Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical value of double-balloon endoscopy in subjects of failed conventional colonoseopy and gastro-intestinal tract modified surgery.Methods Doubleballoon endoscopy was performed in thirty-two subjects of failed conventional colonoscopy,three and nine patients of previous subtotal gastrectomy with BillrothⅡand gastro-intestinal modified surgery for various clinical manifestations.Suceessful intubation rates of terminal ileum or cecum in colonoscopic failure patients,afferent and efferent loop intubation in patients of BillrothⅡand alimentary tract modified surgery,were recorded and diagnostic yields in these patients were also observed.Results The endoscopy was successfully intubated into terminal ileum or cecum in 29 subjects,the intubated rate was 90.6%,the endoscopic diagnosis was obtained in 7 subjects,and endoscopic treatment was performed in 3 subjects.The endoscopy was successfully inserted in terminus of afferent loop and 150-180 cm of efferent below the anastomosis in all 3 patients of Billroth type Ⅱ gastrectomy,and the diagnosis was all clarified.And endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed in one patient.Five of nine patients with previous alimentary tract modified surgery had lesions detected after endoscopic procedure,and double-balloon endoscopy could have a thorough visualization on operated area and suspected region as needed.Abdominal pain and melaena were observed in 8 and 3 subjects respectively.Transient urine amylase elevation was found in one patient.The symptoms were alleviated and amylase was returned to normal after treatment.Conclusions Double-balloon endoscopy was a safe and feasible remediai endoscopic procedure with high diagnostic yields and endotherapeutic interventional capability,in patients of failed conventional colonoscopy and previous BillrothⅡgastrectomy and alimentary modified surgery.

The paper is about the systematic studies of biological characteristics of 15 stains rhizobia isolated purified from Acacia confusa grew in Guangxi karst environment.The results showed that there were typical characteristics of rhizobia.there were negative reaction about use of 3-ketolactose and beef extract peptone nutrient agar medium,and positive reaction about use of starch and citrate medium,and produce acid in reaction of BTB and litmus milk medium,(NH4)2HPO4 was used as nitrogen sources and both four monosaccharides and three disaccharides could be utilized as carbon sources in 15 strains rhizobia isolated Acacia confuse.Among the 15 strains for the tests,11 strains could deoxidize the nitrate of medium into nitrite,14 strains could grow well on NaCl solution concentration 3.0 %～4.0 %,14 strains could grow at 39℃,13 strains may grow on highest pH12 and 4 strains on lowest pH4 cultrue medium.15 strains can grow in 10% and 11 strains in 10%～30% of CaCO3 solution concentration.

Objective To explore the relationship between genetic variation in PAF-AH V279F and coronary heart disease among Han population in Beijing.Methods A case-control study was held which enrolled 124 patients with coronary heart disease and 103 normal subjects.The genotype of PAF-AH V279F was determined with allele-specific polymerase chain reaction(AS-PCR)method. Results The highest frequency of PAF-AH V279F genetic variation was VV genotype(92.2%),the next was VF genotype(5.8%)and the lowest was FF genotype(2.0%)among the studied Han population in Beijing.In the coronary heart disease group the frequency of 279 V→F carriers was significantly higher than in the control group(19.3% vs.7.8%,P＜0.05)and F allele frequency was also higher(12.1% vs.4.9%,P＜0.01).Among the coronary heart disease group,the V279F variation frequency and the F allele frequency were significantly higher in patients with myocardial infarction than in those without myocardial infarction(27.3% vs.13.0%,17.3% vs.8.0%,both P＜0.05).In multiple logistic regression analysis,the odds ratio(OR)of V279F genetic variation for coronary heart disease was 1.919(95% CI:1.448-2.544,P=0.033).Conclusions The PAF-AH V279F genetic variation may be a novel genetic marker for high risk of coronary heart disease.

Objective To evaluate the application valve of intraoperative device closure secundum atrial sepetal defect (ASD) associated with deficient rims inducted by transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Methods Twenty-three patients with ASD were diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) ,and underwent an attempted intraoperative device closure through a right antierior minithoraetomy. The positon, type and size and rim of ASD were defined by TEE in preoperation, the placement of the device inducted and evaluated by TEE intraoperation,and followed by TTE after one week. Results Twenty-three patients with ASD were closed excellently. There were not shunt of atrial level in 20 patients, trivial shunt in 3 patients. However,follow-up after one week TTE indicated that all patients had no shunt,and the diameter of right atrium and right ventricle was decrease significantly (P <0.05), and pulmonary artery pressure was less than before (P <0.05). Conclusions It is very important that TEE induct the closure of ASD associated with deficient rims in micro-operative room.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of implantable collamer lens (ICL)-V4c implantation in the correction for high myopia. METHODS: This retrospective analysis collected twenty-five patients (43 eyes) with high myopia treated with ICL/TICL implantation from September to December 2016 at Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital. Routine ophthalmic examinations were performed. The patients were followed 3mo to monitor uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refractive error, intraocular pressure, corneal endothelial cell count, contrast sensitivity and scores for Quality of Life lmpact of Refractive Correction Questionnaire ( QIRC ). Statistical analyses were performed using repeated measures ANOVA, LSD-t test and paired-samples T test. RESULTS: Postoperative UCVA and BCVA were significantly higher than before surgery (all P<0. 01). Postoperative spherical mirrors at all time points were lower than before surgery(all P<0.01),and there was no significant difference between the different time point postoperative (all P>0. 05). The safety index in 3mo postoperatively was 1.38士0.24 and the effective index was 1. 22士0. 15. There was no statistical difference in intraocular pressure between preoperative and postoperative time points (F=1.464, P=0.215). There was no statistical difference in endothelial cell density at 3mo after surgery compared to preoperative (t=-0.544, P= 0. 586). The postoperative Log contrast sensitivity (LogCS) of 12.0 cycles per degree (c/d) and 18.0 c/d were significantly higher compared to the preoperative (F=4.347, P=0.010; F=4.539, P=0.005; respectively), but other (the postoperative LogCS of 3.0 c/d and 6.0 c/d) differences were statistically insignificant (F=1.094, P=0.354;F=1 325,P=0.271;respectively). There was no significant difference in the amount of change in the QIRC scores between preoperative and postoperative(F=2.669, P=0 094). CONCLUSION: ICL V4c implantation is a safe and effective method for the correction of high myopia.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate Insertion/Deletion (InDel) polymorphism on the X chromosome and to screen 18 InDel loci for the Chinese Han population as a forensic DNA typing system auxiliary. METHODS: Eighteen X-InDel markers were selected using the Human Genome Browser and dbSNP database. Multiplex PCR primer pairs of selected X-InDel markers were designed using Primer 3 software and divided into 3 groups according to the amplified fragment length, labeled by FAM, HEX and TAMRA fluorescence dye, respectively. The population genetics research and comparative analysis of Chinese Han nationality and 4 main minorities, the Hui, Wei, Mongol, and Tibetan nationalities, were investigated with the system. RESULTS: A new multiplex genotyping system, named InDel X-18PLEX, was successfully developed and validated, consisted of 18 X-InDel markers on the X chromosome and 1 Amelogenin gender marker. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations was detected in the distribution of genotypes in the 5 investigated ethnic groups. However, there was significant difference between their distributions. From the investigation of Han nationality, high female (0.9999994) and male (0.999 88) overall discrimination power values were obtained, as well as high overall mean exclusion chance values in trios (0.999 992) and in duos (0.99). CONCLUSION InDel X-18PLEX meets the requirements as a forensic DNA complementary kit, providing effective supplementary analytical tools for difficult cases.
Amelogenin/genetics* ; Asian People ; DNA Fingerprinting ; DNA Primers ; Ethnicity ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetics, Population ; Genome, Human ; Genotype ; Humans ; INDEL Mutation ; Male ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Polymorphism, Genetic

BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to explore the relationship between surgical methods, hemorrhage position, hemorrhage volume, surgical timing and treatment outcome of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH). METHODS: A total of 1310 patients, who had been admitted to six hospitals from January 2004 to January 2008, were divided into six groups according to different surgical methods: craniotomy through bone flap (group A), craniotomy through a small bone window (group B), stereotactic drilling drainage (group C1 and group C2), neuron-endoscopy operation (group D) and external ventricular drainage (group E) in consideration of hemorrhage position, hemorrhage volume and clinical practice. A retrospective analysis was made of surgical timing and curative effect of the surgical methods. RESULTS: The effectiveness rate of the methods was 74.12％ for 1310 patients after one-month follow-up. In this series, the disability rate was 44.82％ 3–6 months after the operation. Among the 1310 patients, 241 (18.40％) patients died after the operation. If hematoma volume was >80 mL and the operation was performed within 3 hours, the mortality rate of group A was significantly lower than that of groups B, C, D, and E (P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 50–80 mL and the operation was performed within 6–12 hours, the mortality rate of groups B and D was lower than that of groups A, C and E (P<0.05). If hematoma volume was 20–50 mL and the operation was performed within 6–24 hours, the mortality rate of group C was lower than that of groups A, B and D (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Craniotomy through a bone flap is suitable for patients with a large hematoma and hernia of the brain. Stereotactic drilling drainage is suggested for patients with hematoma volume less than 80 mL. The curative effect of HICH individualized treatment would be improved via the suitable selection of operation time and surgical method according to the position and volume of hemorrhage.

Objective: To explore the determinants for health-seeking behavior of the residents after cough for more than 3 weeks in Yiwu, Zhejiang Province, in order to provide reference for prevention and control of respiratory diseases. Methods: A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to recruit the community residents aged 5 years and above in Yiwu. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographic information, features of cough and health-seeking behaviors in the past month. The multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the associated factors for health-seeking behavior after a cough for more than 3 weeks. Results: Among 6 374 residents investigated, 152 cases had a cough for more than 3 weeks in the past month, accounting for 2.48%. They were( 45.00±21.15 ) years old, including 70 ( 46.05% ) males and 82 ( 53.95% ) females. About 58.55% ( 89 ) of them sought medical treatment. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that females ( OR=2.100, 95%CI: 1.005-4.391 ), middle school education level ( OR=0.406, 95%CI: 0.168-0.983 ), family annual income of 100 000 to 199 999 yuan ( OR=2.993, 95%CI: 1.215-7.373 ) were associated factors for health-seeking behavior after a cough for more than 3 weeks. Conclusion The rate of health-seeking behavior after a cough for more than 3 weeks among the residents in Yiwu is 58.55%, which is associated with gender, education level and income.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic yield and accuracy of double balloon enteroscopy, barium enteroclysis and capsule endoscopy in patients with suspicion of small bowel tumors. Methods Double balloon enteroscopy were performed in fifty nine patients with suspicion of small bowel tumors.The route of enteroscopy could be either via mouth or via anus.At the same time,34 and 17 out of 59 subjects received either barium enteroclysis or capsule endoscopy.The results of exams were analyzed independently and final diagnosis of each case was compared thereafter.Results Nineteen of 34 patients undergone the enteroclysis were diagnosed as small bowel tumor.The diagnostic yield was 55.9%.The diagnosis was finally confirmed by the enteroscopy in 12 cases,which indicated the accurate rate of enteroclysis was 63.2%(12/19).Double balloon enteroscopy detected tumors in 3 of 15 subjects with negative enteroclysis finding.The diagnostic yield of capsule endosocpy was 47.1%(8/17),and among the 8 cases diagnosis was comfirmed by the enteroscopy in 4 cases.Small bowel tumors were detected in 2 of 9 cases with negative capsule endoscopy findings.Thirty-six cases of small bowel tumor were detected by double balloon enteroscopy via a route(mouth or anus),and 16 patients were diagnosed after both route procedure.No small bowel tumor was found in 7 paitents.The overall diagnostic yield of enteroscopy was 88.1%.The diagnosis were all finally confirmed by pathological examination.No procedure-related complication were observed.Conclusion Double balloon enteroscopy is superior to enteroclysis and capsule endoscopy in diagnostic yield and accuracy for small bowel tumors.

Objective To report the outcome of emergency repair of severe complex defect in forearm by transplantation of free flap and simultaneous functional reconstruction.Methods From Mar.1994 to Aug.2003,4 cases with severe complex defect in forearm was repaired by transplantation of free skin flap, free skin flap combined with fibula flap,or fibula osteocutaneous flap in emergency.Simultaneously the flexion and extension function were repaired by muscle transfer and/or tendon grafting,tenonectomy.Results All the cases were successful.Follow-up period ranged from 1 to 3 years postoperatively.The blood-supply,tex- ture and elasticity of transferred flaps were excellent with good bone healing.Opposition of thumb with four fin- gers was good.Sensory recovery of the hand was satisfactory.Conclusion Transplantation of free flap com- bined with simultaneous functional reconstruction is an ideal method in emergency repair of severe complex de- fect in forearm.