Objective To study the role of early release of tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) and nuclear factor-?B(NF?B) activation on inflammatery mediators expression and neutrophil accumulation in the liver after ischemia/reperfusion . Methods The models of partial hepatic ischemia in Wistar rats were established. Rats received either Pentoxifylline (PTX) 50mg/kg(PTX group) or sterile saline (control group) via peritoneal injection at 1h before ischemia;Sham operation group was also established. Results Compared with control group,in PTX treatment group, the release of the TNF-?, the content of NF?B p65, expression of MIP-2 mRNAand ICAM-1 mRNA were significant decreased;the levels of MPO,AST,ALT, LDH,and W/D were also reduced significantly(all P

Objective To evaluate the value of lymphoscintigraphy in diagnosis of chylous ascites in children.Methods Lymphoscintigraphy was done in 6 cases,computed tomography(CT) was done in 4 cases,X-ray exam was done 42 times.And their video repore were compared.Results Lymphoscintigraphy was done in 6 cases,5 cases′ results were positive which diagnosed chylous ascites,and their leaking positions were also found.Conclusion Lymphoscintigraphy has the qualitative and orientational effect on diagnosis of children with chylous ascites.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare a three-pulse drug release system of nimodipine and study its drug release.METHODS:Solid dispersion technique and dry-coating method were respectively applied to prepare immediate-release mini-tablets and Pulsatile mini-tablets with lag-time of 4 h or 8 h.Then those mini-tablets were filled into capsule to obtain a three-pulse drug release system and subjected to in vitro dissolution test.DSC was employed to determine drug status in solid dispersion.RESULTS:Immediate-release mini-tablets were released more than 95% in 30 min.Pulsatile mini-tablets were released less than 10% in 4 h or 8 h of lag-time period.After lag-time period,pulsatile mini-tablets were released completely in 3 h.The whole pulsatile drug release system achieved three times of drug release at 5 min,4 h,8 h,respectively.Nimodipine kept amorphous form and were delivered into carrier evenly.CONCLUSION:A three-pulse drug release system of nimodipine has been prepared successfully.

ObjectiveTo investigate the methods of hepatic arterial reconstruction in orthotopic liver (transplantation)(OLT), and the prevention and management of associated complications, so as to improve the therapeatic results and donor survival rate of OLT.MethodsThe clinical data of 85 cases of orthotopic liver transplantation performed in our institute from May 1995 to May 2004 were retrospectively analysed. Hepatic artery reconstruction was made by use of Carrels patch of donor celiac artery or bifurcation of donor common hepatic artery and splenic artery anastoniosed to left and right hepatic artery of recipient in 16 cases((18.82)%), to bifurcation of gastroduodenal and proper hepatic arteries of recipient in 61 cases((71.76)%), or use of donor iliac artery interposition graft to abdominal aorta in 8 cases(9.42%). Regular heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin as a prophylactic anticoagulation therapy was maintained during and after (operation) as indicated by prothrombin time. Intra-and postoperative Doppler ultrasonography was used to (monitor) hepatic arterial blood supply.ResultsHepatic artery thrombosis(HAT) was observed in 1 case (intraoperatively)(overall incidence 1.2%).Thrombectomy and reconstruction of the arterial anastomosis were performed immediately.This patient currently has a survival time of 13 months without HAT. HAT was not observed in any of the other 84 cases during the follow up of 2 to 52 months.Conclusions Hepatic artery thrombosis may be minimized by proper selection of anastomotic site of hepatic artery reconstruction and (effective) use of postoperative anticoagulation.Close follow-up by Doppler ultrasonography may make a prompt diagnosis of HAT, salvage grafts and avoid re-transplantation.

Objective To study the effect of nuclear factor-?B(NF?B) on cytokins expression and neutrophil accumulation in murine liver transplantation. Methods Donor and recipient Wistar rats were pretreated by introperitoneal injection of proline dithiocarbamates(ProDTC, 15 mg/kg) 15 min before transplantation. Results Compared with NS control rats the level of NF?B p65 significantly decreased suppressing the transcription of TNF-?,MIP-2 and ICAM-1 and the release of serum TNF-? and MIP-2 as well as the activity of myeloperoxidase(MPO) in rats receiving ProDTC(all P

Objective To evaluate the effect of ion chamber sensitive volume on absolute dose verification in CyberKnife plan.Methods Solid water phantoms were scanned by a CT scanner, single-field plan, multi-field isocentric plan and sequential optimized plan were designed by the treatment planning system.Absolute doses were measured at the specified point in each plan using the ion chambers with sensitive volumes of 0.007 cm3(A16), 0.24 cm3(A12 s), and 0.6 cm3(PTW30013) and compared with calculated values.Results For the single-field plan, the relative error increased as the aperture size of collimator decreased;with relative errors within ±2%, the smallest aperture sizes of collimator were 12.5 mm (A16), 25 mm (A12 s), and 30 mm (PTW30013).For the multi-filed isocentric plan, the relative errors were 0.26%±3.90%(A16),-6.28%±14.33%(A12 s), and-9.41%±14.10%(PTW30013).For the sequential plan optimized with 15 mm cone, the relative error was 0.79%±1.43%;for the sequential plan optimized with 7.5 mm cone, the relative error was 2.01%±8.39%.In absolute dose verification for clinical plans, there was no significant difference between the results measured by these ion chambers (P=0.985).Conclusions There is no significant effect of ion chamber sensitive volume on absolute dose verification in CyberKnife plan under the following two situations:(1) the collimator with a relatively large aperture is used;(2) the sensitive volume of ion chamber is totally covered by the prescription isodose line.

We developed and designed a new type of artificial trachea. The basic structure of the artificial trachea was polytetrafluoroethylene vascular prosthesis linked with titanium rings on both sides. Dualmesh was sutured on titanium rings. This experimentation follows the replacement of trachea in dogs with a combined artificial trachea to investigate the feasibility of this type of prosthesis. Sixteen dogs were implanted with the combined artificial trachea after resection of 5 cm of cervical trachea. The 5 cm-long trachea of dogs on the necks were resected and the reconstruction of the defect of the trachea was performed with trachea prosthesis. According to the method of trachea reconstruction, the models were divided into 2 groups, artificial trachea implantation group (the control group, n = 8) and group of artificial trachea implantation with growth factor (the experimental group, n = 8). Then computer tomography scan (CT), bronchoscope and pathologic examination were conducted periodically to observe the healing state of the hybrid artificial trachea. None of the dogs died during operation of cervical segmental trachea construction. But four dogs in the control group died of apnea in succession because artificial trachea was displaced and the lumen was obstructed, while 2 dogs died in the experimental group. In the first month there was granulation around anastomosis with slight stenosis. The rest of dogs were well alive until they were sacrificed 14 months later. The mean survival time of the experimental group was longer than that of the control group. The rate of infection, anastomotic dehiscence, severe stenosis and accidental death in the experimental group were lower than the control group (P < 0.05). Artificial trachea was encapsulated by fibrous tissue and no mucous membrane was seen in the lumen of the artificial trachea. The artificial trachea can be used to reconstruction of the defect of the trachea with long-term survival of the animals. The unique design of artificial trachea reduces stenosis around anastomosis effectively but infections and split or displacement of the artificial trachea are still major problems affecting long-term survival of the animals. Application of growth factors to a certain extent promotes tissue healing by changing the local environment.
Animals ; Artificial Organs ; Dogs ; Prostheses and Implants ; Prosthesis Design ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Titanium ; Trachea ; surgery

The goal of this work was to explore the prospect of standardized application of an in-vitro bioactivity assay for recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone based on a reporter gene. The relative accuracy, intermediate precision, linearity and applicable range of the method were validated according to the General Rules of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition Volume IV (9401). Three laboratories used this method to determine the in-vitro biological activities of six batches of drug product and three batches of drug substance manufactured by two different companies. The consistency of the potency determined by three laboratories, the intra-laboratory precision and inter-laboratory precision were analyzed. The method was optimized during the collaborative validation. The results of method validation meet the requirements of the General Rules of Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 edition Volume IV (9401). Aiming to resolve the problems found in the collaborative validation, the medium for cell seeding, the pre-diluted buffer solution of standard and sample, and the means of removing and discarding supernatant after stimulation were optimized. After optimization, there was no significant difference in the bioactivity among the different laboratories (P > 0.05), indicating statistical equivalency. Intra-laboratory and inter-laboratory precision were good and the geometric coefficient of variation (GCV%) were both less than 15%. In conclusion, the reporter gene assay has good intra-laboratory repeatability and inter-laboratory reproducibility and is suitable for analyzing recombinant human follicle-stimulating hormone drug product and drug substance by different manufacturers. It is expected to be used as a standardized method for the determination of the in-vitro bioactivity of such products.

The expression of Attractin mRNA and protein in testis and semen of human and male mice was investigated. Human testis and semen samples were all collected from Reproductive Center of Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University in December, 2012. Testis samples were collected from 7 cases of obstructive azoospermias when they were subjected to diagnosed testis biopsy, and 30 normal human semen samples were obtained from those cases of semen analysis. Adult mice testis tissues were obtained from 10 2-month-old male BALB/c mice, and 60 male mice at different ages were classified into 10 groups (day 1, 5, 10, 15, 21, 28, 35, 42, 56, and 120 respectively, n=6 each). The expression of Attractin mRNA and protein in testis was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively. Human semen samples were centrifuged into sperm plasma (SP) and sperm extract (SE), and mice sperm samples were collected from the epididymis of 10 adult male BALB/c mice. Western blotting was used to determine the Attractin protein expression level. Attractin mRNA and protein were expressed in the testis of both patients with obstructive azoospermias and adult Bcl/B mice. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed that no Attractin mRNA was detectable in day 1 male BALB/c mice group. The Attractin mRNA and protein levels were low on the day 10, and increased with age until day 56. On the day 120, the expression levels of Attractin were decreased. As for human semen samples, Attractin protein was expressed in both SP and SE, but didn't exist in samples from the epididymis of male BALB/c mice. It was suggested that Attractin acted as a novel active substance and was involved in male reproduction in both human and BALB/c mice, but it exerted a different expression profile in different mammal species.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility and the mid-term effects of unilateral pedicle screw fixation and transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion in treating lumbar degenerative diseases.

METHODSFrom August 2005 to May 2010, 56 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases underwent lumbar posterolateral fusion,their clinical data were retrospective analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups (unilateral group and bilateral group) according to fixation methods,27 patients in unilateral group who were underwent unilateral pedicle screw fixation, including 18 males and 9 females with a mean age of (57.5 ± 7.1) years old (ranged from 41 to 66 years); and 29 patients in bilateral group who were treated with bilateral pedicle screw fixation (on the basis of the above, with contralateral vertebral pedicle screw fixation), including 19 males and 10 females with a mean age of (54.6 ± 5.1) years old (ranged from 43 to 68 years). The clinical data such as operation time, blood loss volume, hospitalization time and cost were compared between two groups. JOA score system was used to evaluate the neurological function. And fusion status and cage-related complication were also analyzed.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up from 36 to 60 months with an average of 45.8 months. No iatrogenic nerve, blood vessels or organs injury were found during operation. Operation time, blood loss volume, hospitalization time and cost in unilateral group were better than that of bilateral group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in JOA score between two groups (P > 0.05). Two patients in unilateral group developed with cage related complications, 1 case was cage displacement and 1 case was cage subsidence, while 2 patients in bilateral group developed with complications of no-fusion, and there was no significant differences between two groups (P = 0.58).

CONCLUSIONUnilateral pedicle screw fixation is a satisfactory method and can obtain good effects in treating lumbar degenerative diseases in mid-term, however, the indications should be well considered.

Adult ; Aged ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedicle Screws ; Spinal Fusion ; methods