Humans ; Metabolic Syndrome ; prevention & control

Translational medicine, characterized by multi-disciplinary cooperation, is a new research area focusing on patients. Although translational medicine is still in its early stages in China, it has attracted increasing attention. To apply translational medicine, it is essential to implement the principles and methods of systematic biology to break the inherent barriers between basic and clinical science. Moreover, it is important to update research ideas, strengthen the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and construct public library research resources and exchange platforms.

Objective To explore the prevention of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury through the exposure recurrent laryngeal nerve by different ways in thyroid operation.Methods The patients with thyroid surgery were selected as study objects,and they were randomly divided into the inferior horn of thyroid cartilage and the inferior thyroid artery group according to the digital table.The operation time,amount of bleeding and the time of postoperative hospitalization were compared between the two groups,and the incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury was analyzed.Results The differences were not statistically significant in the operation time,amount of bleeding and the time of postoperative hospitalization between the two groups (t=1.294,0.967,1.008,all P>0.05).The incidence rate of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in the inferior thyroid artery group(4.61%) was higher than that in the thyroid cartilage angle group(1.54%)(χ2=4.203,P<0.05).The incidence rates of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in subtotal thyroidectomy were 15.38% and 5.26% respectively,and the incidence rates of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in subtotal thyroidectomy were 12.5% and 0.0%,the differences were statistically significant (χ2=5.729,8.237,all P<0.05),but there was no statistically significant difference in partial thyroidectomy(χ2=1.182,P>0.05).Conclusion The exposure recurrent laryngeal nerve through the inferior horn of thyroid cartilage in thyroid operation can protect the recurrent laryngeal nerve,and can not increase the operation time,bleeding volume and the hospitalization time after surgery,which is worthy of further application.

Proteomics was be widely used in different kinds of diseases recently.The role of proteomics has also expanded from comparative proteomic research to the analysis of function of proteins and interaction of proteins.Our article summarized specially that the role of proteomics may play in the discovery of hepatocellular carcinoma biomarker in the recent years.

BACKGROUND:Stimulation of the pudendal nerve as a target can improve neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury, by adjusting the frequency, intensity, pulse width, as wel as regulating synergistic effect of detrusor and urethral sphincter. OBJECTIVE: To assess the research status of electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve in the treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury. METHODS: We searched the folowing databases for articles addressing electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve for neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury: PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controled Trials (CENTRAL), China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. The search was updated to July 2014, and the reference lists of the identified studies were manualy screened for additional studies. The study selection and data extraction were independently conducted by two reviewers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fourteen studies were included in this review. We derived the folowing points by analyzing the included studies: Electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve has positive effects on rehabilitation of neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury; pudendal nerve electrical stimulation can modulate the coordination of the detrusor and the external urethral sphincter, improve the bladder compliance and restore bladder function by regulating pudendal-to-bladder reflex and spinal reflexes to the bladder. Electrical stimulation of the pudendal nerve may be potentialy implemented as a feasible treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury. More high quality researches should be conducted to clarify the efficacy and the potential active mechanisms of pudendal nerve electrical stimulation for neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury because the number of clinical reports published in this study area is limited, neurophysiological mechanisms underlying biphasic regulation of frequency on bladder function are not wel known, and which intensity of pudendal nerve electrical stimulation is more effective than others for the treatment of neurogenic bladder dysfunction after spinal cord injury remains unknown.

Objective To overcome the fact that SRV-NM virus can only multiple and amplify through partially pu-rified jaagsiekte retrovirus inoculated intratracheally in sheep but it cannot be augmented using in vitro cell culture, we con-structed JSRV-NM pseudovirions based on high efficiency packing system of lentivirus. Methods Lentivirus of three high efficiency packing plasmids system pMD.G, pCMV-HIV 8.2 and pHIV-eGFP was developed, and JSRV-NM-env coated plasmid pCMVJSRV-NM was used to substitute VSV-G virus coated plasmid pMD.G then co-transfected into 293T cells to replicate, package and produce restructured JSRV-NM pseudovirions. Gene expression of pseudovirion was determined through WPRE using real time PCR; Virus infectivity was detected through inoculating JSRV-NM pseudovirions into 24 pore plates. Results We construct JSRV-NM pseudovirions successfully based on the lentivirus system. JSRV-NM pseudo-virions can also be concentrated to higher titer (108 TU/mL detected by real time PCR by ultracentrifugation without signifi-cant loss of activity. JSRV-NM and VSV-G pseudovirions infected on Hela cells (both MOI= 3) respectively and no obvi-ous difference were shown on their infection efficiency detected by real time PCR. Conclusion Based on lentivirus system, JSRV-NM pseudovirions can be multipled and amplified in 293T cell culture in vitro. JSRV-NM pseudovirions is stable without loss its infection activity and the requirements of biological laboratory safety II was also met. JSRV-NM pseudoviri-ons will provide a useful tool for further study of JSRV-NM-env infection across species or its induction of lung adenocarci-noma.

Laboratory animals and animal experiments are foundations and important support conditions for life sciences, especially for medical research. The animal experiments have drawn extensive attention from the society because of the ethical issue. This paper takes Wenzhou Medical University as an example to give a brief introduction to the ethical review about laboratory animals in the university so as to further draw attention and concerns from the public about the ethical issue of laboratory animals. We successively introduce its scientific projects, nurturing environment and ethical review of laboratory animals.
Animal Experimentation ; ethics ; Animals ; Animals, Laboratory ; Universities

Objective To investigate the methods for repairing skin defects after excision of small cutaneous malignant tumors at the lower one third part of nose and their clinical effects.Methods Lesions of small cutaneous malignant tumors at lower one third part of the nose were removed in 54 patients.Intraoperative pathology was performed to confirm the absence of survival carcinoma tissues after resection.According to the site,size,shape and neighborous skin status of defects,bilobed flaps,two-side rotation flaps and nasolabial flaps were selected to repair nasal skin tissue defects.Results There were 39(72.22%) cases of basal cell carcinoma, 9(16.67%) squamous cell carcinoma, 6(11.11%) keratoacanthoma.Skin defects after tumor removal were situated at the lower one third part of nose in all cases with less than 2.0 cm in diameter.Bilobed flaps were used to repair skin defects in 20 cases.rotation flaps in 2 cases,and nasolabial flap in 32 cases.As a result,all flaps survived and no obvious deformation of nose was observed in these cases.No recurrence occurred in a 5-year follow-up.Conclusion A satisfactory repair of skin defects at the lower one third part of nose with a diameter of less than 2.0 cm is achieved with bilobed flaps,two-side rotation flaps and nasolabial flaps.

Objective:To isolate cancer stem cells from cervical carcinoma and to identify their biological characteristics. Methods:Tumor specimens were obtained from 19 cervical cancer patients at stages ⅠA-ⅡB. Primary cells were cultured in tumor sphere medium (TSM) after mechanical dissociation combined with enzymatic digestion. A series of assays were used to identify the characteristics of the sphere forming cells derived from primary culture. Colony formation was observed by limiting dilution method. MTT assay was used to assess proliferation inhibition by paclitaxel and doxorubicin. Cell surface markers were analysed by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS). The expression of stemness-related genes, drug resistance-related genes, and oncogenes were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting. Tumorigenicity was evaluated by subcutaneous injection of 1×10~5 sphere-forming cells into nude mice. The tumor formation capability was recorded and pathological classification was performed.Results:After 10 to 15 d culture, the formation of non-adherent spheres could be observed in 8 out of 19 primary tumor cells. The formation ratio was increased with the increase in clinical staging. Sphere-forming cells had colony formation capability. Paclitaxel (100 nmol/L) and doxorubicin (100 nmol/L) inhibited the proliferation of these cells by (77.65±6.46)% and (48.00±7.15)%, respectively. The difference was significant (P<0.01). FACS detection results indicated the phenotypes of sphere-forming cells were CD34~-CD105~-CD44~+CK17~+. RT-PCR detection indicated that spheres expressed stemness-related genes (Oct4 and Piwil2), drug resistance gene ABCG2, and oncogenes (c-myc, sox-2 and stat3). Western blotting further indicated stemness-related protein (Oct4 and Piwil2) expression in spheres. Tumors appeared in all animals at 12 weeks after subcutaneous injection of 1×10~5 sphere forming cells and exhibited a high degree of similarity with the primary tumor in cervical cancer patients. Conclusion:Human cervical cancer stem cells were successfully isolated,which provided a useful model for individualized therapy and evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy for cervical cancer patients.

Objective To analyze the composition of and drug resistance in bacteria isolated from the lesions of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the face and head.Methods Lesional tissue or discharges were obtained from 246 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the face and head,and subjected to conventional bacterial culture.The isolated bacteria were identified by VITEK TWO automated microbiology system.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by Kirby-bauer method.WHONET 5.3 software was utilized for statistical analysis.Results Totally,294 bacterial strains were isolated,including 168 Gram-negative bacteria (57.1％)and 126 Gram-positive bacteria(42.9％).The bacterial isolates were predominated by Staphylococcus aureus(21.4％),followed by Escherichia coli(20.4％),Staphylococcus epidermidis(18.4％),Klebsiellapneumoniae(15.4％)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(9.5％).The prevalence was 40％,26.7％,42.9％ and 55.6％ respectively for extended spectrum β lactamases-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae,methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative S.epidermidis(MRCNS)respectively.P.aeruginosa,E.coli and K.pneumoniae were highly susceptible to imipenem and meropenem,and favorably sensitive to β-lactam and β-1actamase inhibitor combination.No resistance was observed for vancomycin,teicoplanin or linezolid in staphylococci.Conclusions The bacterial isolates from squamous cell carcinoma tissue on the head and neck are predominated by conditional pathogenic bacteria,and the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria is higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria.These isolates seem to be highly resistant to common antibiotics.