Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; genetics

Objective To study the effects of Batroxobin( BX) on the intimal proliferation of graft veins. Methods In this study 25 dogs were selected and evenly divided into experimental group, control group and sham operation group. In experiment and control group, a segment of auto- femoral vein were grafted into femoral artery by clean microsurgery technique. In experimental group, BX was given at the dosage of 0. 1 BU/kg, dayly?2 preoperatively, and once a day for consecutive 6 days postoperatively. Plasma NO, ET was determined in the three groups. Computer image analysis system was applied to calculate the thickness of neointima and media in the vein grafts, immunohistochemistry was used to identify PCNA and C-myc. Result The experimental group had a higher level of NO and lower level of ET compared with control group and sham operation group(P 0. 05 ). The PCNA expression in experimental group was statistically different from that of the control group(P

Dermatitis, Contact ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Dermatitis, Irritant ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans

Source identification of human biological materials in crime scene plays an important role in reconstructing the crime process. Searching specific genetic markers to identify the source of different human biological materials is the emphasis and difficulty of the research work of legal medical experts in recent years. This paper reviews the genetic markers which are used for identifying the source of human biological materials and studied widely, such as DNA methylation, mRNA, microRNA, microflora and protein, etc. By comparing the principles and methods of source identification of human biological materials using different kinds of genetic markers, different source of human biological material owns suitable marker types and can be identified by detecting single genetic marker or combined multiple genetic markers. Though there is no uniform standard and method for identifying the source of human biological materials in forensic laboratories at present, the research and development of a series of mature and reliable methods for distinguishing different human biological materials play the role as forensic evi-dence which will be the future development direction.

Objective To analyze the latency of posture evoked response of normal lower limb muscle in different stimulations and explore its influencing factors. Methods The normal lower limb was induced to produce postural evoked response by the dynamic posturography through two kinds of perturbations, the supporting surface rotation stimulation (Toes-up and Toes-down) and the horizontal perturbation stimulation (Forward and Backward). The latencies of tibialis anterior muscle and gastrocnemius muscle were recorded by surface electromyography acquisition system. The differences of the left and right limb, gen-der and height on the latency of postural evoked response were analyzed. Results (1) Under the Toes-up and Backward perturbation, the latency of tibialis anterior muscle was longer than gastrocnemius muscle;under the Toes-down and Forward perturbation, the latency of gastrocnemius muscle was longer than tib-ialis anterior muscle. (2) The latencies of left limb and right limb had no significant difference. (3) The la-tency in male was longer than that in female. (4) The latency gradually increased with the increase of height. Conclusion In the postural evoked response, different perturbations, gender and height have sig-nificant impacts on the latency of posture evoked response of lower limb muscle. However, the effect of height and gender should be not considered referring to the same individual.

Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease.Various treatment regimens and combinations of therapies provide only partial renoprotection.Therefore new approaches are needed to retard the progression of DN.The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of a novel spiroalkaloid from Acorus tatarinowii named acortatarin A (AcorA) in inhibiting high glucose-induced extracellular matrix accumulation in mesangial cells (MCs).Methods The cytotoxity of AcorA on MCs was examined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.The expression of fibronectin and collagen Ⅳ was examined by real time PCR and western blotting.The expression of p22phox and p47phox was detected by western blot.The interaction between p22phox and p47phox was examined by co-immunoprecipitation.The phosphorylation of p47phox was examined by immunoprecipitation.The phosphorylation of protein kinase C (PKC) α,PKCβ,phospholiase C gamma (PLCγ1),and the p85 subunit of PI3K was determined by Western blotting.Results AcorA significantly inhibited high glucose-induced activation of NADPH oxidase,a ROS-generating enzyme,by increasing phosphorylation of p47phox and enhancing interaction between p22phox and p47phox.Preincubation of AcorA with MCs inhibited high glucose-induced collagen Ⅳ and fibronectin production in a dose-dependent manner.Moreover,AcorA attenuated high glucose enhanced phosphorylation of PKCα,PKCβ,PLCγ1,and the p85 subunit of PI3K.Conclusion AcorA inhibits high glucose-induced extracellular matrix production via blocking NADPH oxidase activation.

Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZYD) is a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, is widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China over one hundred years. But its effect on antioxidant and drug-metabolizing enzymes are unknown. This study was to observe the effects of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction (XFZYD) on the activities of antioxidant and drug metabolism enzymes (DMEs) in liver of rats. Male SD rats, treated with XFZYD at the dosage of 3.51, 7.02 and 14.04 g x kg(-1) per day for 15 days, serum were collected, tissue fluid, cytosols and microsomes isolated from liver tissues were prepared by centrifugation according to the standard procedure, the activities of antioxidant enzymes and drug-Metabolizing Enzymes were determined by UV-V is spectrophotometer. In serum, the activities of AST was not significantly affected by the treatment with XFZYD, at the high- est dose, the levels of ALT, Cr and BUN were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). GPX were significantly increased at the dose of 7.02, 14.04 g x kg(-1) (P < 0.05), CAT were significantly increased at the highest dose (P < 0.05). T-SOD was not significantly af- fected by this treatment. In the liver tissue, GPX was significantly increased at the dose of 3.51, 7.02 g x kg(-1) (P < 0.05), GST, CAT and T-SOD were not significantly affected following this treatment. In cytosols, GST was significantly increased at the dose of 3.51 g x kg(-1) (P < 0.05), T-SOD was remarkable induced at the dose of 3.51 and 7.02 g x kg(-1) (P < 0.05). In microsomes, XFZYD had no significant effect on Cytochromeb5, NADPH-Cytochrome P450 reductase, CYP3A, CYP2E1 and UGT, XFZYD significantly in- duced GST at the dose of 3.51 and 7.02 g x kg(-1) (P < 0.05), and the level of GSH were significantly increased by XFZYD at the dose of 3.51, 7.02 and 14.04 g kg(-1) (P < 0.05). These findings suggest XFZYD can induce the activities of GPX, CAT, SOD, GST and increase GSH level in liver of rats, which indicate XFZYD may have detoxification and antioxidant functions.
Animals ; Antioxidants ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Inactivation, Metabolic ; drug effects ; Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To investigate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine combined with target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol and remifentanil for fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the elderly patients.Methods Forty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients,aged 65-75 yr,with body mass index of 20-30 kg/m2,scheduled for elective fiberoptic bronchoscopy,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each):control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).In group D,a loading dose of dexmedetomidine 0.5/μg/kg was injected at 10 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by infusion at 0.5 μg· kg-1 · h-1 until the end of fiberoptic bronchoscopy.While the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C.Anesthesia was induced with TCI of propofol and remifentanil.The target effect-site concentration (Ce) of propofol was 3 μg/ml.When the plasma concentration and Ce were balanced,TCI of remifentanil (target Ce 4 ng/ml) was started.The fiberoptic bronchoscope was placed after consciousness was lost and then the Ces of propofol and remifentanil were adjusted to 1-3 μg/ml and 2-4 ng/ml,respectively.MAP,HR and OAA/S score were recorded before induction (T0),immediately after induction (T1),when the tip of fiberoptic bronchoscope reached the glottis (T2) and carina (T3),at the end of bronchoscopy (T4)and 10 min after the end of bronchoscopy (T5).The consumption of propofol and remifentanil,duration of bron-choscopy,emergence time,adverse cardiovascular events and side effects such as hyoxemia,nausea and vomiting,regurgitation and aspiration were recorded.Results Compared with group C,OAA/S score at T5 and the consumption of propofol and remifentanil was reduced,and emergence time was shortened,and the incidence of hypotension and hyoxemia was decreased in group D (P ＜ 0.05).No patients developed side effects such as hyoxemia,nausea and vomiting,regurgitation and aspiration in both groups.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine (infusion at 0.5 μg·kg-1 ·h-1 after a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg) combined with TCI of propofol and remifentanil can be safely and effectively used for fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the elderly patients.

Zinc oxide nanowires were hydrothermally synthesized on the surface of an Au cylindrical spiral formed by manually spiraling an Au fiber around an optical fiber core, glucose oxidase was immobilized on these nanowires by physical adsorption, and then a spirally hierarchical structure-based glucose enzymatic electrode was obtained. The surface morphologies of the spirally hierarchical structures and corresponding enzymatic electrodes were extracted, and the electrochemical performances of the enzymatic electrodes were characterized. It was concluded that the synthesizing parameters of zinc oxide nanowires significantly affected the surface morphologies and glucose oxidase immobilization on the spirally hierarchical structures, and further the performances of related glucose sensors. With Zn2﹢concentration of the growth solution set at 25 mmol/L, the roughness of surface morphology was determined to be 0. 10 μm and correlation length 0. 29 μm, resulting in a better immobilization of glucose oxidase upon zinc oxide nanowires. In this case the sensitivity of the glucose sensor was determined to be 2. 15 μA/(mmol/L·cm2), the linear range was 0-4. 50 mmol/L, the low detection limit was 9. 20 μmol/L and Michaelis-Menten constant was 3. 68 mmol/L. The results not only benefit the batch production of the spirally hierarchical structure-based enzymatic electrodes, but also significantly improve the performances of the glucose sensors.

Objective There are differences in the diagnosis and treatment of primary melanocytoma in central nervous sys -tem.The article was to investigate the experience of its diagnosis and treatment . Methods Retrospective analysis were made on the clinical data of 14 cases with primary melanocytoma in central nervous system ( CNS) from January 1999 to December 2012, among which were 5 males and 9 females.The incidence ages were 14-52, average 32.7.The course of disease ranged from half a month to 19 years, geometric average 7.9 months.5 cases recurred and 9 cases occurred first.10 cases were intracranial and 4 were intraspinal. Results 14 patients underwent surgery and had pathologic diagnosis of melanocytoma .Total resection was performed in 7 patients, subtotal resection in 3, and partial resection in 1.Immunohistochemical study showed , in all cases, S-100 and HMB-45 were positive, GFAP and EMA were negative .Vimentin was positive in 8 cases and MelanA positive in 5 cases.12 cases recovered well and dis-charged except for paraplegia and facial paralysis in 1 case each. Conclusion Primary melanocytoma in CNS is very rare .Diagnosis is based on intraoperative findings , surgical pathology and immunohistochemistry results .Surgery is the primary therapy and early total resection is advocated .Adjuvant radiotherapy can reduce the recurrence rate .