OBJECTIVETo analyze the efficacy and medication principles of Professor Xu Fu-songs traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) protocols for male diseases.

METHODSWe reviewed and descriptively analyzed the unpublished complete medical records of 100 male cases treated by Professor Xu Fu-song with his TCM protocols from 1978 to 1992.

RESULTSThe 100 cases involved 32 male diseases, most of which were difficult and complicated cases. The drug compliance was 95%. Each prescription was made up of 14 traditional Chinese drugs on average. The cure rate was 32% , and the effective rate was 85%. Professor Xu Fu-song advanced and proved some new theories and therapeutic methods.

CONCLUSIONProfessor Xu Fu-song's TCM protocols can be applied to a wide range of male diseases, mostly complicated, and are characterized by accurate differentiation of symptoms and signs, high drug compliance, and excellent therapeutic efficacy.

Objective To study the TCM syndrome distribution and the laws of blood pressure variability in patients with primary hypertension.Methods Totally 443 patients with primary hypertension were selected; four diagnostic data were collected to conduct syndrome differentiation (main syndrome was chosen for compound syndrome); 24 h ambulatory blood pressure was monitored and blood pressure variability of each syndrome was compared.Results Among 443 cases of patients, liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome (157 cases) > qi yin deficiency syndrome (83 cases) > yang deficiency syndrome (76 cases) > phlegm dampness syndrome (65 cases) > liver yang hyperactivity syndrome (62 cases). There was statistical significance in ages of different syndromes, but there was no statistical significance in gender, family history and course of disease (P>0.05). Compared with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome, 24 h systolic blood pressure and 24 h mean blood pressure of phlegm dampness syndrome were significantly different (P<0.05); circadian rhythm abnormality rates of liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome, liver yang hyperactivity syndrome, qi yin deficiency syndrome, phlegm dampness syndrome and yang deficiency syndrome were 80.85% (38/47), 66.67% (14/21) ,81.48% (22/27), 86.96% (20/23), and 78.79% (26/33), respectively, without statistical significance in different syndromes (χ2=3.031,P=0.553).Conclusion Among the 443 hypertensive patients, patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome were the most, and patients with liveryang hyperactivity syndrome were the least. Phlegm dampness syndrome has the highest blood pressure, while liveryang hyperactivity syndrome has the lowest blood pressure. Patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency syndrome are with the highest blood pressure variability, while patients with qi yin deficiency syndrome are with the lowest blood pressure variability.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Ulna ; injuries ; Wrist Injuries ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the mechanism of renal protective effect of rosiglitazone on diabetic rat kidney. Methods Eighteen rats were assigned to normal control(C) group,diabetic rat(DM) group, rosiglitazone(5 mg?kg-1?d-1)treatment(R) group.Immunohistochemistry,RT PCR,Western blot were used to examine the pathological change of kidney and expression of PPAR?、TGF ?1 after 8 weeks in the kidney of rats. Results In comparison with normal group, the expression of PPAR?and TGF ?1 in diabetic rat and treatment groups was markedly increased(P

Objective To explore the relationship between preoperative plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardiac valve replacement (CVR) combined with radiofrequency ablation.Methods Fifty-eight patients with AF undergoing CVR combined with radiofrequency modified Maze procedure were enrolled in this study.The patients were allocated to either AF recurrence group (AF group,18 cases) or AF no recurrence group (SR group,40 cases) according to whether patient's AF recurrence or not within 3 months after surgery.NT-proBNP were respectively measured in two groups in 1st day before operation and 9th day after operation by radioimmunoassay.Results All the 58 patients were involved in the final analysis.NT-proBNP levels in 1st day before operation and 9th day after operation in AF group was significantly higher than that in SR group (2061.30 ng/L vs.579.00 ng/L,996.60 ng/L vs.209.20 ng/L,P＜ 0.01 ).NT-proBNP levels in 1st day before operation in two groups was significantly higher than that in 9th day after operation (P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions There is a good relationship between preoperative plasma NT-proBNP levels and recurrence of AF.It has a clinical value in predicting of recurrence AF after CVR combined with radiofrequency modified Maze procedure.

Objective To investigate the inhibition effect of insulin on apoptosis of myocardial mitochondria in type 2 diabetic rats and its anti-apoptotic mechanism through its action on the mitochondria.Methods Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was reproduced in male Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ,25mg/kg) and feeding with a high-fat diet.Twenty-two rats were randomly divided into three groups:the early treatment group (IE,n=7),the late treatment group (IL,n=7) and the diabetic group (DM,n=8).Another eight rats were chosen to constitute the control group.Novolin 30R was hypodermically injected into the rats in IE group in the first week and in IL group in the 4th week.Rats in DM group and control group were subcutaneously injected with an equivalent volume of normal saline.All groups were treated for eight weeks.At the end of the experiment,SOD,MDA,GSH levels,apoptotic index,mitochondrial membrane potential (?m),active oxygen and the changes in myocardial ultrastructure were compared among different groups.Results Compared with control group,blood glucose and HW/BW were higher (P

Objective To evaluate the function of afferent neuronal pathways (ANP) from the lower urinary tract (LUT) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) by use of sympathetic skin response (SSR). Methods Twenty-one patients with SCI (13 cases of incomplete injury, and 8 cases of complete injury) were recruited as a SIC group and 8 healthy volunteers as a control group. SSRs of all subjects were evoked by means of electrical stimulation (ES) of the median nerve and perineal region,as well as bladder filling (BF), while SSRs of the right palm and sole were recorded using surface electrodes. Results SSRs induced by ES of the median nerve and perineal region, and also by BF in the control group were recorded. SSRs of palms and soles could be recorded by using ES of the median nerve in patients with incomplete SCI, who had desire to void. However, SSRs could not be evoked in 3 of 13 patients with incomplete SCI but without sensation of perineal skin. In 8 patients with complete SCI but without sensation of trunk skin and bladder, SSRs of palms and soles could not be induced during ES of the median nerve if injuries were located over T_3, and SSRs of palms were recorded when the injuries were located between T_(4~9), while SSRs of palms and soles were evoked if injuries were located under T_(10). However, SSRs of palms and soles could not be evoked by ES of perineal region and BF in all patients. Conclusion SSRs, evoked by BF, could concord with the subjective sensation of the subjects from the LUT, and reflect the integrity of ANP from LUT. There is difference between somatosensory and viscerosensory ANP.

BackgroundMouse has been used in laboratory studies as the model of ocular diseases.Electroretinogram (ERG)is a non-invasive method for primary examination to evaluate retinal function.Though flash ERG has been widely applied in the mouse ocular disease model for the functional assessment of the retinal outer layer,pattern ERG(PERG) is seldom used for inner retinal evaluation.ObjeetiveThe present experimental study was to investigate the recording parameters and method,wave characteristics of PERG and influencing factors in mouse,and to build the foundation for further research.Methods Thirty C57BL/6 mice aged 6 weeks old were included in this research.RETLport ( Roland Consult,Germany) was adopted for the recording of PERG.The positive needle electrode was placed in the cornea,and the reference and earth electrodes were placed under the derma in the cheek and tail.The PERG under different temporal frequencies (0.5,1.0,2.0 and 4.0 Hz),and special frequencies (0.05,0.10,0.20 cpd) were recorded in a photopic environment,and different contrast ratio (95％ and 99％ ) of stimulator or different transmission bands ( 1-100 Hz,5-30 Hz) in the same temporal frequency and spatial frequency were regulated to analyze the influence on mouse PERG.The use of animals was in compliance to the Regulations for the Administration of Affairs Concerning Experimental Animals by the State Science and Technology Commission.ResultsThe latency of N1 PERG showed a negative N1wave at around 37 ms and positive P wave at about 86 ms in adult mice.The amplitude of N1-P was 2-6 μV.Different spatial frequency,temporal frequency and contrast can affect the final results,and the different temporal frequencies were statistically significant.The wave was stable and the amplitude was unaffected at 5-30 Hz transmission bands with pronounced interference (mean amplitude of N1-P waves were(3.40±0.71),(5.08±0.88),(3.21±1.54),(3.85±1.96)μV in 0.5,1.0,2.0,4.0 Hz,F=7.43,P=0.00).ConclusionsPERG wave from adult mouse is similar to that from human.It is a useful method in evaluating the inner retinal function.Appropriate stimulating parameters are critical for recording.

Despite its clinical importance, the underlying central mechanisms of pruritic behaviors are poorly understood. To investigate the role of nociceptive arcuate nucleus neurons in chloroquine-induced pruritic behaviors in mice, we tested the effect of arcuate nucleus neurons and interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT) on itch produced by intradermal injection of chloroquine in the nape of the neck. Our results provide several lines of evidence for an important role of nociceptive arcuate nucleus neurons in chloroquine-induced pruritic behavior: (1) Intradermal microinjection of chloroquine resulted in a dramatic increase in itch behaviors accompanied by the activation of c-Fos positive neurons in arcuate nucleus; (2) Microinjection of chloroquine significantly increased IBAT temperature in the mice. These findings suggested that chloroquine-induced pruritic behaviors were associated with the activity of nociceptive arcuate nucleus neurons.

Objective To study the effect of calcitonin on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in femoral fracture healing in ovariectomized rats .Methods 80 female rats of 3 months old were randomly divided into four groups :Sham operation group(Sham ,10 cases);Ovariectomized operation group(OVX ,10 cases);Ovariectomy+ fracture+ salinegroup(Control ,30 cases) and Ovariectomy+ fracture +calcitonin group(Experimental ,30 cases) .Rats in Sham group and OVX group were performed ovari-otomy and killed after 4 weeks ,femoral bone mineral density was measured .For rats in Control group and Experimental group ,right middle femoral facture was performed 4 weeks later after ovariectomy .Calcitonin(16 IU/kg)were injected subcutaneously once per 2 days in Experimental group ,while those in Control group were given equal volume of normal saline .Rods in these two groups were killed after 3 ,6 ,9 weeks(10 at a time) ,femoral bone mineral density(BMD)was measured;hematoxylin-eosin staining and im-munohisto-chemical staining were performed at the 3th ,6th and 9th week after fracture ,respectively .Results Compared with Sham group ,rats weight in OVX group gained more(P< 0 .05) ,and BMD in OVX group significantly decreased more(P< 0 .05) .HE staining ,at the 3th week after fracture ,endochondral ossification domained in fracture healing ,and no significant difference existed (P>0 .05)in BMD .At the 6th week after fracture ,bone trabecula in both groups arranged in order ,compared with the control group ,BMD in experimental group increased significantly(P<0 .05) .At the 9th week after fracture ,bone trabecula in both groups arranged closely ,BMD in both groups showed significant difference(P<0 .05) .There was no significant difference of vascular endo-thelial growth factor(VEGF)between experimental group and control group at the 3th ,6th ,9th week after fracture(P>0 .05) .Con-clusion The results suggest that calcitonin treatment could enhance the bone mineral density significantly after fracture ,but it has no impact on the expression of VEGF in osteoporotic fracture healing .