BACKGROUND: Fluorine used for light-cured fluorine-containing resin can reduce and prevent dental caries, as well as play a long-term effect against tooth decay. However, there are rare reports on the composite preparation and performance.OBJECTIVE: To study the preparation and performance of the light-cured fluorine-containing resin. METHODS: Triethylamine as a catalyst, bisphenol A, bisphenol S, glycidyl methacrylate, trifluoroacetic anhydride and inorganic fillers (modified silicon dioxide, hydroxyapatite or titanium dioxide at mass fraction of 5％, 10％, 15％, 20％)were mixed to prepare the light-cured fluorine-containing resin. Then, the tensile strength, bending modulus,polymerization conversion and water of the composites were tested, and the morphology of the resin was observed under transmission electron microscope.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At the same mass fraction, the tensile strength was highest in the titanium dioxide group, higher in the hydroxyapatite group, and lowest in the silicon dioxide group (P < 0.05). At the same mass fraction, there was no difference in the bending modulus between the titanium dioxide group and the hydroxyapatite group (P > 0.05), while the bending modulus in the silica group was significantly higher than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05).At the same mass fraction, the polymerization conversion of the composite resin was higher in the titanium dioxide group than the hydroxyapatite and silicon dioxide groups (P < 0.05), but there was no difference between the latter two groups (P > 0.05). With the increasing of mass fraction, the water absorption of the composite resin kept an increasing trend.Under the transmission electron microscope, the fracture surface of the silicon dioxide group was relatively flat, and the resin body exhibited good biocompatibility with the filler; in the hydroxyapatite group, the fracture surface was rough with obvious ups and downs, and the biocompatibility between the resin body and the filler was relatively poor; in the titanium dioxide group, the fracture surface was layered and the filler settled in the resin body, and moreover, titanium dioxide particles were deposited on the bottom of the resin, resulting in larger voids and filler particles as well as poor biocompatibility. To conclude, the light-cured fluorine-containing resin has good mechanical properties, curable properties and absorption rate.

Objective To summarize the perioperative experience of nursing the middle-aged and elderly patients of lumbar spinal stenosis and degenerative lumbar scoliosis treated with posterior or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion. Methods Posterior or transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion was performed in 69 middle-aged and elderly patients with lumbar spinal stenosis and degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Nursing measures included evaluation and treatment of complications, preoperative guidance for surgical body position, and postoperative close monitoring, treatment of complications and functional exercises. Results The operation on all the 69 patients was smooth, with surgical time ranged from 3 to 7 hours and bleeding volume between 300~750 mL. Postoperatively, 9 patients suffered from CSF leaks, 3 ones had a screw loose by imageology, 2 did from pneumonia, 2 did from DVT, and 3 did from depression. After clinical management and nursing, all the patients were cured and discharged. Conclusions Meticulous clinical treatment and nursing of preoperative complications and instructions on body position are the foundation for successful surgeries. Postoperatively, close monitoring, management of the complications and the instruction on functional exercises are guarantees for the successful surgeries.

Animals ; Herpesviridae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and diagnosis of mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP) pneumonia showing lobar pneumonia.Methods Patients from Jan.2004 to Dec.2005 were selected as researching case,which had samptoms and signs of respiratory in clinic,the chest Xray shown lobar pneumonia,the MP of down respiratory′s secretion detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and MP-IgM of serum detected by indirect hemagglutination were positive.The clinical data of them were reviewed.Results MP pneumonia showing lobar pneumonia was same to streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia in clinic,but it had some characters:1.majority of the lobar MP pneumonia were children being student;2.the process was long,the samptoms of respiratory was tipical,the continuous fever was few,and the infectious samptoms was not obvious as streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia;3.the injury to lung was more and tipical;4.the increase of white blood cell,neutrocyte and C-reactive protein were not clearly as to streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia,but the absorbing of lung′s focal was relatively fast;5.the ?-lactams antibiotic was not effective,but macrolides was effective.Conclusions Clinical characters of MP pneumonia are needed to master,the variety of chest X-ray changes and differentiate from other pneumonia infected by other are needed to notice.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Attractin (Atrn) silence on the anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic abilities of TM4 Sertoli cells and its influence on the expressions of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and caspase6 in the cells.

METHODSWe observed the apoptotic indexes of TM4 Sertoli cells with normal expression (control), partial deletion, and complete deletion of the Atrn gene (psiRNA-TM4, psiAtrn-TM4, and mu-SC). We determined the mRNA and protein expressions of SOD and caspase6 by Q-PCR and Western blot, measured the SOD activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) contentby spectrophotometry, and detected the apoptotic index of the cells by TUNEL.

RESULTSCompared with psiRNA-TM4, after inhibition of the Atrn expression, the Sertoli cells in the psiAtrn-TM4 and mu-SCgroups showed significantly decreased expressions ofSOD mRNA (70.76% and 92.58%) and protein (65.11% and 71.0%) (both P < 0.05). The levels of caspase 6 mRNA and protein were increased 5.28 and 3.40 times in the psiAtrn-TM4 and 2.97 and 2.50 times in the mu-SCgroup as compared with the normal control (both P < 0.05). Atrn deletion markedly increased the apoptotic indexes of the cells in the psiAtrn-TM4 and mu-SC groups by 16.22% and 22.03% (P < 0.05) and reduced the activity of SOD by 23.00% and 39.37% (P < 0.05); it also elevated the level of MDA by 155.22% (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe Atrn gene exerts influence on the function of Sertoli cells in multiple ways, in which antioxidative stress and apoptosis regulation may play an important role.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 6 ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Gene Deletion ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress ; Sertoli Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism

Objective To introduce the idea and the structure of Intelligent Outpatient Queuing System.Methods The hardware was constructed and the software was developed for the application of Intelligent Outpatient Queuing System.Results Run and debugged for one year,the system achieved anticipated results: the outpatient queuing order was effectively improved.Conclusion With a friendly interface,the system is easy to operate and suitable to the complicated situation of an outpatient department.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effects of aminoguanidine(AG) on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion damage in rats. Methods The intravascular thread models with 2 h of occlusion and 22 h of reperfusion were made in the rats.The brain infarction size and the degree of blood brain barrier(BBB) disruption in the ischemic regions were evaluated by staining with 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride and observing with Evans blue fluorescence microscope.HE staining was utilized for observing neutrophil infiltration. Results The brain infarction(volume,) the area of BBB disruption and the degree of neutrophil infiltration were dramatically decreased in the treatment group as compared to the control group(P

Objective To estimate help-seeking behavior among individual with overactive bladder (OAB) in type 2 diabetes mellitus and its influencing factors.Methods This was a cross-sectional survey with a representative sample of 133 patients with OAB in type 2 diabetes mellitus responded the questionnaires,including a self-designed Demographic Data Questionnaire,12-item Short-Form health survey questionnaire,Overactive Bladder Symptom Score,Patient Perception of Bladder Condition,Help-seeking Behavior Questionnaire.Results Among cases,21.8％(29/133) had seen a doctor for voiding problems.In the Logistic model,educational status,Charlson comorbidity index,glycosylated hemoglobin,and OAB symptom bother were found to be associated with help-seeking behavior,OR value(95％ confidence interval) were 3.158(1.511-6.599),2.537(1.327-4.849),0.631(0.430-0.926),1.655(1.126-2.434),P ＜0.01 or 0.05.Conclusions The help-seeking rate of OAB individuals in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients is low.Health care providers should understand the predictors of help-seeking behavior and take actions to improve patient's health care utilization and quality of life.

With the progresses of the research on "Digital Human", more and more information has been needed for the setting up of the three-dimensional digital models of human organs. In the present paper, based on the method of block mapping with a normal-style bump mapping method, we normalized the vector of the surface of the models, computed offset of the texture coordinates and added to them. The projection of the coordinates to the tangential space complemented the disturbance to the vector of models' surface. The method was proposed with bump texture mapping on the surface of the biological models of organs to improve the impression of the visualization of the organ models and to enhance the sense of reality of the models.
Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Biological

BACKGROUND: Increase of fibrinogen is an independent risk factor for cardio-cerebrovascular disease and peripheral angiopathy. Fibrinogen and its degradation product exist in carotid atheromatous plaque and it can stimulate proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells so as to play a key role in early atherosclerosis.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between plasma fibrinogen and carotid atheromatous plaque.DESIGN: Descriptive observation.SETTING: Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, Medical Collegeof Shanghai Jiaotong University.PARTICIPANTS: A total of 81 patients with ischemic stroke were selected from Neurological Department of Xinhua Hospital affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University from September to December 2001.There were 53 males and 28 females aged 41-85 years with the mean age of (65±11) years.METHODS: On the basis of carotid ultrasonography, 81 patients with ischemic stroke were divided into present plaque group (n=45) and absent plaque group (n=36) to measure plasma fibrinogen, serum total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and other risk factors of atherosclerosis so as to observe the correlation between risk indexes and carotid atheromatous plaque.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Risk indexes of carotid atherosclerosis and carotid atheromatous plaque.RESULTS: All 81 patients were involved in the final analysis. ① Values of fibrinogen, TC and LDL-C in present plaque group were (4.38±1.33) g/L,(5.19±1.27) mmol/L and (3.15±0.37) mmol/L, respectively, which were higher than those in absent plaque group [(3.20±1.30) g/L, (4.56±1.30) mmol/L,(2.49±0.92) mmol/L, P ＜ 0.05]. ② Ratios of carotid atheromatous plaque were 11% (5 cases), 16% (7 cases) and 73% (33 cases) in fibrinogen groups at Iow, moderate and high dosages, respectively. There was significant difference (P =0.002). ③ Multiple factor analyses of carotid atherosclerosis showed that the risk factors which promoted the formation of carotid atheromatous plaque were diabetes mellitus, low density lipoprotein (LDL), fibrinogen and age growing.CONCLUSION: Fibrinogen plays an active role in development and progression of carotid atheromatous plaque.