Objective To investigate changes of family parenting styles after the reforn and opening in China and its influence on mental health.Methods On the base of stratified convenience sampling,a valid sample of 429 were recruited from Wuxi and Hefei city residents:1960s group 103 persons,1970s group 107 persons,1980s group 116 persons,and 1990s group 103 persons.Subjects' childhood parenting styles were surveyed with the family upbringing style questionnaire(FUSQ) and their current mental health status was rated with the psychological symptom inventory-100 (PSI-100).Results (1) Except understanding-blame,and expects-demanding,and mother respect-humiliation and mother warmth-wildness,there were significant age differences on other parenting styles (P＜ 0.05),their scores were gradually increased from 1960s group ((38.29± 6.30)-(44.99± 7.36)) to 1980s group ((40.96±6.05)-(48.53±7.91)),1990s group declined((40.13±7.27)-(46.97±6.61)).(2) Most parenting style dimensions were significantly negatively correlated with symptom total score (r=0.095-0.308) and mental symptom scores (r=0.090-0.330).(3) The family parenting styles had significantly effects on the symptom total score (explained variance of 20.3％) and mental symptom scores (explained variance of 12.4％-21.5％).Conclusion There have been some positive,open and scientific changes on the family parenting styles after the reform and opening in China,childhood family parenting styles have long-term effects on mental health of youth and adult.

Objective The objectives of this study were to investigate the relationship between DKK1 protein expression and lymph node invasion,and prognosis in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Methods From January 2005 to December 2012,78 patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were treated with endoscopic resection.Tissue microarray of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and adjacent tissues were done and biochemical indexes were measured before operation.The patients were recruited every 3 months after operation.The Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the recurrence-free survival curve and the overall survival curve.The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the multivariate analysis and to determine the factors that affect the disease-free survival(RFS)and overall survival(OS).Results There were significant differences in the expression of GGT,hepatic portal lymph node invasion,Child-Pugh grade,MMP9 and DKK1 protein in the negative and positive expression of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(P ＜ 0.05).The positive expression rate of DKK1 protein in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma was 35.90％ (28/78),and the positive expression rate of DKK1 protein in hilar cholangiocarcinoma was 14.10％ (11/78).RFS and OS in 78 cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma were 51.28％ (40/78) and 50.00％ (38/78),41.03 ％ (32/78) and 38.46％ (30/ 78),25.64％ (20/78) and 23.08％ (18/78) after surgery for 1,3 and 5 years,respectively.The results from univariate and multivariate analysis showed that GGT,CA19-9,CEA,tumor size,DKK1 and hilar lymph node invasion were the prognostic factors of OS in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.CEA,tumor size,DKK1 and hilar lymph node involvement were prognostic factors for RFS in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.DKK1 protein expression positive and negative OS curve or RFS curve showed that 5 years after intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients DKK1 protein expression positive and negative OS were 28.20％ and 20.51％;RFS were 24.36％ and 21.79％.Conclusion The expression of DKK1 protein is closely related to lymph node invasion in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.The expression of DKK1 protein is the prognostic factor of OS and RFS in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective To survey the scientific research integrity situation of community health care organizations in Yangpu district in Shanghai,meanwhile,provide a reference for scientific research integrity management in any community health care organization.Methods Using the convenience sampling method,we sampled 200 health staff from 4 community health service centers.They were surveyed with uniform questionnaires.Results No dramatically relationship existed in health staff's knowledge about scientific research integrity breach and their age.However,education background,their academic titles,how many times they have learned relative information,publicity about science research integrity would impact their awareness on research integrity.Conclusions There is dramatically discrepancy on the scientific research integrity among these community health staff.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ion chamber sensitive volume on absolute dose verification in CyberKnife plan.Methods Solid water phantoms were scanned by a CT scanner, single-field plan, multi-field isocentric plan and sequential optimized plan were designed by the treatment planning system.Absolute doses were measured at the specified point in each plan using the ion chambers with sensitive volumes of 0.007 cm3(A16), 0.24 cm3(A12 s), and 0.6 cm3(PTW30013) and compared with calculated values.Results For the single-field plan, the relative error increased as the aperture size of collimator decreased;with relative errors within ±2%, the smallest aperture sizes of collimator were 12.5 mm (A16), 25 mm (A12 s), and 30 mm (PTW30013).For the multi-filed isocentric plan, the relative errors were 0.26%±3.90%(A16),-6.28%±14.33%(A12 s), and-9.41%±14.10%(PTW30013).For the sequential plan optimized with 15 mm cone, the relative error was 0.79%±1.43%;for the sequential plan optimized with 7.5 mm cone, the relative error was 2.01%±8.39%.In absolute dose verification for clinical plans, there was no significant difference between the results measured by these ion chambers (P=0.985).Conclusions There is no significant effect of ion chamber sensitive volume on absolute dose verification in CyberKnife plan under the following two situations:(1) the collimator with a relatively large aperture is used;(2) the sensitive volume of ion chamber is totally covered by the prescription isodose line.

ObjectiveTo identify differential genes of malignant melanoma using gene chip expression profiles.MethodsAgilent Human 1A OligoDNA was employed to find out difference in gene expression between malignant melanoma and nevus. The total RNA was isolated from two type tissues, labled the fluorescent to the probe, hybridized, washed and analyzed.ResultsAmong the 21073 target genes, 1596 genes were differentially expressed in malignant melanoma, including 733 genes up-regulated, and 863 down-regulated.ConclusionThe gene chip technique can screen genes that may be specifically expressed in malignant melanoma.

Adult ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Femoral Fractures ; surgery ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; methods ; Humans ; Knee Injuries ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

Objective To investigate the ability of electrocardiogram-gated multislice CT(MSCT)in the diagnosis of myocardial bfidging.Methods Fifty-one patients(82 coronary arteries)with suspected coronary artery disease underwent multi-detector row CT,conventional coronary angiography and intravascular ultrasonography as well.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of MSCT for the detection of myocardial bridging were determined.The interobserver agreement was calculated by using Cohen's Kappa test.Results A total of 26 tunneled arteries exclusively located near the middle segment of left anterior descending coronary artery were found by coronary angiography and intravascular uhrasonography.Compared to the invasive methods,MSCT correctly detected 23 of 26 myocardial bridges with a sensitivity of 88%(23/26),specificity of 96%(52/54)and accuracy of 94%(75/80).The Kappa value for overall interobserver variation Was 0.62.Two myocardial bridges diagnosed by MSCT were missed with the invasive method.With the results of invasive and non-invasive methods combined as the standard of reference,the overall sensitivity.specificity,and accuracy of MSCT in detecting myocardial bridging were 89%(25/28),91%(21/23),and 90%(46/51),respectively.Conclusion As a non-invasive imaging modality,MSCT is feasible and reliable in the detection of myocardial bridging.

Objective To explore the pathophysiologic mechanism of the development of a small-for-size syndrome(SPSS) and the role of splenectomy in the prevention and treatment of SFSS.Methods The rat models of sham-operation and 80% partial hepatectomy were established.Totally 144 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:1)splenectomy group:splenectomy was performed following 80% partial hepatectomy;2)control group:80% partial hepatectomy was performed;3)sham group:no hepatectomy was performed.After the operation,we examined the portal venous pressures(PVP),tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) expression,the activity of myeloperoxidase(MPO),liver function and explored the prevalence of SFSS.Results Compared with the sham group,the PVP of the rats in the control group obviously elevated after hepatectomy,and the expression level of TNF-a and the activity of MPO in the liver significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the PVP,the expression of TNF-a in the livers and the activity of MPO at the corresponding time points after hepatectomy in the splenectomy group significantly decreased,while the expression of PCNA in-creased(P<0.05).Administration of splenectomy resulted in a statistically significant decrease in aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),total bilirubin.and the incidence of SFSS(P<0.05).Conclusion Splenectomy could alleviate liver injury,promote liver regeneration in small-for-size liver rats by reducing portal vein perfusion and pressure and the subsequent expression of proinflammatory mediators.

Objective To evaluate the role of Fas/FasL signaling pathway in ulinastatin postconditioning-induced attenuation of apoptosis in the myocardial cells of patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Forty patients of both sexes,aged 21-59 yr,of ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ (NYHA class Ⅱ or Ⅲ),scheduled for elective cardiac valve replacement with CPB,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each):control group (group C),and ulinastatin postconditioning group (group U).In group U,ulinastatin 10 000 U/kg was perfused via the aortic root at 4 000-5 000 U·kg-1 ·min-1 starting from 5 min before aortic unclamping.In group C,the equal volume of normal saline was infused instead of ulinastatin.Myocardial specimens were taken from the right auricle at 45 min after aortic unclamping for determination of Fas,Fas ligand (FasL),caspase-8,Bcl-2 and Bax expression and cell apoptosis.The ratio of Bcl-2 expression to/Bax expression (Bcl-2/Bax) and apoptotic index were calculated.Results Fas,FasL,caspase-8 and Bax expression and apoptotic index were significantly lower,and Bcl-2 expression and Bcl-2/Bax were higher in group U than in group C.Conclusion Ulinastatin postconditioning attenuates apoptosis in the myocardial cells through inhibiting Fas/FasL signaling pathway in the patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB.

Objective To investigate the effects of melatonin on choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the hippocampus of rats after isoflurane anesthesia.Methods Sixty male SD rats weighing 390-440 g were randomized into five groups (n =12 each):control group (group C),1％ isoflurane group (group Ⅰ),1％ isoflurane + melatonin group (group IM),2％ isoflurane group (group J) and 2％ isoflurane + melatonin group (group JM).Rats in groups IM and JM received intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (10 mg/kg) for 7 days,and rats in other groups received normal saline.On the 7th day of injection,rats in groups Ⅰ and IM inhaled 1％ isoflurane for 4 hours,and rats in groups J and JM inhaled 2％ isoflurane for 4 hours.One day after anesthesia,all the rats began Morris water maze to assess the learning and memory ability,which was made for continuous 5 days.At the end of probe test,6 rats in each group were randomly selected,blood samples were collected to detect plasma melatonin level,and the hippocampi were removed to evaluate the expression and activity of ChAT.The other rats were sacrificed to perform immunofluorescence to detect ChAT in hippocampal CA1 region and dentate gyrus.Results The plasma melatonin level,and the expression and activity of ChAT were significantly lower in group Ⅰ than in group C (P ＜ 0.01).The escape latency was significantly longer,the probe time was significantly shorter,and the plasma melatonin level and the expression and activity of ChAT were significantly lower in group J than in group C (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The escape latency was significantly shorter,the probe time was significantly longer,and the plasma melatonin level and the expression and activity of ChAT were significantly higher in group IM than in group Ⅰ (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The escape latency was significantly shorter,and the plasma melatonin level and the ChAT activity were significantly higher in group JM than in group J (P＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion Melatonin can attenuate isoflurane-induced ChAT inhibition and thus improve the cognitive function of rats after isoflurane anesthesia.