Objective To investigate the present situation of water benzo (a) pyrene contamination in China and to make an ecological risk assessment. Methods B(a)P, one of the 16 prior-controlled polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollutants selected by US EPA, is used to reflect the potential risk of PAHs, a strong carcinogen. Since the content of B(a)P in water is rather low, the contamination levels in the sediment of domestic water environment are assessed with two ecological assessment standards: risk assessment guidelines of chemical concentrations in marine and estuary sediments and sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life and probable effects levels for adverse biological effects. Results The contents of B(a)P were 0.06-707.12 ng/g in sediment of rivers and lakes, 7.1-1 492.12 ng/g in surface sediment of seaports, marines, and tidal flats respectively. Conclusion Domestic water environment is generally suffered from B(a)P contamination, but still under the adverse effect level.

Objective To study the application of intensive reduction of blood pressure to the treatment of acute cerebral hemorrhage in elderly patients. Method From January 2006 to December 2007, 40 elderly patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage were enrolled in a randomized and controlled study. Patients were randomly divided into intensive blood pressure reduction group and control group in equal number ( n = 20). The antihyper-tensive agent was used intravenously to reduce the systolic blood pressure to the level lower than 140 mmHg within 1 hour after treatment in patients of intensive blood pressure reduction group, and then the blood pressures was maintained for 7 days.The blood pressure of patients in control group was reduced to that just under 180 mmHg. The size of the haematoma was measured before and 3 days after treatment. The Stroke Scale set by the American National Institutes of Health (NHISS) was assessed before and 7 days and 28 days after treatment,separately. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) was used to assess the patients 90 days after treatment. The outcomes were statistically analyzed with SPSS version 16.0 software. Measurement data were analyzed with t -test while numeration data were analyzed with chi-square test. Results Before and 3 days after treatment, there was significant difference in size hematoma between two groups (P < 0.05) . Between before and 7 days after treatment, there was significant difference in NHISS scale in intensive blood pressure reduction group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in control group (P > 0.05). Before and 28 days after treatment, there was significant difference in variance of NHISS scale between two groups ( P < 0.05) . Nineth days after treatment, there was significant difference in mild disability and severe disability between two groups ( P < 0.05) . Conclusions Intensive reduction of blood pressure is valid for the treatment of elderly patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of bioactive compounds from entomogenous fungi(BCEF0083)on hip-pocampus neurons and mRNA expression of BDNF in chronic stress depression rat models.METHODS:The selected rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,moclobemide20mg/kg group,and BCEF0083100,50,25mg/kg groups.The change in hippocampus neuron numbers were observed by HE staining and mRNA expression of BDNF was detected with RT-PCR.RESULTS:BCEF0083could increase the neuron numbers and up-regulate the expression of BDNF mRNA in hippocampus.CONCLUSION:The antidepressant effect of BCEF0083in chronic stress depression rat models is probably re-lated to the increase in hippocampus neuron numbers and up-regulation of expression of BDNF mRNA in hippocampus.

Adolescent ; Defibrillators, Implantable ; Female ; Humans ; Long QT Syndrome ; therapy

Objective To investigate the expression of adiponectin in placenta and its correlation with preeclampsia.Methods Placental tissues were collected from normal term pregnancies(normal pregnancy group,n=20),mild preeclampsia(mild preeclampsia group,n=12)and severe preeclampsia (severe preeclampsia group,n=22).The expression of adiponectin protein and the intensity of its mRNA in placenta were detected using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR,respectively.Integral optical density (IOD)which represents the expression level of adiponectin protein,and the ratio of adiponectin cDNA PCR products to β-actin cDNA PCR products which represents the intensity of transcription of adiponectin mRNA in placenta were analyzed.Results (1)The expression of adiponectin protein was observed in cytoplasm of placental cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts among three groups.There was no significant difference in adiponectin protein expression between maternal side and fetal side of placenta in three groups(all P＞0.05);(2)The expression of adiponectin protein in placenta in severe preeclampsia group(30 984 ±14 604)was significantly lower than that of mild preeclampsia group(58 360±8910,P＜0.01)and of normal pregnancy group(53 246±17 554,P＜0.01).There was also no significant difference in the expression of adiponeclln protein in placenta between term delivery and preterm delivery in severe preeclampsia group(38 890±20 386 vs 29 319±8997,P＞0.05),however,the expression of adiponectin protein in placenta in term delivery of severe preeclampsia group was significantly lower than that ofterm delivery of normlal pregnancy group(38 890±20 386 vs 53 246±17 554,P＜0.05);(3)The expression of adiponectin mRNA was detected in placental tissues among three groups also.The intensity of transcription of adiponectin in placenta in severe preeclampsia group(1.0±0.2)was markedly lower than that of mild preeclampsia group(2.9±0.8,P＜0.05)and normal pregnancy group(3.3±1.1,P=0.000).Conclusion The expression of adiponectin decreases in placenta tissues of severe preeclampsia,indicating that the abnormal expression of adiponectin may be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.

AIM To study the effect of bioactive compounds from entomogenous fungi (BCEF0083) on sleep-wakefulness cycle and behaviour in chronic unpredictable stress model of depression in rats. METHODS The effect of BCEF0083 on sleep-wakefulness cycle and behaviour was examined in the chronic unpredictable stress model of depression in rats. Stereotaxic and polysomnography were used to record the sleep-wakefulness cycle. The behaviour of rats was tested in the open field. RESULTS BCEF0083 increased ambulation and rearing score of chronic unpredictable stressed rats in the open field. BCEF0083 attenuated REMS percent and latency in chronic stressed rats obviously. CONCLUSION BCEF0083 can ameliate sleep-wakefulness cycle and behaviour in chronic unpredictable stress model of depression in rats.

AIM:To perform a new method for orbital implant and contracted socket through one time and its results. ·METHODS:Totally 114 patients 114 eyes, from January 2008 to June 2014, with contracted socket participated in this study. We incised the bulbar conjunctiva horizontally and excised scar tissue, then implanted the hydroxyapatite in the four extraocular muscles and tightly sutured the Tenon ' capsule. After that, we put the superior and inferior conjunctival petals backwards and sutured them to the Tenon ' s capsule. All the patients were divided into four groups according to the vertical diameter length of the conjunctival defect area:GroupⅠ:≤5mm; Group Ⅱ: 6-10mm; Group Ⅲ: 11-15mm; and Group Ⅳ: ≥16mm. These patients were followed up for 6mo to 3y to observe the conjunctival sac shaping and growth of conjunctiva. ·RESULTS:There were 64 cases in GroupⅠ, 31 cases in Group Ⅱ, 16 cases in Group Ⅲ and 3 cases in Group Ⅳ. All patients ' conjunctival defect was covered by new conjunctiva and scar tissue 4 to 6wk after surgeries. Ten cases had contracted socket; 2 cases had orbital implant exposure, requiring reoperation. Of the 114 cases, 8 had contracted socket and could use a smaller conformer, 106 could use a normal size conformer. ·CONCLUSION: When the conjunctival defect was ≤15mm, this new method can address the orbital implant and contracted socket at the same time. While it was ≥16mm, flap transplantation is necessary.

Background Medical refraction after cycloplegia is the preferable choice for precise measurement of degree of refractive error.Drugs used in China for cycloplegia include atropine and tropicamide,and the use of cyclopentolate is an alternative for ophthalmologist.However,the data for the evaluation and comparison of efficacy of the available drugs in cycloplegia is still lacking.Objective This system analysis was to evaluate the difference between atropine and cyclopentolate in cycloplegia in children.Methods A systematic literature retrieval was conducted in MEDLINE,EMbase,Google residual accommodation after cycloplegia by atropine and cyclopentolate were compared.Statistical analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.1.0 software.Results A total of 7 studies were included in this meta analysis,including 6 cohort study design and 1 randomized,doubleblinded clinical trial and 1232 eyes.For retinoscopic evaluation after cycloplegia,no significant differences were found between cyclopentolate and atropine in children with hyperopia and myopia (WMD =-0.21,95％ CI:-0.47-0.06,P=0.13 ; WMD =-0.10,95％ CI:-0.36-0.15,P =0.43).For residual accommodation after cycloplegia,no significant difference was seen between cyclopentolate and atropine in ammetropic children (WMD =0.30,95％ CI:-0.10-0.71,P =0.15).Conclusions Cyclopentolate shows the same effect on the cycloplegia as atropine in children,and it can take the place of atropine in cycloplegia in childhood.

AIM: To study the effect of bioactive compounds from Entomogenous fungi (BCEF0083), on AVP content of hypothalamus, pituitary and expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA of hippocampus in chronic unpredictable stress model of depression in rats. METHODS: The depression animal model was induced by chronic unpredictable stress. The effect of BCEF0083 on AVP content in hypothalamus and pituitary was tested by radioimmunoassay. RT-PCR was used to test the expression of GR mRNA in hippocampus. RESULTS: BCEF0083 decreased the AVP content of hypothalamus and pituitary in chronic unpredictable stressed rats, and increased the expression of GR mRNA of hippocampus in chronic stressed rats. CONCLUSION: BCEF0083 exhibits antidepressant effect by attenuating the stimulated function of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in chronic unpredictable stress model of depression in rats.

Objective To investigate the role of acid and bile reflux in children with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and to evaluate the significance of detecting acid and bile reflux in diagnosing GERD in children.Methods Using ambulatory 24 h pH mo-(nitoring) and bilirubin monitoring technique, we simultaneously assessed the changes of intraesophageal pH and bile reflux in 23 subjects (including 11 healthy controls and 12 patients with GERD).Results The time of esophageal acid exposure (pH