OBJECTIVETo study the clinical features of juvenile primary fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) and to evaluate outcome after treatment.

METHODSSix patients with juvenile primary FMS were registered in department of rheumatology and their clinical data were assessed, including degree of pain (visual analog scale, VAS), fatigue, depression, anxiety, sleep disturbances, arthrodynia, subjective joint swelling, abdominal pain, irritable bowel symptoms, urinary urgency, dysmenorrhea, morning stiffness, paresthesias, illness changes with weather, feeling worse with exercise, laboratory examination and outcome of treatment.

RESULTSAbdominal pain was the first symptom in 5 of the cases with juvenile primary FMS, diffuse aching and left knee pain were the first symptoms in one patient. All the 6 patients were misdiagnosed prior to their rheumatological evaluation. Diffuse aching, fatigue, sleep disturbances, illness changes with weather and feeling worse with exercise existed in all the 6 patients (100%), the mean pain score was 8.8 and the mean initial tender points (TP) count was 13.7. Arthrodynia, subjective joint swelling, abdominal pain, irritable bowel symptoms and urinary urgency existed in 5 of the 6 patients (83%). Dysmenorrhea existed in 4 (67%), depression in 3 (50%), morning stiffness in 2 (33%), paresthesias in 2 (33%) and anxiety in 2 (33%), respectively. The results of laboratory examination were normal and the outcomes of treatment were good.

CONCLUSIONJuvenile primary FMS may not be a rare disease and the clinicians should pay more attention to it for avoiding misdiagnosis.

Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Fibromyalgia ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the application and the good qualities of high-resolution ultrasound and CDFI-guided mammotome minimally invasive biopsy device in the diagnosis and treatment of breast lesions.Methods The common clinical operations and the lesions which were guided mammotome minimally invasive biopsy device by high-resolution ultrasound and CDFI were contrasted.The effects of treatment were evaluated.Results 307 le- sions of 102 patients were removed by this method,and the operational process was successful.Patients' skin lacera- tions were tiny.Only one lesion was clinically diagnosed as mild blood clot under skin,but without other complica- tions.Conclusion Contrasted with the common clinily operations.the high-resolution ultrasound and CDFI-guided mammotome minimally invasive biopsy device in the diagnosis and treatment of breast lesion is effective,and the scar is tiny.It releases patients' pain.

In order to characterize the molecular epidemiology of HFMD-associated Coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) in Fujian Province, a total of 1340 specimens from non-EV71 non-CVA16 HFMD patients were collected during 2011-2013. Isolated virus strains were identified and subtyped. Full-length coding regions for the VP1 gene of the predominant serotype CVA6 isolates were amplified and sequenced. Among the 375 non-EV71 non-CVA16 HFMD cases confirmed by virus isolation and molecular subtyping, 182 (48.5%) were found to be caused by CVA6, accounting for 7.9%, 16.2% and 39.6% HFMD-associated enteroviruses in FujianProvince during 2011, 2012, and 2013, respectively. Compared with general features observed in the HFMD epidemic, no difference in CVA6-specificity or severity rates was observed between geographical origins, gender, or age groups. Nucleotide sequence analyses of VP1 genes revealed high diversity levels of 16.2%-18.6% among CVA6 strains from Fujian Province, in contrast to the prototype CVA6 strain, and showed low levels of diversity in the amino acid sequences (4.3%-6.2%). Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that CVA6 isolates from Fujian Province were distinct from the prototype strain and other isolates from abroad; however, it was homologous to domestic strains, although the Fujian isolates clustered into multiple branches. These results suggested that significant changes in the pathogenic spectrum of HFMD in Fujian Province occurred during 2011-2013, as CVA6 was one of the predominant serotypes of HFMD. CVA6 isolates from Fujian Province were co-circulating and co-evolving with other domestic strains as multiple closely related CVA6 transmission chains were observed in Fujian Province overall and within each prefecture.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Evolution, Molecular ; Female ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Molecular Epidemiology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny

This study aims to investigate the characteristics of genomic variation of pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza virus isolated in Fujian Province, China. Complete genome sequence analysis was performed on 14 strains of pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza virus isolated from Fujian during 2009-2012. All virus strains were typical low-pathogenic influenza viruses, with resistance to amantadine and sensitivity to neuraminidase inhibitors. Eight genome fragments of all strains were closely related to those of A/California/07/2009 (H1N1) vaccine strain, with > or = 98.2% homology. Compared with the vaccine strain, the influenza strains from Fujian had relatively large variation, and variation was identified at 11 amino acid sites of the HA gene of A/Fujiangulou/SWL1155/2012 strain, including 4 sites (H138R, L161I, S185T, and S203T) involved inthree antigen determinants (Ca, Sa, and Sb). In conclusion, the influenza vaccine has a satisfactory protective effect on Fujian population, but the influenza strains from Fujian in 2012 has antigenic drift compared with the vaccine strain, more attention should therefore be paid to the surveillance of mutations of pandemic A/H1N1/2009 influenza virus.
Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; genetics ; Genome, Viral ; genetics ; Genomics ; Humans ; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ; drug effects ; genetics ; immunology ; physiology ; Influenza, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Pandemics ; prevention & control ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo identify prognostic factors in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).

METHODSHematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained histopathological slides of tumors from patients with mesenchymal neoplasms growing in the gastrointestinal tract and abdomen were reviewed. Two histologically representative areas were identified and chosen for tissue microarray. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to demonstrate c-kit protein (CD117), CD34, smooth muscle actin, desmin and S-100 protein. The relations of various clinicopathologic features to outcome were analyzed.

RESULTSThe overall disease-specific survival of 194 patients was 93.5% at 1 year, 72.1% at 3 years and 63.2% at 5 years. Univariate analysis indicated that the tumor size, mitotic count, primary location, necrosis, high cellularity, mucosal invasion, mixed cell type, hemorrhage, direct tumor invasion of surrounding tissue, male sex, incompleteness of resection, cytologic atypia were significant predictors of survival. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size, mitotic count, necrosis, direct tumor invasion of surrounding tissue and male sex were poor prognostic signs.

CONCLUSIONTumor size and mitotic count are important prognostic factors. However, to evaluate the prognosis of these tumors, a surgical pathologist should incorporate multiple parameters into their histologic evaluation in attempt to reach an appropriate opinion on the aggressiveness of GIST.

Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; mortality ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate

To observe the effect of extracts of ginseng, notoginseng, and Chuanxiong Rhizome on the cytoskeleton protein F-actin and G-actin of the replicative senescence vascular smooth muscle cells, with human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) as the research object, and the replicative senescence 9th generation cells as the senescence models, the experiment was divided into youth group (5th generation cells), model group (9th generation cells), Chinese medicine low dose group (100 mg•L⁻¹), middle dose group (200 mg•L⁻¹), and high dose group (400 mg•L⁻¹) and resveratrol group (10 μmol•L⁻¹). The intervention time was 48 h. β-Galactosidase specific staining method was used to calculate the ratio of blue dyeing cells. CCK-8 method was used to detect the cells proliferation. The flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle. Immunofluorescent staining was used to observe morphological changes of F-actin and G-actin. The western blot assay was used to determine the expression of F-actin protein. Compared with the model group, the Chinese medicine groups and resveratrol group significantly reduced the number of blue dyeing cells, improved the ability of cells proliferation, reduced the number of cells in G0/G1 phase, increased the number of cells in S phase, and reduced the protein expression of F-actin and the formation of stress fibers, with obvious intervention effect and statistically significant difference. Therefore, the replicative senescence vascular smooth muscle cells can be used as the models for senescence research, with significant changes in morphology and protein expression of cytoskeleton protein F-actin and G-actin in the process of cells aging. The extracts of ginseng, notoginseng, and Chuanxiong Rhizome have obvious intervention effect on F-actin and G-actin, and it might be indirectly associated with delaying the aging of blood vessels.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of extract of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma in delaying the senescence of vascular endothelial cells induced by high glucose and high fat. Method: The 40 mmol·L^-1 glucose and 100 μmol·L^-1 palmitate were used to induce endothelial cell senescence. The experiment was divided into control group, model group and low, medium and high-dose traditional Chinese medicine groups (50,100,200 mg·L^-1). The intervention lasted for 48 h. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8); cell senescence was detected by senescence β-galactosidase staining; p16 and p21 protein expression levels were detected by Western blot; p-H2A. X(Ser139) expression, mitochondria ROS(mtROS) production and changes in mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP) were detected by immunofluorescence. Result: Compared with the control group, in model group, the cell proliferation ability and the number of SA-β-gal blue-stained cells decreased(P<0.01), while the mtROS production and the expressions of p16, p21 and p-H2A. X(Ser139) increased(P<0.05,P<0.01). Compared with the model group, extract of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma can increase cell proliferation and MMP levels(P<0.01), and reduce the number of SA-β-gal blue-stained cells, the mtROS production, and expression levels of p16, p21 and p-H2A. X(Ser139)(P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion: The above results suggest that extract of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma delay of endothelial cellular senescence induced by high glucose and high fat, and its mechanism may be related to increasing mitochondrial membrane potential and reducing DNA damage accumulation caused by ROS production.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma on vascular senescence induced by high glucose in mice from adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase/mechanistic target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) pathway. Method: A total of 130 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group and high glucose group. The high glucose group was intraperitoneally injected with streptozocin(STZ) and fed with a high-fat diet continuously for seven months. Mice were divided into 4 groups:model group, low-dose extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma(0.819 g·kg^-1) group, high-dose extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma group (1.638 g·kg^-1) and metformin group (150 mg·kg^-1), and intragastrically administered once a day for nine weeks. The changes in body weight and blood glucose were measured. At the end of the administration, htoxylin eosin(HE) was performed for the detection of aortic morphology, and the expressions of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21), AMPK, p-AMPK, mTOR, p-mTOR, liver kinase B1 (LKB1), p-LKB1, Ribosomal protein s6 kinase (p70s6k) and p-p70s6k proteins in mouse aorta were detected by Western blot. Result: Compared with blank group, mice in model group had lower body weight and higher blood glucose (P<0.01). After 9 weeks of drug intervention, there was no significant difference in body weight among groups, and the blood glucose level was significantly lower than that in model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Model group showed a severe intima injury and hyperplasia, middle membrane was obviously proliferated and irregularly arranged. After drug intervention, the intimal damage of each group was not obvious, and the middle membrane was slightly proliferated. The protein expressions of p16, p21, mTOR, p-mTOR, p70s6k and p-p70s6k in model group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the protein expressions of AMPK, p-AMPK, LKB1 and p-LKB1 were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01). After drug intervention, the protein expressions of p16, p21, mTOR, p-mTOR, p70s6k, p-p70s6k in each group were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the protein expressions of AMPK, p-AMPK, LKB1, p-LKB1 were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion: High glucose can induce vascular senescence, and extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Chuanxiong Rhizoma can improve vascular aging induced by high glucose through AMPK/mTOR pathway.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of notoginsenoside R₁ in delaying H₂O₂-induced vascular endothelial cell senescence through microRNA-34a/SIRT1/p53 signal pathway. In this study， human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) were selected as the study object; the aging model induced by hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂) was established， with resveratrol as the positive drug. HUVECs were randomly divided into four groups， youth group， senescence model group， notoginsenoside R₁ group and resveratrol group. Notoginsenoside R₁ group and resveratrol group were modeled with 100 μmoL·L⁻¹ H₂O₂ for 4 h after 24 h treatment with notoginsenoside R₁(30 μmoL·L⁻¹) and resveratrol(10 μmoL·L⁻¹) respectively. At the end， each group was cultured with complete medium for 24 h. The degree of cellular senescence was detected by senescence-associated β-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal) staining kit， the cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8， the cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry， and the cellular SOD activity was detected by WST-1 method in each group. The expressions of SIRT1， p53， p21 and p16 proteins in HUVECs were detected by Western blot. In addition， the mRNA expressions of miRNA-34a， SIRT1 and p53 in HUVECs were assayed by Real-time PCR. These results indicated that notoginsenoside R₁ significantly reduced the positive staining rate of senescent cells， enhanced the cell proliferation capacity and intracellular SOD activity， decreased the proportion of cells in G₀/G₁ phase， and increased the percentage of cells in S phase simultaneously compared with the senescence model group. Moreover， notoginsenoside R₁ decreased the mRNA expressions of miRNA-34a and p53 and the protein expression of p53， p21 and p16.At the same time， notoginsenoside R₁ increased the protein and mRNA expressions of SIRT1. The differences in these results between the senescence model group and the notoginsenoside R₁ group were statistically significant(<0.05). However， there was not statistically significant difference in these results between the notoginsenoside R₁ group and the resveratrol group. In conclusion， the senescence of endothelial cells induced by H₂O₂ can be used as a model for studying aging. Notoginsenoside R₁ has an obvious anti-aging effect on vascular endothelial cells in this study. The possible mechanism is that notoginsenoside R₁ can delay the senescence process of vascular endothelial cells induced by H₂O₂ by regulating microRNA-34a/SIRT1/p53 signal pathway.
Cells, Cultured ; Cellular Senescence ; drug effects ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Sirtuin 1 ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

Objective:To investigate the effect of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract on endothelial microparticles （EMPs）-induced vascular endothelial cell senescence， and explore the possible mechanism. Method:Human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs） were used as the research objects， and the aged model was established with 10-12 passages of replicative senescence cells. The experimental cells were divided into young group （2-4 passage cells）， aged group （10-12 passage cells）， only EMPs intervention group （extract EMPs produced by aged cells to intervene young cells） and low dose， middle dose and high dose drug intervention groups （200， 300， 400 mg·L^-1）. Senescence related β-galactosidase （SA-β-gal） staining and cell cycle propidium iodide （PI） staining were used to determine cell senescence. Cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay was used to screen the drug concentration. EMPs were extracted by two-step centrifugation， EMPs labeled with phycoerythrin （PE） anti-human CD31 antibody or fluorescein isothiocyanate （FITC） annexin V were detected by flow cytometry， intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） were detected by 2'，7'- dichlorofluorescein diacetate （DCFDA） staining. Result:After treatment with the drug， SA-β-gal activity of the aged cells significantly decreased （P<0.01）， the S phase arrest was restored （P<0.01）， and the number of CD31⁺ EMPs and annexin V⁺ EMPs secreted by aged cells decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with the young group， only EMPs intervention group could induce increased SA-β-gal activity and S phase arrest in young cells （P<0.05，P<0.01）. However， after intervention of EMPs and the drug， EMPs-mediated increase of SA-β-gal activity was significantly inhibited and S phase arrest was restored （P<0.05）. The increase of intracellular ROS induced by EMPs was also significantly inhibited by the drug （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Conclusion:Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma-Chuanxiong Rhizoma extract can delay the senescence of vascular endothelial cells by influencing EMPs， and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of increased intracellular ROS induced by EMPs.