institutions will be the initial for-mation. But the unbalanced distribution of medical resources in various districts,the service capacity of primary care institutions which does not meet the needs of patients,the insufficient sensitization of relevant policy and the current health insurance policy are seen as limiting factors to the development of medical alliance.

Objective:In this study,through the description of understanding,behavior,evaluation about med-ical alliances,we explore the problems and made recommendations to medical alliances. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 556 medical staff in 18 medical alliances in Beijing. We used descriptive statistical methods to analyze the situation of cognition and so on. And we compared medical staff evaluation of medical alliances be-tween core hospital and cooperative hospital. Results: Only 5.40 % of medical staff are totally unaware of the medical alliances policy. 38.73 % of the doctors don't conduct two-way referral. 55.69 % of the doctors in the core hospital don't come to the cooperative hospital. 71.40 % of the medical staff think that the operation of the medical alliances is good. There are big differences in the distribution of overall evaluation between core hospital medical staff and cooperative hospital medical staff by rank sum test. Conclusion: The understanding of medical alliances and the evaluation of activities are better. However, the two-way referral effect is not obvious and some specific activities are not ideal.