Objective To further study the value of MR T2WI fat saturation sequence in acute Spinal Trauma. Methods 109 cases of acute Spinal Trauma underwent MR imaging were analysed retrospectively. The detection rate of lesions with bone marrow edema, Vertebral fracture and spinal cord injury was compared in T2WI and FS T2WI. Results FS T2WI could detect more lesions of obscure fracture and bone marrow edema than that in T2WI,and it could accurately show the extent and the feature of anatomic structure in acute injury of bone. Conclusion FS T2WI can improve the diagnostic sensition and accuracy in Spinal Trauma, and it should be used as a routine MR sequence for detecting Spinal Trauma.

Objective To investigate the effects of perioperative high loading dose of Atorvastatin treatment on lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and heart function in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods Totally 83 cases with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes who underwent emergency PCI from September 2012 and August 2014 were randomly divided into two groups.In control group (n=42)patients took Atorvastatin 20 mg daily before and after emergency PCI,and in intensive group (n=41) patients took atorvastatin 40 mg daily before and after emergency PCI.Each group was given the same basic treatment according to the guideline.Blood samples were obtained from all the patients before PCI and at 3,7 days after PCI,and levels of Lp-PLA2 and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)were detected.And the left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured at 1 day and 1 month after PCI.Results The levels of Lp-PLA2 and BNP at 3 days after PCI were obviously increased in the two groups versus baseline [(297.8± 53.4) mg/L vs.(194.7±39.1) mg/L,(270.3±47.0) mag/L vs.(205.6±27.5) mg/L,both P＜0.05],and decreased in intensive versus control group [(270.3±47.0) mg/L vs.(297.8±53.4)mg/L and (353.8±76.3) mg/L vs.(375.4±57.0) mg/L,P＜0.05].And levels of Lp-PLA2 and BNP at 7 days after PCI were improved more in intensive than in control group [(227.2±33.3)mg/L vs.(249.3±42.3) mg/L,(206.0±48.2)mg/L vs.(267.6±50.8) mg/L,P＜0.05].There were no significant differences in LVEDD and LVEF between the two groups 1 day after PCI.Meanwhile,the LVEDD was decreased and the LVEF was increased in the two groups 1 month after PCI as compared with 1 day after PCI (both P＜0.05).Conclusions Perioperative high loading dose of Atorvastatin treatment may stabilize the plaques and improve heart function in acute stage in patients with acute ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes after emergency PCI.

Abstract: Objective　To understand the characteristics of mutations associated with resistance among 72 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) strains using whole genome sequencing (WGS) and to evaluate the performance of WGS for predicting MDR-TB drug resistance. Methods　The clinical strains isolated from patients who visited the outpatient department of Tianjin Center for Tuberculosis Control from January to September in 2020 were collected. Identification tests using p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNB) medium were performed. Drug susceptibility tests (proportion method) on L-J medium were performed. After excluding duplicate strains, 72 MDR-TB strains were selected for WGS. Data were analyzed by using online databases and the phenotypic drug susceptibility test results were compared with resistance profiles predicted by WGS. Results　All of 72 MDR-TB strains belonged to linage 2, and there was no significant difference in rate of pre-extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis (pre-XDR-TB) between modern type and ancestral type (χ2=0.287, P=0.592). A total of 81 mutation types were found from resistance-related genes for 12 anti-tuberculosis drugs, and the common mutation types in different drug-resistant strains were: streptomycin (SM): rpsL Lys43Arg; isoniazid (INH): katG Ser315Thr; rifampicin (RIF): rpoB Ser450Leu; ethambutol (EMB): embB Met306Val; ofloxacin (OFX), levofloxacin (LFX), moxifloxacin (MFX): gyrA Asp94Gly; kanamycin (KAM), capreomycin (CAP), amikacin (AMK): rrs 1401a>g; para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS): folC Ile43Thr. Nine mutation types were found in 9 prothionamide (PTO)-resistant strains, one type for each strain. The sensitivity and specificity of WGS for predicting resistance to different drugs were SM: 98.15% and 88.89%, INH: 90.28% and -, RIF: 98.62% and -, EMB: 79.49% and75.76%, OFX: 97.30% and 85.71%, KAM: 85.71% and 98.46%, PAS: 27.27% and 95.08%, PTO: 81.82% and 60.66%, CAP: 60.00% and 98.51%, LFX: 97.22% and 83.33%, MFX: 97.30% and 85.71%, AMK:100.00% and 100.00%, respectively. Conclusion　WGS is a rapid and promising method which has high consistency with the phenotypic drug sensitivity test. Therefore, it has good application prospects in predicting drug resistance in MDR-TB.

Background and purpose: The previous work of this study has showed that the treatment of liver cancer cells with emodin could induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. Given the cross-talk between ER stress and autophagy, this study aimed to investigate whether blockage of autophagy, a defense mechanism against environmental stress, could improve the killing effect of emodin on liver cancer cells. Methods: The CYTO-ID auto-phagy detection kit and Western blot were used to determine autophagy in liver cancer cells. After combined treatment with chloroquine (CQ) and emodin, cancer cell survival was analyzed by ATPlite assay and clonogenic assay. Apoptosis was detected by both flow cytometry analysis and Western blot. Results: Autophagy could be induced in liver cancer cells after treatment with emodin. Inhibition of autophagy significantly increased growth-inhibitory effect of emodin on both HepG2 and Huh7 cancer cells. The combination treatment with CQ and emodin promoted remarkable apoptosis in liver cancer cells, evidenced by the increase in the percentage of cells in sub-G1 phase and the higher expression lever of cleaved caspase-3. Conclusion: Therapeutically targeting autophagy is capable of enhancing cytotoxicity of emodin in liver cancer cell lines.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that umbilical cord blood stem cel transplantation promote the recovery of spinal cord injury, and electroacupuncture also can inhibit the proliferation of astrocytes to reduce damage to scar formation, suggesting that a combination of umbilical cord blood stem cel transplantation and electroacupuncture may play an important role in the treatment of acute spinal cord injuries. OBJECTIVE:To observe the influence of transplantation of human umbilical cord blood stem cels combined with electroacupuncture at theDu channel on expression of nerve growth factor and neurotrophin 3 in rats with spinal cord injuries. METHODS: Seventy-two female Sprague-Dawlay rats were randomly divided into control group, injury group, transplantation group and combined therapy group. In the control group, only an incision on the back was sutured;in the injury group, a piece of saline-infiltrated gelatin sponge, 1 mm×2 mm×2 mm, was placed into the transected spinal cord at T10 level; in the transplantation group and combined therapy group, a piece of gelatin sponged infiltrated in the suspension of human umbilical cord blood stem cels was placed into the transected spinal cord, respectively, and then, electroacupuncture stimulation at the Duchannel was performed in the combined therapy group at 1 hour after modeling. Specimens were taken at 7, 14, 28 days after modeling in each group, and then immunohistochemistry, western blot and real time-PCR methods were used to detect the expression of nerve growth factor and neurotrophin 3. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the transplantation group, the expression of nerve growth factor and neurotrophin 3 was lower in the injury group but higher in the combined therapy group at 7, 14, 28 days after modeling (P < 0.05). The results of western blot and real time-PCR were consistent with those of immunohistochemical detection. Findings show that human umbilical cord blood stem cel transplantation combined with electroacupuncture has a remarkable synergistic effect in the treatment of spinal cord injury that can significantly up-regulate the expression of nerve growth factor and neurotrophin 3, and contribute to injured spinal cord repair, regeneration and functional recovery after spinal cord injury.

This paper was aimed to analyze the correlation between quality evaluation and whole complete quality assessment in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) clinical research progress,in order to discuss key steps and strategies in the clinical research progress.In accordance with the quality control indexes,all projects of Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Disease of TCM were given a research progress evaluation and complete condition.The scores were described with radar map method.The influence of research progress to whole complete quality was analyzed with correlation methods.The results showed that there was a significant correlation between research progress (including included cases and completed cases) and the total score of quality control (P ＜ 0.05).It was concluded that research progress was a key step to influence the entire clinical research level.It is necessary to strengthen the supervision on research progress to guarantee the whole research level.

Objective To investigate the experience of treating Budd-Chiari syndrome through orthotopic liver transplantation.Methods The clinical data of LTx performed on 9 patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome from December 2003 to April 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. We summarize the preoperative image and surgical experience,and observe the occurrence of postoperative complications and survival. Results Budd-Chiari syndrome was diagnosed in 9 patients by the preoperative abdominal CT enhancement and vascular reconstruction,and cavity venography was done to observe obstruction and sub-type of CAVA vein.All 9 patients were subjected to cadaveric liver transplantation.Eight cases accepted classic non bypass type,and one accepted living related right lobe liver transplantation. Postoperative triple immunosuppressive regimen included tacrolimus,mycophenolate mofetil,and hormone.The average follow-up periods for all these 9 patients were 32.8 months (13 to 61 months). One patient died from the tumor recurrence at 35th month after the operation.Two patients received re-transplantation for the lost of the graft.One recipient received the donor liver with medium steatosis,and the re-transplantation was performed on the12th day after the first transplantation due to the primary non function of the graft.The other one received the secondary liver transplantation at 6th month after the first transplantation due to the biliary complication and died from the liver tumor recurrence. Among all the 9 cases,seizure disorder (1 case),dysfunction of duodenal papillary muscle (1 case) and small-for-size syndrome (one case) occurred after the operation.Pulmonary infection occurred in 4 cases:3 cases due to the bacterial infection and 1 due to the fungal infection. Neither outflow obstruction nor the recurrence of the Budd-Chiari syndrome occurred in this study.The 1- and 2-year survival rate after the operation was both 100％,and 3-year survival rate post-transplantation was 88.9％ (8/9).Conclusion Liver transplantation can be the ideal treatment to the Budd-Chiari syndrome based on the definite clinical diagnosis,accurate imaging evaluation and eligible modus operandi.

Objective To summarize the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of autologous urologic neoplasms in renal transplant recipients.Methods A retrospective analysis on the clinical data of 25 renal transplant recipients was done in our center.The onset time of new neoplasms was between 29 to 72 months after transplantation,with an average of 48.2 months.Intermittent hematuria was the first symptom in 23 patients,and the rest two cases were diagnosed through routine examination. The pathological diagnoses of thee cases were renal carcinoma,which were treated by transperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.Eight cases were diagnosed as having renal pelvic tumor,which was treated by radical resection for the renal pelvic carcinoma.Fourteen cases were diagnosed as having bladder cancer,which was treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumor (13 cases) or radical cystectomy (one case).All patients were subjected to surgical treatment.The dosage of MMF,CSA/Tacrolimus was decreased to 1/2-2/3 of their original dosage. Sirolimus was used in place of calcineurin inhibitors in four patients.Immunosuppressive regimes and adjuvant therapy were given after surgery treatment.Results Twenty-five patients were followed up for 12-84 months.Contralateral renal carcinoma combined with lung and chest multiple metastases occurred in one case after radical nephrectomy,who died after targeted therapy 6 months later.Two patients with lymph node metastasis died 14 months and 20 months after surgery respectively.The rest 22 patients were closely followed up,whose creatinine remained 98-163μmol/L.Conclusion More attention should be paid to patients with hematuria after renal transplantation to screen the autologous urinary neoplasms.Patients should be treated with surgical procedures,and immunosuppressive regimens should be adjusted postoperatively.

BACKGROUND:Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine minimaly invasive treatment for halux valgus based on wrapped curtain method with “8”-shaped bandage and sub toe pad external fixation has been used for a long time in the clinic. This method abandons the internal implant fixationandexternal plaster fixation. After surgery, patients could take care of themselves. However, theactivity of the broken end may cause fracture nonunion, which once aroused scholars’ question. Recently, with the continuous improvement of foot biomechanics research, foot finite element model and applications become a reality.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate thestability of osteotomy after the operation of wrapped curtain method with“8”-shaped bandage and sub toe pad external fixation on the basis of static finite element method.
METHODS:A young female volunteer with halux valgus was selected, whose body weight was 58 kg, and right foot halux abductor valgus angle was 24°; intermetatarsal angle was 13°; proximal articulator set angle was 7°; distal articulator set angle was 7°. CT was used to scan the right foot. ABAQUS software was applied to establish a finite element model of right foot halux valgus bone, and model of the first metatarsal neck minimaly invasive osteotomy was simulated based on wrapped curtain method with external fixation. Von Mises stress and displacement at the osteotomy endwere calculated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The maximum stress was 0.067 MPa without external fixation, and the maximum stress was 1.258 MPa with the external fixation. Stress was mainly distributed in the outer edge of the osteotomy. (2) The maximum absolute displacement was 0.363 mm without external fixation, and the maximum absolute displacement was 0.716 mm with external fixation. The two largest displacements were both in the Z-axis direction. Statistical analysis confirmed that the four nodes absolute displacement and stress were significantly different (P< 0.01). (3) The maximum relative displacement was 0.101 mm. The maximum relative displacement was 0.046 mm with external fixation. The maximum relative displacement without external fixation was-0.102 mm and occurred in the Z-axis. The maximum relative displacement with external fixation was 0.110 mm and occurred in the Y-axis. (4) One-way analysis of variance confirmed that the four nodes relative displacements were not statisticaly significant in X-axisand Y-axis (P> 0.05). The four nodes relative displacements were statisticaly significant in Z-axis (P< 0.05). (5) These findings suggest that the external fixation based on wrapped curtain method after halux valgus surgery could effectively reduce osteotomy displacement. The moderate stress and elastic fixation are conducive to fracture healing.

BACKGROUNDExhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a noninvasive biomarker of airway inflammation in pulmonary diseases. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as the third member of the gasotransmitter family, is involved in the pathophysiological process in lung diseases. H2S also exists in exhaled breath and can be sampled non-invasively. The study investigated the level of exhaled H2S in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its correlation with exhaled NO.

METHODSLevels of exhaled NO and H2S, lung function, and cell differential counts in induced sputum were studied in 19 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD), 19 patients with stable COPD and seven healthy smoke controls.

RESULTSExhaled H2S levels were similar in patients with AECOPD (10.0 parts per billion (ppb), 8.0-13.0 ppb), stable COPD (10.0 ppb, 9.0-12.0 ppb), and healthy controls (9.0 ppb, 8.0-16.0 ppb) (P > 0.05). Exhaled NO levels were similar in patients with AECOPD (155.0 ppb, 129.0-190.0 ppb), stable COPD (154.0 ppb, 133.0-175.0 ppb) and healthy controls (165.0 ppb, 112.0-188.0 ppb) (P > 0.05). Exhaled H2S levels correlated positively with exhaled NO in all healthy controls and patients with COPD (r=0.467, P < 0.01). No significant correlation was found between the exhaled H2S level and percentage of predicted FEV1 (P > 0.05) and proportion of different cell types in induced sputum (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThere is a correlation between exhaled H2S and exhaled NO. The role of exhaled H2S in airway inflammation in COPD still needs further investigation.

Aged ; Breath Tests ; Female ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; physiology ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; metabolism ; physiopathology