Objective To study the adriamycin nephrosis model in different development pathological stages. Methods The rat adriamycin nephrosis model was established by injecting adriamycin into tail-vein twice every two weeks to detect blood and urina biochemical indicators and to observe the pathological changes of the renal tissues. Results The model showed serious edema,proteinuria,hypoproteinemia,and hyperlipidemia. Podocytes were swollen and mesangial cells developed mild hyperplasia at the end of the fourth week. The nephric tubule atrophied at the end of the eighth week accompanied with adhesion between glomeruli and Bowman's capsule. Glomeruli sclerosis of mild or medium degree was observed at the end of the twelfth week with obvious lymphocyte infiltration in the renal interstitium as well as the formation of collagen fibers. Conclusion The adriamycin nephrosis model was successfully developed by injecting adriamycin 4 mg/kg into tail-vein twice every two weeks. The acute model is similar to human minimal change disease,and the chronic model is similar to human focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Objective To evalute the effect of Ilizarov technique in the treatment of hypertrophic nonunion.Methods Form June 2008 to December 2010,12 patients with hypertrophic nonunion were treated with Ilizarov technique,including 10 males and 2 females with an average age of 46.5 years.The pathology sites of nonunion were kept as closed as possible without any bone graft during operation.As to patients who had ever been treated with plate or intramedullary nail,the hardware should be removed by minimal invasive approach.These procedures aimed to keep the vascularity of nonunion site intact.Ilizarov apparatus were preoperatively constructed.Distal segment and proximal segment of nonunion were mounted respectively with two external circle using the smooth wires and half pins.The two-circle stabilizing one segment was nominated with transosseous modules.Distal module and proximal one was connected with a pair of axial hinges.The pathology sites were gradually distracted from the seventh day postoperatively,0.25 mm/d.Accompanying with deformity correction,limb length discrepancy (LLD) also were restored simultaneously.Then,all the screws and nuts in the apparatus should be tightened,which was favourable to the callus consolidation.Results All 12 cases of nonunion healed without any bone graft.The fixator wearing time lasted 6-12 months,with an average of 8 months.Correction of deformity and LLD were achieved.The average lengthening was 3.0 cm (range,2.0-5.5 cm),the average correction angle was 23° (range,10°-30°).After 6-18 months follow-up,all the patients restored satisfactory function.Conclusion Hypertrophic nonunion can be treated successfully with Ilizarov technique.The key of successful callus distraction is strictly identifying the indications.

Objective To explore the relationship of alcoholism between osteoporosis or femoral head necrosis.Methods In this case-control study,we selected 95 eligible patients with femoral head necrosis and another 67 cases of osteoporosis as case group,together with 342 patients of fractures from the Second Hospital affiliated to Shanxi Medical College,from February to December 2010,as the control group.Questionnaire was used to collect general information of the patients.Through comparative analysis,related factors of femoral head,osteoporosis were defined.18 patients with alcoholic femoral head necrosis,11 patients with alcoholic osteoporosis and 20 patients with fractures were selected from the above said three groups and going through the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) as well as the Alcohol Use Disorders Scale (ADS).Using SPSS 13.0 conducted one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance),chi-square test,categorical logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results Results from logistic regression analysis showed that the adjusted odds ratio of those subjects who liked drinking alcohol had an incidence of femoral head necrosis or osteoporosis as 7.70 (95％ CI:1.84,32.30) and 8.44 (95％ CI:1.70,41.90),respectively.The risks of using hormone for treating femoral head necrosis or osteoporosis were 78.43 (95％CI:11.20,149.05) and 22.75 (95％CI:2.59,100.27) times than those without.Data from the AUDIT showed that:over-dose of alcohol drinking habit existed 100％ in the femoral head necrosis group while 54.45％ in the osteoporosis group,while 75 percent patients in the fractures group had normal alcohol drinking habit.Statistically significant differences appeared in the three groups (P＜0.01).Results from the ADS showed that there were statistically significant differences between the ADS scores of the three groups (F=3.68,P=0.03).Conclusion Alcohol intake did seem to be highly correlated with the incidence rates of femoral head necrosis or osteoporosis.Alcohol-related necrosis could be viewed as alcohol-dependent diseases while alcohol-related and osteoporosis could partially be recognized as alcohol-dependent disease.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of reducing CT scanning dose in the process of 125I radioactive seed implantation.Methods GEMS phantom and 062 M phantom were scanned using GE Lightspeed RT large hole CT with 120 kV,100 kV and 80 kV separately,and 150-10 mA (20 mA decreased progressively).The scanning dose,CT value and noise of the region of interest were recorded and the image quality was evaluated.Image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) values were calculated.Results With the decreasing of tube voltage and current,the SNR values were reduced accorgingly.The values had significant difference with those of standard images except the images acquired with 120 kV,150-70 mA and 100 kV,150-90 mA (t =-9.294-3.717,P ＜0.05).With the decreasing of the tube voltage and current,the CNR decreased significantly.The image quality was too low to evaluate while CNR lower than 2.The high contrast resolution of the CT images were not affected obviously with the tube voltage and current lowering.Conclusions In the process of 125I radioactive seed implantation,it is feasible to choose lower tube voltage and tube current(100 kV,70 mA) to scan the same area repeatedly except for the first scan with standard chest scanning parameters.The patient radiation dose has fallen dramatically.

BACKGROUNDGastric varices (GV) are life-threatening for patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic injection with butyl cyanoacrylate (BC), the mainstay of the therapy for GV, has been reported to be effective for hemostasis of bleeding varices, but its efficacy in the obliteration of GV and impact on the survival of patients still needs clarification. Here we summarized our experience of 10 years' practice to evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic therapy using BC for GV patients.

METHODSFrom January 1997 to April 2006, GV cases treated with endoscopic injection using BC were collected. The "sandwich method" and the "modified sandwich method" were used to inject BC intravascularly. Retrograde analysis was made on the data of treatment and follow-up.

RESULTSA total of 635 GV cases treated with endoscopic injection using BC were collected, most of them (90.2%) suffered from post-hepatitis cirrhosis. Emergency hemostasis was achieved in 139 out of 146 sessions (95.2%). Complications occurred in 32 cases (5.2%), including hemorrhage due to early expulsion of tissue glue (3.1%), septicemia (1%) and ectopic thrombosis (0.5%), such as spleen infarction. Endoscopic follow-up in 503 patients showed complete disappearance (76.9%), collapse (17.3%) or remnants (5.8%) of gastric varices. A total of 550 patients were followed up clinically for 3 to 115 months. Of these patients, 44 had recurrent bleeding (8.0%) and 44 died from hepatic failure, recurrent bleeding, hepatic carcinoma or other causes. The longest survival was 115 months, with a median survival of 25 months. Survival rates at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 year were 95%, 92%, 90%, 83% and 81%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSEndoscopic sclerotherapy with BC is effective for the hemostasis of bleeding GV, as well as obliteration of GV which contributes to less rebleeding and better survival. The modified sandwich method may be useful to minimize ectopic embolism, which we speculated to result from excess iodized oil.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Enbucrilate ; therapeutic use ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; methods ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; mortality ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sclerotherapy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Tissue Adhesives ; therapeutic use

Tumor rapid growth depends on neovascularization. Vascular endothelial growth factor, the main mediator during the occurrence and formation of vascularization, has specific receptors whose expression rate shows difference of orders of magnitude between tumor and the normal tissue, so it can be used to transport toxin molecules to the proliferative tumor endothelial and kill cancer cells. In our experiment, we constructed fusion protein DT-VEGF by linking diphtheria toxin's forward 389 amino acids's gene and VEGF165 via a linker. DT-VEGF is expressed in E. coli and purified. Our experiment proves in can kill vascular endothelial cells specifically, and the inhibition of neovascularization of chicken chorionic membrane is also confirmed.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; biosynthesis ; Diphtheria Toxin ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Immunotoxins ; genetics ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors ; biosynthesis ; genetics

The peroxisomal matrix proteins involved in many important biological metabolism pathways in eukaryotic cells are encoded by nucleal genes, synthesized in the cytoplasm and then transported into the organelles. Targeting and import of these proteins depend on their two peroxisomal targeting signals (PTS1 and PTS2) in sequence as we have known so far. The vectors of the fluorescent fusions with PTS, i.e., green fluorescence protein (GFP)-PTS1, GFP-PTS2 and red fluorescence protein (RFP)-PTS1, were constructed and introduced into Magnaporthe oryzae Guy11 cells. Transformants containing these fusions emitted fluorescence in a punctate pattern, and the locations of the red and green fluorescence overlapped exactly in RFP-PTS1 and GFP-PTS2 co-transformed strains. These data indicated that both PTS1 and PTS2 fusions were imported into peroxisomes. A probable higher efficiency of PTS1 machinery was revealed by comparing the fluorescence backgrounds in GFP-PTS1 and GFP-PTS2 transformants. By introducing both RFP-PTS1 and GFP-PTS2 into Deltamgpex6 mutants, the involvement of MGPEX6 gene in both PTS1 and PTS2 pathways was proved. In addition, using these transformants, the inducement of peroxisomes and the dynamic of peroxisomal number during the pre-penetration processes were investigated as well. In summary, by the localization and co-localization of PTS1 and PTS2, we provided a useful tool to evaluate the biological roles of the peroxisomes and the related genes.
Base Sequence ; DNA Primers ; genetics ; DNA, Fungal ; genetics ; Fungal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genes, Fungal ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Luminescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Magnaporthe ; genetics ; metabolism ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Mutation ; Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor ; Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor ; Peroxisomes ; metabolism ; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transformation, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo describe the epidemiological characteristics and related factors of SARS in Shanxi in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS).

METHODSData on clinically-diagnosed SARS cases reported to Shanxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention through SARS reporting system of Shanxi province and epidemiological reports were collected from early March to 20 May, 2003. The characteristics of SARS distribution in time, place and population in Shanxi were described. The epidemiological characteristics and related influential factors were analyzed with EPI info 6.0 software.

RESULTSSince the first imported SARS case was diagnosed clinically on 7 March and till 20 May in Shanxi province, the number of cumulative clinically-diagnosed SARS cases were 445 with an attack rate of 1.34/10,000. 20 deaths occurred in that period with the mortality rate 4.49%. The number of cases increased from 28 March and formed the first peak. However, the number continued to increase until 18 April to have formed the second peak. Since then, the number of cases has gradually decreased gradually. Since 19 May, there has been no clinically-diagnosed cases being reported. SARS cases were mostly seen in urban areas of the city (83.82% of the total SARS cases) with sporadic cases found in rural areas. Students and medical staff and people from 20 - 59 years of age occupied the large part of the cases. Age specific mortality rate increased with age and the male/female ratio was 1:0.87.

CONCLUSIONIn Shanxi province, the SARS epidemic seemed to have had the following stages: importation of the first case, gradual increase of the number of cases to reach the peak and decreasing. Case identification at early stage as well as taking measures to decrease the chance of transmission were strategically crucial for controlling the spread of SARS virus in the community.

China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupations ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; mortality

Objective: To explore the application value of bispectral index(BIS) , specific protein 100β(S100β) combined with Copeptinin patients with acute severe carbon monoxide poisoning (ASCMP). Methods: A total of 256 patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning admitted to Hengshui People's Hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were collected, and they were divided into 30 mild cases, 40 moderate cases and 186 severe cases according to the degree of poisoning. Among them, patients with severe carbon monoxide poisoning were divided into a poor prognosis group (20 cases) and a good prognosis group (166 cases) according to whether adverse events occurred. The changes of creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) , N-terminal precursor B-type brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) , BIS, S100β, and Copeptin in poisoned patients were measured. Logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to evaluate the significance of relevant indicators for ASCMP patients. Results: Compared with the mild-to-moderate group, CK-MB, NT-proBNP, S100β, Copeptin increased, and BIS value decreased in the severe group (P< 0.05). 24 hours after admission, compared with the good prognosis group, CK-MB, NT-proBNP, S100β, Copeptin in the poor prognosis group increased, and the BIS value decreased (P<0.05). In the poor prognosis group, CK-MB, NT-proBNP, S100β, and Copeptin at 72 hours after admission were all lower than those at 24 hours after admission, and the BIS value was higher than that at 24 hours after admission (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that ASCMP patients with increased S100β, Copeptin, and decreased BIS values had an increased risk of adverse events (P<0.05). The ROC curve showed that the area under the curve of the combined detection of BIS, S100β and Copeptin was 0.859, which had a great predictive value for the prognosis of ASCMP patients. Conclusion: BIS, S100β combined with Copeptin detection is of great value for early assessment of ASCMP disease and prognosis prediction.
Biomarkers ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ; Creatine Kinase, MB Form ; Humans ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Peptide Fragments ; Prognosis ; ROC Curve ; S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical significance of P53, C-MYC and BCL-6 abnormality in the patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL).

METHODSFrom July 2011 to January 2013, 80 patients with DLBCL were admitted in our hospital and were chosen as study objects, their clinical data were collected. The abnormality of P53, C-MYC and BCL-6 was examined by using I-FISH for all the patients. The correlation of abnormality of P53, C-MYC and BCL-6 with clinical staging, curative efficacy and prognosis of the patients were analyzed.

RESULTSOut of 80 patients 27 patients (33.75%) had P53 deletion, 24 patients (30.00%) had C-MYC rearrangement/amplification, and 46 patients (57.50%) had BCL-6 rearrangement. The P53 deletion, C-MYC rearrangement/amplification and BCL-6 rearrangement significantly correlated with staging, curative effect and prognosis of the patients (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe curative efficacy and prognosis of the DLBCL patients with abnormality of P53, C-MYC and BCL-6 have been confirmed to be unsatisfactory.

DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; diagnosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism