To investigate different effects of fiscal health expenditure, household spending on health and social health expenditure on narrowing the gap between urban and rural health resource allocation. Methods: With the relevant data of China’ s medical and health through 1985-2011 years, taking methodology of the state space model to estimate the varying-time elasticity of different types of expenditures on urban and rural health resource allocation gap. Results: For narrowing the gap, household health expenditure played the leading role, fiscal health expenditure played smaller role and the social health expenditure played the supplementary role; the elastic of different health expenditure proportion was fluctuated before 2002, which became stable after 2002; it is easy to improve the “hard conditions” rather than the “soft conditions” . Conclusion: To accelerate the process of urban and rural medical security system integration, it is inevitable to establish an efficient configuration mechanism for urban and rural health expense, balanced develop urban and rural medical insurance system and scientifically guide social health investment.

Objective: To develop Mental Health Scale for Child and Adolescent(MHS-C) and assess it's reliability and validity. Methods: MHS-C were administered to 9278 children and adolescent aged 6-18 years or their parents from 12 Provinces of China, 143 children with mental disorders. 87 children were re-tested with MHS-C at interval of 5 weeks, 30 children were administered MHS-C and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist as criteria test, 56 children and their parents were administered MHS-C. The reliabilities and validities of the MHS-C were examined using Pearson's correlations and factor analysis. Results: The MHS-C had good reliabilities (re-test reliability 0.713, Crobach ? 0.847,spilit reliability 0.800, rater reliability 0.874); The scores of normal children were higher than that of children with mental disorders on the MHS-C(F=63.34-238.8,P

Objective To investigate the activating effect of HBV X protein on transcription of calgizzarin S100A11 gene promoter. Methods The sequence of calgizzarin S100A11 gene promoter was identified in GenBank by bioinformatics and amplified from HepG2 genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The amplified product was cloned into pCAT3 reporter vector. The HepG2 cells were transfected by pCAT3-S100-p, and then co-tranfected by pCAT3-S100-p and pcDNA3.1(-)-X. The choloraphenical acetyltransferase(CAT) activity was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) kit. Results It was shown that pCAT3-S100-p could regulate the expression of CAT in HepG2 cells. The expression of CAT in co-transfection of pCAT3-S100-p and pcDNA3.1(-)-X was 2.1 fold higher than pCAT3-S100-p plasmid. Conclusion HBV-X protein can trans-activate the expression of S100A11 protein, and it further proved our previous results by SSH and biochips.

BACKGROUND: Microarc oxidation (MAO) is a break-through anodyzing technology for forming oxide films on valve metal.Use of this technology allows thick, porous oxide layers to be formed on the surface of pure titanium. Few biocompatibility reports using this treatment have been found.OBJECTIVE: The blood compatibility of a novel surface modified titanium substrata biomaterial using MAO was investigated.DESIGN: Positive and negative control, contrast observation and gold standard control.SETTING: Wuhan Union Hospital.MATERIALS: A healthy male adult New-Zealand rabbit, weighing 2.5 kg and ordinary grade, was selected in this study.Pure titanium sticks TA1 (Baoji Yingnaite Non-ferrous Metal Co., Ltd.), MAO-Ti and 20 g/L potassium oxalate were also selected in this study.METHODS: The study was carried out in the Laboratory of General Surgery, Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology in May 2006. ① Materials: Titanium substrate of 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in depth was put in an electrolyte which was quipped with deionized water, dibasic sodium phosphate, and ethanoic acid calcium for MAO treatment for 10 minutes. ② Groups: Three groups were analysed: test group, negative control group and positive control group. Test group: MAO-Ti was dipped in 10 mL saline; Positive control group: 10 mL deionized water was added in each tube; Negative control group: 10 mL saline was added in each tube. ③ Operation: Fresh whole blood was collected from rabbit and then mixed with the liquids in the three groups respectively after anti-coagulation. In addition, UV-Visible Spectrophotometer was used to evaluate the hemolytic ratio. A hemolytic ratio below or equal to 5% indicated that this novel material fitted the requirements. On the contrary, a hemolytic ratio higher than 5% proofed the existence of a hemolyzation.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The hemolytic ratio of materials in three groups.RESULTS: The hemolytic ratio of the test group was 0.90%. The result indicated that this new material had no haemolysis effect.CONCLUSION: The material does not resolve red blood cells and is coincident with the international and governmental standard.

Objective To observe the efficacy and side effects of Jianpi Qutan Decoction combined with Quetiapine in the treatment negative symptoms of schizophrenia.Methods 60 inpatients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into two groups,with one group treated with Jianpi Qutan Decoction combined Quetiapine and the other group treated with Quetiapine.Effects and side effects were assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Treatment Emergent Symptoms Scale (TESS) respectively 1,4 and 8 weeks before and after the treatment.Results There was no significant difference in the overall efficacy between the two groups,but the improvement of the negative symptoms and illness provocation was significantly better in the treatment group than that in the control group respectively (P＜0.05).Moreover,the adverse reaction was milder in the treatment group.Conclusion It is suggested Jianpi Qutan Decoction in combination with typical antipsychotics is effective and safe in treating negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients.

Objective To study the signal transduction pathway for myocyte contraction induced by Substance K (SK) in rats. Methods The fluorescent Ca 2+ indicator Fluo 3AM was used to quantitate the calcium signal directly in the primary cultured myocardial cells. Changes of free Ca 2+ concentration in cardiac myocytes were detected by flow cytometry. The phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor, neomycin and IP3 receptor antagonist, heparin, were used to block signal system of phosphates Ca 2+ in order to investigate whether they took part in the SK induced changes of [Ca 2+ ]i in myocytes. Results SK(1.78?10 -5 mol/L) elevated [Ca 2+ ]i in myocytes. The effects could be blocked by neomycin and heparin. Conclusion SK can elevate [Ca 2+ ]i in myocyte, which may be mediated by a signal system of phosphates Ca 2+ .

Objective To evaluate the effect of Saccharomyces boulardii (SB) administration on very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants.Methods One hundred and ninety-eight preterm infants were prospectively randomized into observation group (105 cases) and control group (93 cases) based on the symptomatic and supportive treatment.When uncompletely stomach intestine nutrition fed,the patients of observation group took SB (50 mg/kg),the patients of control group took equivalent placebo.The times of defecation and diarrhea,the rate of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,hospital onset of infection (septicemia,pulmonary infection),fungal infection,the time of intravenous nutrition and length of stay were compared.Results The general data in two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).The times of defecation,time of intravenous nutrition and length of stay in two groups had significant difference [(1.8 ± 0.4) times/d vs.(3.4 ± 0.5) times/d,(30.21 ± 3.43) d vs.(40.47 ± 4.35) d,(33.5 ± 6.8) d vs.(45.4 ± 9.3) d] (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of diarrhea,neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis,septicemia and pyemia in two groups had significant difference [14.3％ (15/105) vs.25.8％ (24/93),11.4％ (12/105) vs.19.4％ (18/93),19.0％ (20/105) vs.29.0％ (27/93)] (P ＜ 0.05).The rate of pulmonary infection and fungal infection between two groups had no significant difference(P＞ 0.05).Conclusion SB administration on VLBW infants can reduce the infection,promote enteral feeding,shorter hospital stay,and has a certain significance on the family and the community.

Objective To explore the intervention effect of emodin on organophosphorus poisoning induced respiratory failure.Methods 60 male Wistar rats of clean grade were randomly divided into:normal control group, model control group, positive drug group and emodin group, with 15 rats in each group.Except the normal control group rats were given intraperitoneal anesthesia, the right common carotid artery intubation, when rats stayed awake began a septic model.Blood gas analysis and serum level of oxygen free radicals and respiratory rate were compared before poisoning, respiratory failure, intervention of 5, 10, 30 min.Results Mouth breathing, slow respiratory frequency and cyanosis, appeared after exposure.Respiratory frequency decreased after exposure , compared with the positive drug group, respiratory frequency of emodin group 10 min and 30 min was higher ( P<0.05), PaO2, SaO2, BE decreased, PaCO2 increased after respiratory failure, Compared with the positive drug group, PaO2, PaCO2, SaO2 and BE of emodin group for the treatment of 10 min, 30 min was higher,(P <0.05).The level of oxygen free radicals in rats of each group had no significant difference before the exposure and the respiratory failure.Compared with the positive drug group, SOD and MDA of emodin group in 30 min after intervention were higher,( P<0.05 ) .Conclusion Emodin can improve the respiratory frequency of organic phosphorus poisoning induced respiratory failure ,improve blood gas analysis of the indicators and the level of oxygen free radicals.

Objective To study the pulmonary surfactant (PS) on prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in neonates delivered via caesarean section. Methods From selective cesarean section infants (gestational age 34-38+6 W), 80 cases whose test tube oscillation tests were negative and amniotic fluid pulmonary surfactant associated protein A (SP-A) concentrations were lower than <10μg/L, and were randomly divided into PS prevention group and control group, with 40 cases in each group. PS prevention group within 1 h of birth were administrated poractant alfa injection by endotracheal tube (dose 100 mg/kg), but the control group was not given special treatment, leaving only the observation. The incidence of NRDS, treatment status and clinical progression were compared between two groups. Results The incidence of NRDS in control group was 82.5%(33/40), in PS prevention group was 37.5%(15/40), and there was significant difference (P<0.05). The degree of NRDS in control group was more severe. The incidence rate of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the new-born (PPHN), pulmonary air leak, patent ductus arteriosus and oxygenation index above 25 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) in control group were significantly higher than those in PS prevention group (P<0.05). The time of mechanical ventilation, the time of oxygen inhalation, ratio of arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) before mechanical ventilation to fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), and costs of hospitalization in control group were significantly higher than those in PS prevention group (P<0.05). Conclusions PS prevention can reduce the incidence of NRDS of neonates delivered by elective caesarean section, can alleviate the symptoms of NRDS, shorten length of stay and reduce the cost of hospitalization.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Coxsackievirus Infections ; metabolism ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; metabolism ; virology ; Osteopontin ; metabolism ; Rats