Vasovagal syncope (VVS)is the most common clinical unexplained syncope,and its pathogenesis has not been fully understood yet.The contradictory reflection of cardiac autonomic nervous system caused by riggerring Bezold-Jarisch reflex,which could cause dilated blood vessels,blood pressure and cardiac output decreased,insufficient blood supply to the brain relate with syncope occurrence.Currently,most people consider it mainly relatel to the age and gender of patients,history of syncope,family history,mental and psychological factors,dietary habits and other factors,but the exact risk factors of VVS remains further study of multi-center and a large sample of data.

Objective:To establish an HPLC method for the determination of EDTA-2Na in amphotericin B. Methods: A Waters C18 column(50 mm × 4. 6mm, 5 μm) was used. The mobile phase A was acetic acid solution (1. 5 ml acetic acid was added into 1000ml water, and 41 ml 10% tetrabutylammonium hydroxide solution was added), and the mobile B was acetonitrile with gradient e-lution. The flow rate was 0. 8 ml·min-1 , the column temperature was 30℃, the detection wavelength was 260 nm and the injection volume was 25μl. Results:The results showed that EDTA-2Na in amphotericin B could be detected without any interference. The cal-ibration curve of EDTA-2Na was linear within the range of 0. 92-7. 37μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 9), the LOD was 1. 93 ng·ml-1 and the LOQ was 6. 45 ng·ml-1. The average recovery was 102. 5% (RSD=2. 8%, n=9). Conclusion: The method is simple, selective and accurate. It can be used for the quality control of EDTA-2Na in amphotericin B.

Objective To investigate the status of anxiety-depression and the relevant factors in puerpera be- fore delivery.Methods The emotion of anxiety and depression in puerpera before delivery was evaluated by self-rat- ing anxiety scale(SAS)and self-rating depression scale(SDS)which had satisfactory validity and reliability.Results The values of anxiety and depression in puerpera were higher than those of general crowd(P

Abundant experiences have already been accumulated in treatment of stroke with acupuncture. Development of rehabilitation theory also brings unprecedented opportunity and challenge to acupuncture. Combined with the modern rehabilitation theory and practice, it is very helpful to deepen the understanding on treatment of acupuncture for cerebral apoplexy and enhance the therapeutic effect in clinic by studying the mechanism of acupuncture treatment, opportunity of intervention, selection of acupoints, needling manipulations and quantity of stimulations etc. Through analysis on the necessity and the way of combination of acupuncture and modern rehabilitation, it is concluded that rehabilitation evaluation, rehabilitation phases and obstacle analysis should be taken as references by acupuncturists to reinforce the therapeutic effect and creditability of acupuncture treatment on cerebral apoplexy.
Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Hemiplegia ; rehabilitation ; therapy ; Humans ; Stroke ; therapy ; Stroke Rehabilitation

This study examined the effect of integrin cytoplasmic domain-associated protein 1α (ICAP-1α) and its mutatants T38A and I138A on the adhesion, migration and tube formation of 2H-11 cells. rAAV-ICAP-1α, rAAV-T38A and rAAV-I138A were constructed. After infection, the expression of ICAP-1α and p-ERK1/2, p-c-Jun protein was measured by Western blotting. Adhesion ability was evaluated by using MTT. Cell migration was determined by using Boyden chamber method. Tube formation test was conducted on Matrigel. The results showed that in ICAP-1α, T38A and I138A groups, ICAP-1α protein expression was increased. In T38A and I138A groups, phospho-ERK1/2, phospho-c-Jun protein expressions were significantly increased as compared with the control group and the GFP group. ICAP-1α group protein expression was obviously decreased when compared with the control group and the GFP group. Cell adhesion ratio was 0.1429±0.0080 in control group, 0.1434±0.0077 in GFP group and the ratio in T38A and I138A groups increased to 0.3210±0.0082 and 0.3250±0.0079, respectively. In ICAP-1α group, the ratio was decreased to 0.1005±0.0073. In T38A and I138A groups, the number of migrating 2H-11 cells was increased to 31.45±3.20 and 33.10±5.40 against 18.51±2.80 in control group and 20.47±3.12 in GFP group. In ICAP-1α group, the number was decreased to 12.06±1.72. The number of tube-like structures was increased to 20.41±2.54 in T38A and to 22.26±3.07 in I138A groups as compared to those of control group 12.45±1.84 and GFP group 13.63±2.71. In ICAP-1α group, the number of tube-like structures was decreased to 8.32±1.24. It was suggested that rAAV-T38A and rAAV-I138A transfection can substantially increase 2H-11 cell adhesion, migration and angiogenisis, while rAAV-ICAP-1α can greatly inhibit the effect. These effects might be correlated with ERK1/2 and c-Jun protein phosphorylation.

Objective To explore the relationship between the hemodynamic changes in head-up tilt test(HUTT) and the height,body quality and body mass index in children.Methods We choosed 1906 cases of unexplained syncope,headache,dizziness in children who came from Children Syncope Outpatient in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from Jan.2000 to Aug.2012,Male 964 cases and female 942 cases.Their ages were 2 to 17.92 years old.The average age was 10.84 ± 2.97 years old.The height and body mass in children was measured,BMI was calculated.After obtain written informed consent subjects or guardian,the HUTT was carried.According to the result of HUTT and reaction type,the children were divided into HUTT negative group,orthostatic tachycardia syndrome(POTS) group,vasovagal syncope (VVS) vascular inhibitory type group,VVS heart inhibited type group,the VVS mixed group.Results Compared to the HUTT negative group,the age increased in POTS group and VVS vascular inhibitory group and VVS mixed group(P ＜ 0.05),height and body quality and body surface area increased in POTS group and VVS vascular inhibitory group and VVS mixed group(P ＜ 0.01).Compared to POTS group,body quality and body surface area reduced in VVS vascular inhibitory group and VVS mixed group(P ＜ 0.05).VVS heart inhibitory group was no statistically significant difference compared with the other groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion There is a certain relationship between the hemodynamic changes in HUTT and the height,body quality and BMI in children.

Asthma ; therapy ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy

Objective To analyze the significance of the Calgary Syncope Seizures Scores (CSSS)and the Modified Calgary Syncope Seizure Scores (MCSSS)for differential diagnosis of syncope or epilepsy in children. Methods Totally 201 children[95 male,and 1 06 female,aged 5 -1 8 years,mean age (1 1 .76 ±3.03)years]with syncope or epilepsy who visited the syncope clinic or admitted to the Department of Nerve Specialty Clinic of Pediatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from October 201 3 to April 201 4 were included in the study. Patients were eligible if they had ≥1 loss of consciousness.The diagnosis was analyzed by the CSSS and the MCSSS and receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve was used to explore the predictive value of different scores in differential diagnosis of syncope or epilepsy in children.Results There were significant differences in the CSSS be-tween syncope[-4(-6,1 )]and epilepsy[2(-3,5)]in children(Z =-1 1 .63,P <0.01 ).When the score was ≥1 ,the sensitivity and specificity of the differential diagnosis between syncope and epilepsy were 91 .46% and 95.80%, respectively;and Youden index was 0.87.Epilepsy should be considered when the score was ≥1 .There were significant differences in the MCSSS between syncope[-4(-6,1 )]and epilepsy[3(-3,6)]in children(Z =-1 1 .71 ,P <0.01 ).When the score was ≥1 ,the sensitivity and specificity of the differential diagnosis between syncope and epilep-sy were 92.68% and 96.64%,respectively;and Youden index was 0.89.Epilepsy should be considered when the score was ≥1 .Conclusions CSSS and MCSSS might be used as an initial diagnostic method in differential diagnosis be-tween syncope and epilepsy in children,based on the history of the patients.MCSSS in the differential diagnosis between syncope and epilepsy in children was more objective,easier to operate in the clinical work than CSSS.

Objective:To study the effects of the fastigial nucleus electrostimulation on the ability of learning and memory and the Apoptosis of the neurons in the hippocampal district in ratymodel of Alzheimer's D isease induced by?-amyloid(A?).Methods:Forty rats were randomly divided into:A?1-40 micro-injection groups(AD),sham-operation roup(SC),A?1-40 micro-injection and fastigial nucleus stimulation group(FNS),a A?1-40 micro-injection and corpus dentatum stimulation group(DNS).The effect of fastigial nucleus electrostimulation on learning and memory retention disorder in the model rats was studied by the test of Morris water maze;the brain protection of fastigial nucleus electrostimulation in model rats was observed through pathomorphology changes;the Apoptosis of the neurons in the hippocampal CA1 district was detected by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling method.Results:The escape latency of the place navigation in the AD grou,FNS group and DNS group were singnificiantly longer than that in the SC group(P

Objective To monitor the quality changes of iodized salt and analyze its impact factor in Chongqing between 2001 and 2009. Methods Salt samples were collected according to the east, west, south,north and center locations in iodized salt production, wholesale and household sectors. Two units in iodized salt production and wholesale segment were sampled from north, south, east and west places and only 1 unit was sampled from the central place. Nine samples were collected every month in each place. If the place had less than 9 units, and then taken all the units. About resident household, 2 townships were sampled from north, south, east and west places, and 1 township was sampled from the central place, then 20 samples were collected from each township. Iodine content was detected by oxidation-reduction assay. The index of mean iodine, qualified rate from factories and wholesale, coverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt in residents were calculated.Significance was analyzed by trend test, analysis of variance and X2 test. Results The qualified rate of iodized salt from the manufacturers was 92.9%(13/14) in 2001 and the rate was 100.0% each year from 2002 to 2009. The qualified rates of iodized salt from the wholesale were 88.7%(282/318) - 99.8%(431/432). The rates of 2001 and 2002 were lower than that of other years(X2 = 4.98 - 45.69, all P< 0.05 or < 0.01). The coverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt in residents were 94.2% (11 154/11 841 ) - 98.9% ( 14 061/14 217), 83.5% (9 887/11 841 ) -95.8% (13 449/14 039), respectively. The rates showed an increasing tendency (F = 9.27, 26.39, all P < 0.05).The districts(counties) with qualified iodized salt consumption rate > 90% kept increasing. The mean iodine from the manufacturers and wholesale were 29.71 - 36.25, and 31.26 - 36.13 mg/kg, respectively. The iodine level showed a descending trend(F = 35.45, 140.59, all P < 0.01 ). The mean iodine level from the inhabitants were 28.84 - 30.98 mg/kg which remained stable (F = 3.05, P > 0.05 ). The iodine level from manufacturers, wholesale to inhabitants showed an descending trend(F = 38.46 - 671.23, all P < 0.01 ). Conclusions The surveillance results of iodized salt shows an increasing tendency in quality of iodized salt, eoverage rate and taking rate of qualified iodized salt. Factors that affect the quality of iodized salt is that the enterprise does not add iodine to salt strictly by the standard.