Aromatase inhibitors(AIs) are standard therpy for postmenopausal women with estrogen responsive breast cancers.By inhibiting the aromatase enzyme,causing decreases in endogenous estrogens,the treatment of Als is responsible for lower bone mineral density(BMD) and increased fractures.Therefore,early recognition, prevention,and/or treatment of AI-induced bone loss is needed.Zoledronic acid is specific inhibitors of osteoclasts and extensively used in bone metastasis patients.Recently, there are several trials evaluating the use of in- travenous zoledronic acid as prevention and treatment of AI-induced bone loss in postmenopausal women with breast cancer.In this article, we aim to review the use of zoledronic acid in this population including the response and safety.

Objective To investigate the effect of Intestinal Function-recovering Decoction on the bacteria and endotoxin translocation and the content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in serum of rats with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS).Methods Fifty-seven SD rats were divided into four groups randomly:control group,MODS group,decoction group and ampicillin group.We detected the content of endotoxin in the peripheral vein,portal vein and ileum.Bacterial translocation,change of ileum mucous membrane in pathomorphology and the contents of MDA,SOD,ALT,AST,Cr and BUN in serum in each group were also examined.Results The hepatic and renal function and ileum mucous membranes were significantly damaged in MODS group,decoction group and ampicillin group.Compared with those in MODS group,serum MDA,ALT,AST,Cr,BUN and endotoxin in the peripheral vein,portal vein and ileum in decoction group were significantly lower(P0.01).It exhibited a negative correlation between serum MDA and SOD in MODS group and ampicillin group(P

Objective To establish a method for the determination of berberine hydrochloride in Weichangning granules.Methods RP-HPLC method was set up,using Merck-LiChrospher RP-18 column(4 mm ? 250 mm,5?m);the mobile phase was methnd-water(including 0.18 % phosphoric acid and 0.22 % sodium laurylsulfonate)(68 ∶ 32),flow rate being 1.0 mL / min;column temperature was 35 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 345nm.Results A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0.30 ~ 1.80 ?g(r = 0.9995).The average recovery was 98.32 %,with RSD 0.83 %.Conclusion The method is simple,rapid and with good reproducibility for the determination of berberine hydrochloride in Weichangning granules.

AIM:Titanium-Nickel shape memory alloy(TiNi-SMA) has memory,abradability and good biocompatibility. It has different osteotomy methods and biomechanics from routine distraction osteogenesis. In this study,the dog models of mandibular defects were established to explore the effect of TiNi-SMA distractor with different osteotomy methods on mandibular distraction osteogenesis. METHODS:The experiment was performed at the animal experimental center of Sun Yat-sen University from October to December 2005. ①Eight male adult Beagle canines of 12-14 kg were selected. A 1.5 cm?1.0 cm bone defect was made in bilateral mandible of each dog. The same size transport bone disc was created mesially by osteotomy on left side and corticotomy on right side. TiNi-SMA distractor was implanted to repair defect. ②One,four,and seven days,and nine weeks after operation,the canines were radiographed for histological analysis and bone formation was observed. RESULTS:Eight dogs were all included in the final analysis. ①Gross observation found the wounds healed well without infection in all experiment dogs. ②X-ray examination showed the bone transport disc on the right side of corticotomy moved to defect area gradually after operation and filled defect area on the whole on the 7th day after operation;The bone transport disc dislocated 1 day after operation and separated from defect area totally on the 7th day after operation on the side of osteotomy(left side). ③ Histological examination demonstrated bone formed in accordance with intramembranous ossification in distraction zone and bony connection between the transport disc and mesial mandible on right side;On the left side,there was a big defect at the area of both distraction and defect zone because of dislocated bone transport disc,and no obvious new bone regeneration was found. CONCLUSION:Corticotomy can be used to establish a successfully canine model of mandibular distraction osteogenesis.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the occurrence of severe myelosuppression after chemotherapy and to improve its therapeutic effects. METHODS:A total of 288 cases of 268 patients with grade Ⅳ bone marrow suppression induced by chemotherapy treatment were analyzed. RESULTS:Of the 288 cases,The median day when absolute neutrophil coun(tANC)

Objective To investigate the effect of individualized therapeutic programs with combination of interferon and ribavirin (RBV) in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and study the influential factors of virological response rates.Methods A total of 139 patients with CHC were enrolled and given the intensive treatment doses of interferon and RBV according to their basic clinical condition.At the treatment of 0,4,12,24 weeks,the end of treatment and 24 weeks after treatment stop,the serum HCV RNA was determined.Timely adjustment to dosage and time periods was made according to the virological response to treatment,and the predictive value of rapid virological response (RVR) and complete early virological response (cEVR) for sustained virological response (SVR) were analyzed.Results At the 4th week of treatment,the level of serum HCV RNA was monitored in 120 patients,and 84.2％ (101/120) of patients obtained RVR; among them,90.7％ (88/97) obtained SVR.The virus load of patients obtained RVR at pretherapy was lower than that of patients didn't obtained RVR [(5.883±1.246) lg copies/ml vs (6.502±0.693)lg copies/ml,P =0.034].The RVR rate of initial treatment patients with PEG-IFNα-2a [87.8％(79/90)]was significantly higher than that of retreatment patients with PEG-IFNα-2a [65.0％ (13/20)](P =0.031).At the 12th week of treatment,the level of serum HCV RNA was monitored in 132 patients,and 92.4％ (122/132) of patients obtained cEVR; among them,90.8％ (108/119) obtained SVR.The SVR rate of patients obtained cEVR was significantly higher than that of patients didn't obtained cEVR (5/9) (P =0.007).There was no significant difference between the cEVR rate of initial treatment patients [94.7％ (90/95)]and retreatment patients [85％ (17/20)]with PEG-IFNα-2a (P =0.158).Conclusions cEVR was predictor of SVR.Individualized therapy can increase the obtaining probability of RVR,cEVR and SVR.Adjusting drug dose timely and extending treatment period of HCV RNA-negative based on virological response to treatment are important in CHC individualized therapy.

Animals ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; biosynthesis ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mercuric Chloride ; toxicity ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To investigate the expression of Muc1,Muc3A and Muc4 in cultured intrahepatic bile duct(IBD)tissues from different hepatic segments after cold preservation.Methods The IBD tissues of SD rats were obtained by collagen perfusion combining mechanical separation and then were divided into large and small IBD.The 2 parts of IBD were seeded in rat tail collagen gel and were cultured for 48 hours,then the IBD tissues from 10 rats were stored in UW solution at 4℃ for 1 hour(group I,n=5)and 12 hours(group Ⅱ,n=5),respectively,and the IBD tissues from the rest 5 rats were cultured in incubator at 37℃ for 24 hours (control group,n=5).The expressions of Muc1,Muc3A and Muc4 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.All data were analysed via ANOVA or LSD test.Results The expressions of Muc1,Muc3 A and Muc4 were detected both in large and small IBD tissues.The mRNA expressions of Muc1,Muc3A and Muc4 were decreased in large IBD as time passed by,which were 0.95±0.14,0.26±0.04 and 0.24±0.06 in group Ⅰ,0.18±0.03,0.14±0.04 and 0.22±0.07 in group Ⅱ,1.00±0.20,1.00±0.09 and 1.00±0.21 in control group,with significant difference among the 3 groups(F=8.8,57.1,10.8,P＜0.05).The mRNA expressions of Muc1 and Muc3A in group Ⅱ were significantly lower than in group Ⅰ(P＜0.05).The protein expressions of Muc1 and Mue3A in large IBD were also decreased as time passed by,which were 0.82±0.13,0.73±0.10 in group Ⅰ,0.56±0.11,0.33±0.04 in group Ⅱ,1.05±0.41,1.06±0.38 in control group,with significant difference among the 3 groups(F=3.9,12.6,P＜0.05).The protein expression of Muc1 of group Ⅱ was significantly lower than in control group(P＜0.05),and the protein expression of Muc4 in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than in group Ⅰ(P＜0.05).The mRNA expressions of Muc3A in small IBD were increased as time passed by,which were 0.15±0.04 in group Ⅰ,0.19±0.05 in group Ⅱ and 0.06±0.03 in control group.Conclusion Decreases of Muc1,Muc3A and Muc4 in IBD after long time cold preservation may weaken the selfprotection of biliary epithelium and case sever injury to bile duct.

Objective To examine the effects of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor on the behavioral response to zebrafish larvae after hypoxia/reoxygenation brain injury and to identify whether the protective effect is mediated by inhibiting apoptosis and protein,and mRNA related to apoptosis.Methods The 5-day post-fertilization zebrafish larvae were randomly assigned to 3 groups:control group,model group and intervention group.Fishes in the intervention group were separated into 3 subgroups according to p38 MAPK inhibitor concentration (5,10,20 μmol/L).The activity levels of the larvae were analyzed by using quantization mode of ZebraLab software,swimming distance and moving speed were recorded.Terminal transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays of brain assays were performed.The protein levels of phosphorylation of p38 MAPK,apoptosis related proteins of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2),Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax) and Caspase-3 were determined by Western blot.The mRNA expressions of Bcl-2,Bax,and caspase-3 were also analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).Results The activity movement analysis of the intervention group 2 and 3 demonstrated a significantly increase in the swimming distance compared with the model group(P ＜ 0.05).After irradiation under strong light,all groups showed dramatically increasing in the moving speed.After removal of strong light,a significant decrease in moving speed was found in the control group and intervention group 2 and intervention group 3.The TUNEL assay showed that apoptosis index decreased in the intervention group (21.7 ±2.0,12.8 ± 1.9,17.7 ±2.6) compared with model group (46.8 ±5.3) (all P ＜0.01).Western blot assays demonstrated a significant increase protein level of phosphorylation of p38 MAPK after hypoxia and reoxygenation,and the inhibitor reduced the p-p38 MAPK expression.Compared with the model group,p38 MAPK inhibitor increased the protein and mRNA expression level of Bcl-2,whereas reduced the Bax and caspase-3 expression in the brain.Conclusions Under the influences of p38 MAPK inhibitor,zebrafish larvae improved the behavioral changes after hypoxia-induced brain injury.The inhibitor (10 μmol/L) optimally reduces hypoxia-induced apoptosis in brain by up-regulating Bcl-2,down-regulating Bax/caspase-3 protein and their mRNA level.

Objective To observe the effect of Juli Sanjie Pill(JSP) on estrogen receptor(ER)? and ER? expression in the myometrium and hysteromyoma tissue,and to explore the correlation of ER? and ER? expression levels with the incidence of hysteromyoma. Methods Forty hysteromyoma patients were divided into two groups: 20 patients with operative indications after oral use of JSP and asking for operation,were enrolled in the treatment group,and other 20 patiens without mediation of medicine but asking for operation were in the control group.The ER? and ER? expression levels in hysteromyoma tissue and the surrounding normal myometrium of the two groups were detected by radioimmunoassay.Results There presented the expression of ER? and ER? in the hysteromyoma tissue and the surrounding normal myometrium of the two groups,and the levels in the hysteromyoma tissue were higher than that in the myometrium(P0.05).Conclusion The incidence of hysteromyoma is correlated with the local expression of ER? and ER? in the uterus.The therapeutic mechanism of JSP for hysteromyoma is probably related with the decrease of ER? and ER? expression levels in hysteromyoma tissue and with the decrease of ER? level in the surrounding normal myometrium.