OBJECTIVETo explore the efficacy and effect mechanism of the combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping method in the treatment of obesity and hyperlipidemia of liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency pattern in the patients.

METHODSOne hundred and four female patients were randomized into a combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping (combined therapy group) group method and an acupuncture group, 52 cases in each group. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied to Qimen (LR 14), Taichong (LR 3), Zhangmen (LR 13), Taibai (SP 3), Zusanli (ST 36), Geshu (BL 17), Ganshu (BL 18), Pishu (BL 20), etc. In the combined therapy group, on the basis of acupuncture treatment, the tapping method with plum blossom needle was used at each acupoint. The treatment was given once every two days, continuously for 3 months in the two groups. The indices were observed, including the obesity indices, such as body mass, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (F%) and obesity degree (A); the blood lipid levels such as total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL); the fat-islet axie relevant indices such as fasting plasma glucose (FBS), fasting leptin (FLP), fasting insulin (FINS), insulin sensitive index (ISI), insulin resistance in- dex (Homa IR), insulin secretion index (Homa-β) and autonomic nerve function index (Y value) before and after treatment in the patients of two groups. The efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rates were 96.2% (50/52) and 84.6% (44/52) in the combined therapy group and the acupuncture group respectively, without significant difference in comparison (P > 0.05). Obesity indices, blood lipid indices, fat-islet axie relevant indices and autonomic nerve function indices were all improved after treatment as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the improvements in the combined therapy group were much more significant (P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe combined therapy of acupuncture and tapping method achieves the double effects of weight loss and lipid loss in the treatment of obesity combined with hyperlipidemia. The effect mechanism is possibly related to the positive regulations of blood glucose, lipid metabolism and fat-islet axie in the patients.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperlipidemias ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Leptin ; metabolism ; Liver ; physiopathology ; Middle Aged ; Obesity ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Qi ; Spleen ; physiopathology ; Treatment Outcome ; Triglycerides ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) laparoscopic surgeries in the treatment of Todani type Ⅰ choledochal cyst.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinical data of 59 patients with Todani type Ⅰ choledochal cyst who were admitted to the People's Hospital of Hunan Province between January 2013 and January 2016 were collected.Thirty patients undergoing 2D laparoscopic surgery between January 2013 and June 2014 were allocated into the 2D group and 29 patients undergoing 3D laparoscopic surgery between July 2014 and January 2016 were allocated into the 3D group.There were the same Trocar placement and surgical procedure in the 2 groups,and surgical procedure completely followed the treatment principle of Todani type Ⅰ choledochal cyst.Observation indicators included (Ⅰ) surgical situations:conversion to open surgery,operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,(2) postoperative situations:postoperative complications,(3) follow-up.Patients were followed up by outpatient examination or telephone interview to detect postoperative recovery up to April 30,2016.Measurement data with skewed distribution were presented as M (range) and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.Count data were compared by Fisher exact probability.Results (1) Surgical situations:patients in the 2 groups underwent laparoscopic choledochal cystectomy + Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy.Two patients in the 2D group received conversion to open surgery and patients in the 3D group received the successful surgery without conversion to open surgery.Rate of conversion to open surgery in the 2D and 3D groups were 6.7％ (2/30) and 0,respectively,with no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Operation time in the 2D and 3D groups were 285 minutes (range,240-390 minutes) and 190 minutes (range,140-215 minutes),with a statistically significant difference (U =40.0,P ＜ 0.05).Volume of intraoperative blood loss in the 2D and 3D groups were 50 mL (range,10-300mL) and 45 mL (range,20-250 mL),with no statistically significant difference (U =1 018.5,P ＞ 0.05).(2)Postoperative situations:patients in the 2 groups had good recovery,without occurrence of severe complications in Clavien-Dindo≥ Ⅲ stage.Four and 1 patients in the 2D and 3D groups were complicated with bile leakage (in Ⅱ stage of Clavien-Dindo) and 1 and 1 were complicated with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (in]][stage of Clavien-Dindo),respectively,with no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Overall incidence of complications in the 2D and 3D groups were 16.7％ (5/30) and 10.3％ (3/29),with no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).All the patients were cured by conservative treatment.(3) Follow-up:59 patients were followed up for 5-36 months,with good recovery and without occurrence of reflux cholangitis,hepatic and intestinal anastomosis stenosis and reoperation.Conclusions 3D and 2D laparoscopic surgeries are safe and effective for Todani type Ⅰ choledochal cyst.Compared with 2D laparoscopic surgery,3D laparoscopic surgery can reduce the operation time and not increase the complications,and it should be discreetly promoted based on the experiences of surgeons.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of 1-hydroxy-2, 3, 5-trimethoxyxanthone (QGS) on acute lung injury of mice induced by ip lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Mice were pretreated with QGS for 7 d. Murine models of acute lung injury were duplicated by injection of LPS 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally. In 12 h, the lung weight index was observed and the NO level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured with kits. The lung was also assessd for the expression of I-?B, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-Ⅱ (COX-2) using Western blotting analysis. Lung pathological changes were also observed by HE in each group. Results The lung weight index of injury lung in mice induced by LPS was decreased in 500 mg/kg QGS group (P

It has been well known that apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest are typical biological effects observed in cancer cells after proteasome inhibition. TH2 is a new natural xanthone analogue isolated from the resin of Garcinia hurburyi tree. Here, the cell growth inhibition of TH2 on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Bel-7402) was evaluated in vitro using SRB assay. The treatment of 10 ?mol/L TH2 reduced the surviving fraction from 86% (12 h) to 17.2% (48 h). To assess whether TH2 induce apoptosis, the appearance of sub-G1 peak, a specific fraction for apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analysis. Progressive increase in the percentage of apoptotic population was observed in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, a cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a marker of early apoptosis, was observed clearly when the cells exposed to 10 ?mol/L of TH2 for 24 h by immunoblotting analysis. In vitro activities of 20 S proteasome purified from human erythrocytes on fluorogenic peptide substrates revealed that TH2 inhibited the trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like and peptidylglutamyl peptide hydrolyzing activities in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the turnover of tumor suppressor p53, a sign of deregulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction by classical proteasome inhibitors, was disrupted in Bel-7402 cells. All these data indicate that TH2 had inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Bel-7402 cells and induction of apoptosis, which might be related to its inhibition of proteasome.

Objective:To explore the relationship between YKL-40 and the proliferation of breast cancer and its mechanism.Methods:The expression of YKL-40 in breast cancer MCF-7 cells was detected by immunofluorescence assay.Fluorescence microscope was used to observe the conversion efficiency,and Real-time PCR was used to screen the most effective YKL-40 siRNA.Expression levels of PI3K,P-PI3K,AKT,P-AKT of the PI3K/AKT pathway associated proteins was test by Western blot.At the same time,MTT and flow cytometry were validated by YKL-40 siRNA treatment of human breast cancer MCF-7 ceils,the differences of 24h,48h and 72h groups of cell proliferation ability and cell cycle.Result:MCF-7 cell express YKL-40 protein,mainly located in the cytoplasm.Real-time PCR show that siRNA01,siRNA02,siRNA03 compared with NC group YKL-40 gene silencing effect is remarkable.Among of them the strongest silencing effect is siRNA02 (P＜0.01),Western blot show the experimental group than the control group,Total PI3K and AKT remain unchanged while P-PI3K,P-AKT expression decreased (P＜0.05).In the experimental group,the number of G1 cells in the control group was increased (P＜0.01),while the S phase cells decreased (P＜0.01).MTT results showed that the experimental group compared with the control group,the proliferation ability is decreased(P＜0.01).Conclusions This study suggests that YKL-40 can be used as the upstream regulatory factor of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and affect the process of cell cycle in breast cancer,and then regulate the proliferation of breast cancer,YKL-40 may be a crucial target for the treatment of breast cancer.

The corneal transparency is one of the important basic conditions for realizing normal physiological functions of visual organs. Also corneal endothelial cells are important conditions for maintaining normal corneal transparency. Therefore, only to ensure the morphology and physiological integrity of the corneal endothelial, can have normal vision. However, intraocular surgeries inevitably cause damage to corneal endothelial cells. This paper will review the effects of glaucoma surgery on corneal endothelial cells.

AIM:To investigate the effects of MG132,one of the proteasomal peptide aldehydes inhibitors,on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nuclear transcription factor-kappa B(NF-?B) activation,the production of nitric oxide(NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-?),as well as the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in murine macrophage line RAW264.7.METHODS:Reporter gene assay was used to examine the activity of NF-?B by pNiFty-SEAP/HEK293 cells,which were transfected with the pNiFty reporter plasmid into human embryo kidney cells(HEK293).Fluorescence substrate DAF-2DA was used to testify NO level in Raw264.7 cell line induced by LPS.Furthermore,the secretion of TNF-? was examined by ELISA.Western blotting was used to reveal the expression of iNOS and I?B-?.RESULTS:MG132 significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-? induced by LPS,with the inhibitory rates of 36.7% and 60.4% to 5 ?mol/L and 10 ?mol/L MG132,respectively.The pro-inflammatory mediator NO production was decreased in a dose-dependent manner with the inhibitory rates increasing from 29.5%(2 ?mol/L) to 55.9%(10 ?mol/L).Pretreatment with MG132 reduced the expression of iNOS,but restored the I?B restrain caused by LPS treatment.Observed by a reporter gene assay,TNF-?-induced NF-?B activity was decreased gradually by addition of increasing concentration of MG132(2.5-10 ?mol/L).CONCLUSION:Our results suggest an anti-inflammation effect of MG132 by the suppression of LPS-induced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators including NO and TNF-?,and the expression of iNOS,which probably mediates the blockage of I?B degradation and NF-?B activation.

Objective To complete the large international cooperation nursing research project Adapting a Smoking Cessation Intervention Distance Learning Program to Educate Nurses in China(CRN-HSQ) cooperating with International Society of Nurses in Cancer Care (ISNCC).Methods The contact team was formed,convenience sampling method was used to choose 350 clinical nurses in our hospital.They were trained and investigated by web-based education mode.Results The contact team finished the project tasks smoothly.The satisfaction degree of research object with the contact team was high.Conclusions Establishment of contact team is good for shortening the information flow path,reducing the information transmission error,increasing the research objects' confidence and reducing the research objects turnover.It is very helpful for project with long period and large number of research objects.

BACKGROUND:As current studies on isolation, culture andcryopreservation of human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are relatively scattered, it is difficult to form a comprehensive and effective solution to meet the clinical needs of stem cells for transplantation in future.OBJECTIVE:To establish the technology of isolation, culture and cryopreservation of hAECs, and to study the biological characteristics of hAECs.METHODS:Orthogonal method was used to study the effects of different factors on the separation, culture and cryopreservation, and range method was adopted to analyze the data to optimize the separation, culture and cryopreservation. We performed cell primary and passage cultures, morphology observed by microscope, drawn cell growth curve and flow cytometry assay, immunofluorescence staining, hepatocyte like cell differentiation to study the biological characteristics of hAECs.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The optimal hAECs separation conditions were as follows:trypsin digestions were conducted at a concentration of 0.25%, four times, once for 20 minutes digestion; optimal conditions of culture were 4×108/L cell seeding density, 10 μg/L epidermal growth factor, 5% serum; optimal conditions of cryopreservation were 1×1010/L cell cryopreservation density, 10% dimethyl sulfoxide, 80% serum. (2) The primary cells were adhered to the wall in 2-3 days, exhibiting irregular polygon, paving stone-like growth. Cell adherence and growth rate were accelerated after subculture, and the growth and proliferation ability of passage 2 cells were not significantly decreased after cryopreservation and resuscitation. (3) Immunofluorescence staining showed that the primary cells strongly expressed SSEA-4 and CK19, but did not express Vimentin, CD45 and HLA-DR. The immunophenotype statistics of the primary and passage 4 cells showed the epithelial mesenchymal transition of hAECs in culture process. (4) Immunofluorescence staining showed that the liver cell marker expression of ALB, CK18 was significantly increased after hAECs were induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells. Glycogen staining revealed glycogen synthesis in hAECs after 3 weeks of induction. To conclude, hAECs are easy to obtain and have strong proliferation ability in vitro, and express surface markers for undifferentiated embryonic stem cells.

BACKGROUND:The low oxygen environment after femoral fracture and cerebral trauma wil induce series of related cytokines expression, including hypoxia-inducible factor 1αand core binding factorα1, which play key roles in regulating bone healing. However, whether the accelerated bone healing is correlated with the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1αand core binding factorα1 is stil unknown.
OBJECTIVE:To construct rat models of brain injury, to compare the expression level of hypoxia-inducible factor 1αand core binding factorα1 in femoral fracture combined with cerebral trauma rats and simple femoral fracture rats, and to assess the influence of cerebral trauma on bone healing.
METHODS:Rats were randomly divided into blank group, simple femoral fracture group and femoral fracture combined with cerebral trauma group. At 1, 2, 3 and 5 weeks after modeling, rats were executed. Bone healing was evaluated using femoral fracture end X-ray score and hematoxylin and eosin staining at cal us tissues. Besides, the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1αand core binding factorα1 of three groups were determined with immunohistochemistry.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Bone healing in the femoral fracture combined with cerebral trauma group was better than that of simple femoral fracture group. There was significant difference in the expression level of hypoxia-inducible factor 1αand core binding factorα1 between the simple femoral fracture group and femoral fracture combined with cerebral trauma group (P<0.05). At the same time, the level of simple femoral fracture group and femoral fracture combined with cerebral trauma group was significantly higher than that of blank group, and that in femoral fracture combined with cerebral trauma group was significantly higher than that of simple femoral fracture group (P<0.05). Results verified that the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor 1αand core binding factorα1 of rats with femoral fracture combined with cerebral trauma were significantly high, which may be the major reason why the bone healing was accelerated after fracture combined with brain injury.