Objective To elucidate clinical and pathological features of obesity-associated focalsegmental glomerulosclerosis(FSGS). Methods Clinicopathological data of thirteen obese cases (BMI3≥28kg/m2) with FSGS(OB-FSGS) and thirteen non-obese cases(BMI

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Urinary Bladder ; pathology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology

BACKGROUND:There is a lack of study on material properties and parameters of foot finite element models in China. Vernier caliper is a common method for measuring the width and thickness of ligaments and tendons to calculate the cross-sectional area.
OBJECTIVE:To design a new ligament cross-sectional area measuring instrument to improve the measurement accuracy.
METHODS:The cross-sectional area of the five fresh cadaver ankle ligaments was respectively measured using the new instrument and vernier caliper, and then a comparative analysis of the two measurement methods was performend.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cross-sectional area of anterior talofibular ligament, calcaneofibular ligament, tibionavicular ligament and calcaneotibial ligament was (20.61±7.52), (22.38±11. 49), (33.09±9.91) and (28.20±10.88) mm2, respectively measured by the vernier caliper, and (17.59±4.03), (20.77±7.91), (28.08±8.14) and (30.39±7.98) mm2 by the new ligament cross-sectional area measuring instrument. These results suggest that this new measuring instrument is accurate, reliable and easy to operate, which can be used as a special instrument to measure ligament cross-sectional area, but further studies wil be necessary.

Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Terminology as Topic ; Translations

Chlamydial infection in human urogenital tract induces inflammation and causes tissue damage and scarring. It is thought that cytokine production by the Chlamydia-infected cells plays a key role in chlamydial disease processes. Although many cytokines have been detected during chlamydial infection, little is known about the molecular mechanisms on how Chlamydia triggers and sustains the inflammatory cytokine cascades. In the current study, chlamydial infection of the human cervical epithelial cell line HeLa cells can induce the production of IL-8, IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6. Using inhibitors for probing intracellular kinase signaling pathways required for the Chlamydia-induced cytokines, it was found that the Chlamydia-activated MAPK / P38 pathway is required for the chlamydial induction of IL-1α and IL-6 while both the Chlamydia-activated MAPK/ERK and MAPK/P38 pathways contribute to the production of IL-8.

Objective To observe the changes of the quality of life in type 2 diabetes accompanying subclinical atherosclerosis and explore the effect of diabetic macrovascular complications in the quality of life.Methods One hundred and thiry-six type 2 diabetes were measured carotid intima media thickness (IMT) and then divided into AS group(n =51) and CON group(n =85).Two groups were examined with Special of Quality of Life for Diabetes Mellitus (DSQL).Plasma glucose,plasma insulin,glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c),high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) as well as insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and body mass index (BMI) were observed.Results The scores of DSQL and all domains had obvious difference between AS group and control group(P ＜0.05 orP ＜0.01) ;Relative to the control group the AS group was significantly increased BMI,HbA1c levels,hsCRP levels.The DSQL was associated with IMT,BMI,HbA1c,hsCRP,HOMA-IR.Conclusion The diabetic macrovascular compliations might result in impaired quality of life,which is associated with hyperglycemia,insulin resistance,inflammation,and central obesity.Psychotherapy and health education are very important for the improvement the DSQL in type 2 diabetic accompanying subclinical atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND:Airway epithelial regeneration can effectively inhibit submucosal hyperblastosis and the occurrence of obliteration. Studies demonstrated that ventilation could accelerate the regeneration of airway epithelium. OBJECTIVE:To establish and improve an orthotopic tracheal transplantation model and to further observe the effects of ventilation on trachea in alogeneic mice. METHODS:C57BL/6 mouse's tracheal served as donor, and BALB/c mouse's tracheal as recipient. This experiment contained two groups. In the experimental group, the membranous part of trachea was longitudinaly dissected in two donors and sutured into an enlarged trachea, which was implanted in the recipient. In the control group, donor's trachea was implanted into the recipient in situ. Samples were obtained and detected at 28 days after surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining results demonstrated that compared with the control group, wel-differentiated ciliated epithelium was visible in the epithelial lamina of tracheal lumen, accompanying a few non-ciliated single or stratified squamous epithelium, mild submucosal fibrosis and inflammatory cel infiltration. Morphological analysis revealed that ciliated epithelial proportion in the experimental group was higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). The ratio of lamina propria to the tracheal cartilage, submucous fibrous tissuearea and the degree of lymphocyte infiltration were lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the transplanted tracheal epithelium in both groups was recipient epithelial phenotype. Results verified that a modified orthotopic tracheal transplantation model was successfuly established. The increased ventilation of the tracheal alografts can accelerate the differentiation of tracheal epithelium. The wel-differentiated airway epithelium inhibited the proliferation of fibroblast.

Transforming growth factor-?_1 (TGF-?_) mRNA or protein expression in renal cortex of diabetic rats was assessed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR with SYBR Green,immunohistochemistry or Western blot.After melatonin treatment,the expressions of TGF-?_1 mRNA and protein were decreased,suggesting that beneficial effect of melatonin may result from its antioxidative property and inhibiting TGF-?_1 expressions.

Objective:To optimize the clarification process of total flavonoids extract from Geum aleppicum with ZTC1+1-Ⅱtype clarifying agent. Methods:With the solid removal rate, retention rate of the total flavonoids and clearance rate of protein as the indi-ces, single factor tests were adopted to study the effects of extract concentration, amount of clarifying agent, reaction temperature and reaction time on the clarification results. Results:The optimal clarification process was as follows:the extract concentration was 0. 5 g ·ml-1 , the amount of clarifying agent was 4% component B and 2% component A, the reaction temperature was at 60℃, and the soaking time was 60 min. The retention rate of total flavonoids was 91. 32%, the clearance rate of protein was 35. 82%, and the solid removal rate was 8. 1%. Conclusion:ZTC1+1-Ⅱ type clarifying agent has good effect on the clarification of total flavonoids extract from Geum aleppicum with promising feasibility and stability.

AIM: To study the effect of bone marrow stem cell transplantation on mdx mice at different ages. METHODS: The bone marrow stem cells of C57BL/6 mice (4 - to-weeks age) were cultured in vitro for 3 days, then injected intravenously into the 6 -week and 8-week aged mdx, which were preconditioned with 7 Gy ? ray. 12 weeks after being transplanted, the mdx mice were studied for the dystrophin protein expression on the skeletal muscle membrane. RESULTS: Three months after transplanted with bone marrow stem cells, about 16% and 7% muscles cells in 6-week and 8-week mdx mice expressed dystrophin protein, respectively. CONCLUSION: 12 weeks after transplantation with bone marrow stem cells of homologous series mice, different amounts of dystrophin protein expressed on the membrane of skeletal muscle cells were observed in different aged mdx mice. Bone marrow stem cell transplantation show more benefic effect for younger mdx mice.