Objective: To explore the dual relationships and associated factors among Chinese counselors and psychotherapists.Methods: 1000 participants were investigated by a self-made questionnaire composed of ethical problems in psychotherapy and counseling.Results: The main dual relationships between counselors/psychotherapists and clients were the association of friends.Thirty-two percent of participants provided counseling or psychotherapy to their friends.To the item of "providing counseling or psychotherapy for their friends,students,supervisee,employees",the judges of ethical beliefs of participants were inconsistent,and forty-one percent of them thought that such behaviors were ethical.These items were the main associated factors,such as gender,the duration time of professional experience,the title of a technical post,the different experience of training,prescription,and medicine.Conclusion: The present state of nonsexual dual relationships between counselors/psychotherapists and clients are not rare,and the ethical beliefs of some participants in dual relationships were blurring.It is necessary to intensify the professional education,unify the ethical code,and accept the help of psychotherapy and supervision,in order to improve the current states of Chinese counselors and psychotherapists.

AIM:To study the clinical effect of silica gel drainage tube combined with lomefloxacin hydrochloride eye ophthalmic gel in the treatment of lacrimal duct obstruction.METHODS:Totally 86 cases (138 eyes) of lacrimal duct embolism treated in our hospital from February to December 2015 were divided into 43 cases (68 eyes) as control group and 43 cases (70 eyes) of the observation group according to whether they were treated with lomefloxacin hydrochloride eye ophthalmic gel.Patients in the control group were treated with silica gel drainage, while the observation group was treated with lomefloxacin hydrochloride eye ophthalmic gel on the basis of the control group.The total effective rate, serum hypersensitivity C-reactive protein (h-CRP) level, complications and recurrence rate were observed and compared between the two groups.RESULTS:The total effective rate in the patients with obstructive nasolacrimal duct, common lacrimal duct obstruction, and lacrimal duct obstruction in observation group were 95.2%, 100.0%, 96.7%, higher than those in control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the two groups in preoperative serum h-CRP levels (P>0.05).The serum levels of h-CRP in patients in the observation group at 3d and 7d after operation respectively were 2.40±0.84g/mL, 1.94±0.84g/mL, lower than those of control group at the same time (P<0.05).The complication rate of the observation group was 1.4%, which was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).Follow up for 6-18mo, the recurrence rate was 11.4% in the observation group, which was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The combination of silica gel drainage tube and lomefloxacin hydrochloride eye ophthalmic gel in the treatment of obstruction of lacrimal duct has good clinical efficacy, low inflammatory reaction, low complication rate and low recurrence rate.

Animals ; Astragalus membranaceus ; chemistry ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Carcinoma, Lewis Lung ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Injections ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Objective:To compare the steam distillation( SD) and supercritical CO2 ( SFE-CO2 ) method in the extraction of vola-tile constituents from such 3 traditional Chinese drugs as cnidium monnieri, radix sileris and atractylodes lancea in compound Kuhuang prescription. Methods:Essential oil was extracted from the 3 traditional Chinese drugs by SD and SFE-CO2 method, respectively. The components were identified by GC-MS, and their relative contents were calculated with peak area normalization method. Results:To-tally 36 components were isolated and identified using SD extraction and 31 components were identified using SFE-CO2 extraction, a-mong them, 22 components were the same and their relative molecular weight mainly concentrated within 200-230. Conclusion: SFE-CO2 method can extract effective components from the 3 traditional Chinese drugs in compound Kuhuang prescription with higher selec-tivity, which is the more suitable extraction method for essential oil from the prescription.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of estrogen receptor(ER)and progesterone receptor(PR)in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICCA)and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ECCA)comparatively.MethodsThe expression of ER and PR was detected in 24 specimens of ICCA and 34specimens of ECCA by immunohistochemistry assay.ResultsThe positive rates for ER and PR expression were 29 ％(7/24)and 46 ％(11/24)in ICCA specimens,respectively.3 cases among 9 cases of high histological grade,3 cases among 11 cases of middle histological grade and 1 case among 4 cases of low histological grade expressed ER positively,while 2 cases,7 cases and 2 cases expressed PR positively,respectively.The expression of ER and PR expressions showed no statistically significant differences between different histological grades of ICCA.ER and PR were all negative in 34 specimens of ECCA.Conclusion ER and PR show significant different expression between ICCA and ECCA,with exclusive positive expression in ICCA.ER and PR might be involved in the pathogeuesis of ICCA.

Background: Iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) is an important cause of deep vein thrombosis, but the incidence of IVCS is still unclear. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the incidence of IVCS in an asymptomatic patient population and to evaluate the risk factors in patients with and without IVCS. Methods: From October 2011 to November 2012, a total of 500 patients (228 women and 272 men; mean age of 55.4 ± 14.7 years) with no vascular?related symptoms were enrolled in this study. Computed tomography was performed to evaluate all patients. The degree of venous compression was calculated as the diameter of the common iliac vein at the site of maximal compression divided by the mean diameter of the uncompressed proximal and caudal left common iliac vein (LCIV). We compared the stenosis rate of the common iliac vein in women and men according to age and followed up patients to evaluate outcomes. Results: The mean compression degree of the LCIV was 16% (4%, 36%); 37.8% of patients had a compression degree ≥25% and 9.8% had a compression degree ≥50%. There was a significant difference between men and women in the LCIV compression degree (9% [3%, 30%] vs. 24% [8%, 42%]; U = 4.66, P < 0.01). In addition, the LCIV compression degree among younger women (≤40 years) was significantly different compared with that in older women (>40 years) (42% [31%, 50%] vs. 19% [5%, 39%]; U = 5.14, P < 0.001). Follow?up was completed in 367 patients with a mean follow?up of 39.5 months (range, 6–56 months). The incidence of IVCS in the follow?up period was 1.6%. Stenosis rate and the diameter of the site of maximal compression correlated with the incidence of IVCS. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that the stenosis rate was an independent risk factor of IVCS (Wald χ2 = 8.84, hazard ratio = 1.13, P < 0.001). Conclusions: The incidence of IVCS was low and correlated with the stenosis rate of iliac vein. Preventative therapy may be warranted for common iliac vein compression in patients at an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, especially patients with a higher iliac vein compression degree.

BACKGROUND: Recent study showed that osteocalcin may elevate Insulin secretion and sensitivity, prevent the fat accumulation, play a role in the metablism of glucose and lipid. Undercarboxylated osteocalcin works as the main role. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different concentrations of glucose on osteoblast undercarboxylated osteocalcin. METHODS: The rib trabeculae were resected and broken, trypsinizated and washed completely by PBS. Bone surface and non-adhesive floating cells in cleaning fluid were observed with inverted microscope. Rib trabeculae was washed by DMEM culture medium once, and cultured in culture bottle. The culture liquid was replaced by new one once a week. The osteoblast was moved from the scledte a week later. The cells were fused monolayer and could be subcultured 4 to 6 weeks later. The active second or third generation cells were inoculated to 6-pore plate forming 5 groups. Osteoblast were stimulated by 5.6 mmol/L., 7.6 mmol/L, 9.6 mmol/L, 12.6 mmol/L, 20.6 mmol/L glucose medium respectively after the 80% cells were fused, the vitamin K_2 was added into the culture liquid until the concentration of it to be 10~(-5) mol/L. Supernatant was collected after half hour culturing, the undercarboxylated osteocalcin level were detected with RIA test kit, and corrected it as the total the undercarboxylated osteccalcin, calculated the carboxylated incomplete osteocalcin rate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The rate of ostecblast carboxylated incomplete osteocalcin was different under different concentration glucose. The rate of 7.6 mmol/L, 9.6 mmol/L, 20.6 mmol/L concentration glucose groups were higher than that of 5.6 mmol/L glucose group [(0.27±0.02)%, (0.29±0.04)%, (0.12±0.02)%, P < 0.05]. It is indicated that osteoblast could sense the change of glucose concentration by regulating the secretion of the undercarboxylated osteocalcin between the concentration of 5.6mmol/L to 9.6mmol/L, while the carboxylated incomplete osteocalcin decreased as the concentration of glucose increased.

OBJECTIVETo study the relationship between cartilage end-plate calcification (CEC) and cervical intervertebral discs regression (CIDR) in rabbits, and to study the inhibitory effect of combined therapy of Kanggu Zengsheng Capsule (KZC) ansforming growth factor-apsule (TGF-PLC) and igene therapy (GT) on CEC by measuring the thickness of CEC layer.

METHODSThirty-five New Zeland rabbits of 4 months old were selected to establish cervical dynamic imbalance rabbit model for inducing CIDR (No disposal was given to rabbits in the normal control group). Seven months after operation, combined therapy of KZC and PLC were given, in doses calculated by body weight, to the modeled rabbits in the drug treated group with CEC of either superficial layer or full layer, twice a dantly by gavage for 30 successive days. While to those in the gene therapy group, the recombinant plasmid DNA with transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) was injected once their intervertebral discs (ID) of C(2-3) C(3-4) and C(4-5), 20 microl for each injection. One month later, all rabbits were sacrificed with periotic venous gas embolic method and their ID of C(4-5) (including partial body of the upper and lower vertebrae) was resected. The degree of CIDR was evaluated morphologically, and the thickness of CEC in rabbits was measured and compared between groups.

RESULTSThickness of CEC in the model group, either of superficial layer or of full layer, was significantly more than that in the normal control group with significant difference. Both combined KZC and PLC therapy and gene therapy showed significant inhibitory effects on CEC in treating CIDR (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCEC is the initial factor of CIDR with highly positive correlation. Both combined therapy of KZC and PLC and gene therapy can significantly inhibit CEC.

Animals ; Calcinosis ; complications ; pathology ; Cartilage ; pathology ; Cervical Vertebrae ; pathology ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Genetic Therapy ; Intervertebral Disc ; pathology ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Spinal Diseases ; complications ; pathology ; therapy

BACKGROUND: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury directly impacts the individual's lower limb function. It is very important for althelets whether rehabilitation training after ACL reconstruction is reasonable, effective and can restore the normal function of the knee joint.OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of rehabilitation training on graft healing and knee joint function recovery after ACL reconstruction. METHODS: An elite rugby player was enrolled and subjected to phased rehabilitation training after ACL reconstruction. MRI examination was done before and after rehabilitation training. Then, the following indicators were tested, including joint flexion of knee, leg circumference degrees, isokinetic muscle strength of the lower limb, feedback test, the test of YBT, the Balance Error Scoring System, feedforward test, static balance test on one foot, dynamic balance test on the feet, Lysholm knee score, anaerobic work of the upper extremity, torso strength, to analyze the graft healing, body shape, the knee joint function and physical quality improvement after ACL reconstruction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 10 months of phased rehabilitation training, the graft healed well; the knee flexion degree was back to normal; knee joint swelling basically eliminated; the muscle strength of the extensor flexor of the knee joint was back to over 95% of the normal level; the function of the injured knee joint was good and returned to a higher level; the Lysholm knee score was 85 points; the anaerobic work of the upper limbs and trunk strength reached to 120% of the normal level; and the quality of the body was greatly improved. To conclude, a great improvement in graft healing, knee joint function, recovery of muscle strength and physical qualities has been achieved in athletes who receive rehabilitation training after ACL reconstruction.

Objective To study the effect of antiapoptosis factors PED/PEA-15 and XIAP on prostate cancer cells(PC-3)apoptosis.Methods The expressions of XIAP and PED/PEA-15 in prostate cancer cells(PC-3)were respectively assayed using the RT-PCR technique.XIAP and PED/ PEA-15 specific siRNA vectors were designed and constructed and then were transiently cotransfected into PC-3 cells under induction of liposome.The effects of siRNA vectors on PED/PEA-15 and XIAP transcription were assayed by RT-PCR technique,and the effect of XIAP and PED/PEA-15 on cancer cell apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry and microscope observation.Results PED/PEA- 15 and XIAP were both highly expressed in PC-3 cells.Enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing confirmed that the PED/PEA-15 and XIAP-specific siRNA expression vectors were constructed successfully.The designed siRNA sequences of PED/PEA-15 and XIAP could specifically inhibit their transcription.The PC-3 cells which were cotransfected with PED/PEA-15 and XIAP- specific siRNA vectors were more sensitive to doxorubicin.The apoptosis rate of cotransfected cells was significantly increased.Conclusions PED/PEA-15 and XIAP might be involved in the development of prostate cancer.