Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate combined with bailing capsule in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD).Methods Eighty cases with COPD were recruited in this study from Dec 2011 to Feb 2013.The included subjects were randomized divided into experiment group (n=38) and control group (n=42).Patients in experiment group were given salmeterol/fluticasone propionate (50 μg/100 μg) combined with bailing capsule 3 g? d-1 , while patients in the control group were given salme-terol/fluticasone propionate only.After 6 -month treatment, the data of forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1 ) , forced vital capacity(FVC), FEV1/FVC and 6 minutes walking test(6MWT) were recorded and compared between two groups. Results The data of FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC and 6MWT were all improved after 6-month treatment in the groups ( P <0.05 ) .The onset rate in the experiment group was much lower than that in the control group [ ( 2.8 ±1.9 ) vs (4.1 ±2.1), P<0.05], and the COPD stable period in the experiment group was much longer than that in the control group [(209.3 ±34.2) vs (47.2 ±54.3), P<0.05].Conclusion The salmeterol/fluticasone propionate combined with bailing capsule can significantly prevent the COPD patients from acute seizures, and the quality of life would be improved.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the deformation of ProTaper rotary instruments using in root canals of different curvature in vitro.

METHODSExtracted first mandibular molars were divided into two experimental groups according to the curvature of mesial buccal canals: group A with moderate curvature and group B with severe curvature. Only the mesial buccal canals of all these teeth were prepared with 6 sets of new ProTaper rotary instruments individually. Additionally, the control group was established with a set of new ProTaper rotary instruments. After finishing each canal preparation, the instruments accompanied by control were examined under the stereomicroscope by an inspector without knowing the group. If distortion, unwinding, abrasion or fracture occurred within one set of instruments, then the whole set was disposed. The sets without problems were in use until 30 times. After 5, 10, 20 times canal preparation, S1, F1 files without deformation under stereomicroscope were examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM).

RESULTSDeformation of ProTaper rotary instruments happened after 12 times in group A and after 7 times in group B. In these two experimental groups, microcracks were found increasing with the times of use under SEM in the instruments without deformation under stereomicroscope. The microcracks on tip of instruments were deep in the early use and became smoother after 10 times. Similar changes happened on knife-edge of instruments, and the microcracks extended over the edge after 20 times use.

CONCLUSIONRoot canals with severe curvature tend to damage ProTaper rotary instruments more frequently than moderately curved canals. ProTaper rotary instruments are appropriate to treat less than 7 root canals with severe curvature or 12 root canals with moderate curvature. Stereomicroscope is recommended to detect early damages on Ni-Ti rotary instruments, for preventing instruments fracture in clinic.

Bicuspid ; Dental Alloys ; Dental Instruments ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Molar ; Nickel ; Root Canal Preparation ; Titanium

OBJECTIVESTo study the inhibitory effects of mouse telomerase RNA (mTR) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(ASODN) on telomerase activity in rat spermatogonia.

METHODS9-mer phosphorothioate mTR-ASODN was encapsulated by Lipofect AMINE 2000 (LF 2000) and transfected to type A spermatogonia in Snrague Dawley (SD) rat. Telomerase activity was detected by aid of TRAP-SYBR-Green staining and Bioluminescence technique in type A spermatogonia treated or untreated with ASODN.

RESULTSmTR-ASODN conjugated with LF 2000 could significantly inhibit telomerase activity of spermatogonia(P < 0.01). mTR mRNA level also decreased while the spermatogonia were treated with ASODN for 24 h. No change of telomerase activity and apoptosis were observed when SODN, RODN or single LF 2000 was used.

CONCLUSIONSAntisense oligodeoxynucleotide of mTR conjugated with LF 2000 could significantly inhibit telomerase activity of spermatogonia. mTR-ASODN might inhibit telomerase activity of spermatogonia at transcription level.

Animals ; Male ; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense ; pharmacology ; RNA ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spermatogonia ; cytology ; enzymology ; ultrastructure ; Telomerase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism

Humans ; Male ; RNA ; analysis ; Telomerase ; genetics ; Testicular Neoplasms ; genetics

To investigate the prevalence of drug-resistance mutations, resistance to antiretroviral drugs, and the subsequent virological response to therapy in treatment-naive and antiretroviral-treated patients infected with HIV/AIDS in Henan, China, a total of 431 plasma samples were collected in Queshan county between 2003 and 2004, from patients undergoing the antiretroviral regimen Zidovudine + Didanosine + Nevirapine (Azt+Ddi+Nvp). Personal information was collected by face to face interview. Viral load and genotypic drug resistance were tested. Drug resistance mutation data were obtained by analyzing patient-derived sequences through the HIVdb Program (http://hivdb.stanford.edu). Overall, 38.5% of treatment-naive patients had undetectable plasma viral load (VL), the rate significantly increased to 61.9% in 0 to 6 months treatment patients (mean 3 months) (P＜0.005) but again significantly decrease to 38.6% in 6 to 12 months treatment patients (mean 9 months) (P＜0.001) and 40.0% in patients receiving more than 12 months treatment (mean 16 months) (P＜0.005). The prevalence of drug resistance in patients who had a detectable VL and available sequences were 7.0%, 48.6%, 70.8%, 72.3% in treatment-na(1)ve, 0 to 6 months treatment, 6 to 12 months treatment, and treatment for greater than 12 months patients, respectively. No mutation associated with resistance to Protease inhibitor (PI) was detected in this study. Nucleoside RT inhibitor (NRTI) mutations always emerged after non-nucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI) mutations, and were only found in patients treated for more than 6 months, with a frequency less than 5%, with the exception of mutation T215Y (12.8%, 6/47) which occurred in patients treated for more than 12 months. NNRTI mutations emerged quickly after therapy begun, and increased significantly in patients treated for more than 6 months (P＜0.005), and the most frequent mutations were K103N, V106A, Y181C, G190A. There had been optimal viral suppression in patients undergoing treatment for less than 6 months in Queshan,Henan. The drug resistance strains were highly prevalent in antiretroviral-treated patients, and increased with the continuation of therapy, with many patients encountering virological failure after 6 months therapy.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the experiences of diagnosis and treatment for vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting-tumors (VIPoma) by summarizing clinical informations of 15 patients with VIPoma.

METHODSTo analyze Clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, imaging features, operation, pathological findings and follow up survey of 15 patients, among them 1 case from our hospital and the other 14 cases were searched in chinese biological and medical literature database from Jan 1987 to Dec 2002.

RESULTSThe main clinical manifestation include periodical secretory watery diarrhea, hypokalemia, achlorhydria, in addition, periodical backache, skin rash, and polyps of colon were presented in the case in our hospital. The immunohistochemical expression of many kinds of digestive hormone including VIP presented positive; All clinical symptoms of which except polyps disappeared after operation, elevated VIP data in serum also markedly decreased. Part resection of superior mesenteric vein was performed in the same patient.

CONCLUSIONSVIPoma is rare. Typical symptoms and the serum value of VIP were keys to diagnosis, the operation is the most effective means for treatment. Resection of tumor, Radiofrequency tissue ablation, liver transplantation can be selected for metastatic VIPoma in the liver.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; secretion ; Vipoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo analyze epidemiological features of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Haidian district, Beijing.

METHODSEach SARS case was interviewed by trained investigator using standardized questionnaire followed a descriptive analysis.

RESULTSFour hundred and three SARS cases were identified and 27 of them died from March 18 and May 31, 2003. The incidence rate of SARS was 18.0/100,000 with case fatality rate as 6.7% in Haidian district, Beijing. Seventy-four percent of patients were adults with higher risk in age group of 20 - 29 year. SARS patients were scattered around in 32 out of 33 streets and villages in this district. The disease appeared to be sporadic but the case of outbreaks in family or university only seen in three streets. The course of SARS epidemic in this district could be divided into three phases: initial-which last for days, peak-21 days and then rapid decline-for 26 days. Number of patients having had a history of close contact to other SARS were gradually decreasing along with the process of the epidemics (trend chi(2) = 8.800, P = 0.003). Seventy-two point seven percent of the SARS cases had been exposed to the injection in the hospital settings. When the epidemics came to a rapid decline, 85.7% of the patients diagnosed during that period could be traced down to have had the history of contacting SARS cases within their own families. The distribution of occupation was also showed significantly different in the three respective stages (chi(2) = 36.41, P < 0.01). Among the patients who could not be identified as having confirmed contact history, 26.6% having had outward activities and 47.6% of them visited hospitals, especially during the peak stage.

CONCLUSIONThe intensity of SARS epidemic among the residents of Haidian district was recognized as similar to the other parts of Beijing. Nosocomial infection in hospital settings was most important cause responsible for the transmission of SARS in this district.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Contact Tracing ; Cross Infection ; transmission ; Family Health ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; epidemiology ; mortality ; transmission ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo explore the molecular basis for three pedigrees affected with hypophosphatemia vitamin D resistant rickets (X-linked hypophosphatemia, XLH).

METHODSPeripheral blood samples from the three pedigrees were collected. Following DNA extraction, the 11 exons and flanking regions of the PHEX gene were subjected to PCR amplification and direct sequencing. Pathogenicity of identified mutations was evaluated through genotype-phenotype correlation.

RESULTSFor pedigrees 1 and 2, pathogenic mutations were respectively identified in exon 8 (c.871C>T, p.R291X) and exon 15 (c.1601C>T, p.P534L) of the PHEX gene. For pedigree 3, a novel mutation (c.1234delA, p.S412Vfs*12) was found in exon 11 of the PHEX gene, which caused shift the reading frame and premature termination of protein translation.

CONCLUSIONThe three mutations probably account for the XLH in the affected pedigrees. The discovery of novel mutations has enriched the spectrum of PHEX gene mutations.

Objective To assess the changes in iodine status and dietary iodine intake among Shanghai residents since common salt was iodized 20 years ago.Methods As-CE Catalysis spectrophotometry was used to determinate the urine iodine level in school-age children,pregnant women,wet nurse and adults of Shanghai between 1995 and 2015.B ultrasonic was used to determinate the thyroid volume of school-age children.And then the goiter rate was calculated.Direct titration or arbitration methods were applied to detect the household salt iodine level quantitatively.The survey was conducted by using 3 days 24-hour dietary questionnaire and condiment weighing methods to analyze the level of iodine intake and sources for the cases of all iodized salt consumption and all consumption of non-iodized salt.Results The median urine iodine concentration (UIC) of school age children was 72.3 μg/L in 1995,rose to 214-231 μg/L from 1997-1999,and then became stable between 100 μg/L and 200 μg/L since 2002.The goiter rate was below 5% among children aged 8-10 from 1995-2015 in Shanghai.The median urine iodine of pregnant women was between 126.5 μg/L and 139.8 μg/L.The median UIC of other populations were all between 100 μg/L and 200 μg/L: with adults,lactating women,infants and young children and women of childbearing age,the median urinary iodine was 138.4,123.1-131.1,150.1 and 125.6 μg/L.The qualified iodized salt at household consumption rate was 90% from 2001 to 2009,the percentage declined year by year from 2010.In the cases of all taking iodine salt,the median iodine intake volume for male aged 7-10,11-13,14-18 and over 18 was 200.3,235.5,252.7 and 215.4 μg/L;women aged 7-10,11-13,14-18 and over 18 was 193.0,213.8,208.3 and 186.1 μg/L.The contribution rate of iodine salt in the diet were 51.6%-54.1% and 49.1%-53% in men and women.Kelp,seaweed and fish and shrimp on the contribution of iodine are 7.6%-16.6% and 4.5%-7.4%.Conclusion In the past about 20 years,iodine nutritional status of residents in Shanghai has stabilized totally in a appropriate and safe level.However,the iodine nutrition of pregnant women was insufficient.As iodized salt is the major source of dietary iodine in coastal areas,it is still necessary to continue the policy of universal salt iodized in Shanghai to ensure residents'' needs for iodine and control the risk of iodine deficiency.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of inducing differentiation of the human amniotic mesenchymal cells (hAMCs) into osteoblasts in vitro, so as to provide the seed cells for bone tissue engineering.

METHODSThe hAMCs were isolated from abandoned human amnion and cultured in osteogenic media to induce the osteogenic differentiation in vitro. After hAMCs were induced by osteogenic media for 15 days, morphological observation, immunocytochemistry and western blot were used to study the cellular morphology and expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), type I collagen, osteopontin and osteocalcin.

RESULTSThe primary cultured hAMCs had long spindle shape or irregular shape, which were distributed evenly. The cells were usually suheultured in 5 or 7 days. After subculture, the cells became larger. After cultured by osteogenic media for 15 days, the hAMCs were detected to express ALP, osteocalcin and osteopontin, and secrete type I collagen.

CONCLUSIONSThe hAMCs are isolated, cultured and amplified easily in vitro. The induced differentiated cells by osteogenic media have typical osteoblast morphological and functional characteristics, which can be used as seed cells for bone tissue engineering.

Amnion ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; Tissue Engineering ; methods