Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Fingers ; Giant Cell Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Mucin-1 ; metabolism ; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Neurilemmoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Sclerosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Tendons ; Young Adult

Source identification of human biological materials in crime scene plays an important role in reconstructing the crime process. Searching specific genetic markers to identify the source of different human biological materials is the emphasis and difficulty of the research work of legal medical experts in recent years. This paper reviews the genetic markers which are used for identifying the source of human biological materials and studied widely, such as DNA methylation, mRNA, microRNA, microflora and protein, etc. By comparing the principles and methods of source identification of human biological materials using different kinds of genetic markers, different source of human biological material owns suitable marker types and can be identified by detecting single genetic marker or combined multiple genetic markers. Though there is no uniform standard and method for identifying the source of human biological materials in forensic laboratories at present, the research and development of a series of mature and reliable methods for distinguishing different human biological materials play the role as forensic evi-dence which will be the future development direction.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.24.008

Chlamydial infection in human urogenital tract induces inflammation and causes tissue damage and scarring. It is thought that cytokine production by the Chlamydia-infected cells plays a key role in chlamydial disease processes. Although many cytokines have been detected during chlamydial infection, little is known about the molecular mechanisms on how Chlamydia triggers and sustains the inflammatory cytokine cascades. In the current study, chlamydial infection of the human cervical epithelial cell line HeLa cells can induce the production of IL-8, IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-6. Using inhibitors for probing intracellular kinase signaling pathways required for the Chlamydia-induced cytokines, it was found that the Chlamydia-activated MAPK / P38 pathway is required for the chlamydial induction of IL-1α and IL-6 while both the Chlamydia-activated MAPK/ERK and MAPK/P38 pathways contribute to the production of IL-8.

This paper briefly analyzed and discussed the current status and major scientific challenges of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulaology research. To promote formulaology research, a new strategy and corresponding technology, network formulaology, were proposed to reveal the complex interaction between functional chemome and biological responses network. The research framework and directions of network formulaology were also summarized and prospected.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Internet ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards

Objective To evaluate the biomechanical effects of using a new injectable calcium phosphate cement to consolidate the fixation of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture.Method Five matchod pairs of human cadaver femora were used to produce the model of intertrochanteric fracture.All fractures were fixed with dynamic hip screws(DHS),and divided into two groups.In the CPC consolidation group of each pair,CPC was used to grout the hip screw and to fill the posteromedial defect.All femora were subjected to biomechanical test.Results Under the loading of 500 N,in the CPC consolidation group,the mean axial stiffness is(691.93±18.90)N/mm and the horizontal shear stiffness is(5553.84±27.47)N/mm.The mean lateral and medial strength is(5.15±0.35)MPa and(4.13±0.24)MPa.The torsion stiffness was 0.41 and the ultimate loading is(3580±286)N.In the control group,the mean axiak stiffness is(453.45±19.75)N/mm,the horizontal shear stiffness is(3848.87±22.63)N/mm,the mean lateral and medial strength is(3.12±0.37)MPa and(1.80±0.21)MPa,and,the torsion stiffness is 0.35 and the ultimate loading is(2512±189)N.Consolidation fixation with CPC increased each of the biomechanical efficiency(P＜0.05).Conclusions CPC consolidation of osteoprotic femoral head and the medial defect of intertrochanteric fracture can significantly improve the overall stability and decrease the rate of postoperative complication.

Objective:To determine whether chewing gum during the postoperative period facilitates the recovery of bowel function in patients after radical cystectomy with ileum urinary diversion.Methods:In the study,60 patients who underwent radical cystectomy followed by ileum urinary diversions during Nov.2014 and Nov.2015 in Department of Urology of Peking University First Hospital were randomized into three groups:gum chewing group,placebo group treated with the abdomen physical therapy machine and control group treated with ordinary method.Time to flatus,time to bowel movement,incidence of postoperative distension of the abdomen and abdominal pain,and gut related complications (such as ileus,intestinal fistula,and volrulus)of all the patients were recorded and analysed.Results:In gum chewing group,the median time to flatus was 57 hours (49 -72 hours),and the median time to bowel movement was 95 hours (88 -109 hours),which were significantly shortened compared with the other two groups of patients (82 hours,109 hours in placebo group and 81 hours,108 hours in control group, respectively).No significant difference of the median time to flatus and to bowel movement was observed between placebo group and control group.There were no significant differences in the incidence of post-operative distension of the abdomen and abdominal pain,and gut related complications among the three groups.Conclusion:Chewing gum had stimulatory effect on bowel function recovery after cystectomy fol-lowed by ileum urinary diversion.Chewing gum was safe and simple,and could be routinely used for postoperative treatment after cystectomy and ileum urinary diversion.

Objective To summarize the preliminary experience and early -stage follow -up results of simple transesophageal echocardiography(TEE)to guide right jugular internal vein for closure of atrial septal defect (ASD), and to investigate its feasibility.Methods A total of 24 ASD patients(12 male,12 female)treated by transcatheter ASD closure under solely guidance of TEE were summarized in Children Heart Center,People′s Hospital of Zhengzhou University from February 2015 to February 2016.Mean age,body weight and average diameter of the 24 cases of ASD were 5 -18 (12.4 ±5.6)years old,16 -60 (34.1 ±9.6)kg,5 -20 (11.0 ±2.5)mm,respectively.All patients were treated by right jugular internal vein transcatheter closure under solely guidance of TEE.The efficiency of imme-diate post -operation under TEE was estimated,and follow -ups were done at 24 hours,1 month,3,6 and 12 months after the procedures by transthoracic echocardiography,X -ray examination and electrocardiogram.Results A total of 23 patients were treated successfully under solely guidance of TEE.The diameter of devices was (14.5 ±3.6)mm.The procedural time was(20.5 ±7.2)min.One patient who had 2 ASD was treated by traditional thoracic surgery,because the small ASD had 5 mm residual shunt after the procedures.There were 3 cases with trivial residual shunt after the pro-cedures immediately.All patients could move at once after operation.The average follow -up time was(5.6 ±1.2) months.No patients suffered from residual shunt,occluder malposition,peripheral vascular injury,pericardial effusion or cardiac perforation during the follow -up.Conclusions For some selected patients,simple TEE guiding right jugular in-ternal vein for closure of ASD is applicable.The method not only prevents injury from radiation,but also shortens the in -bed time and avoid the lower limbs braking,with good early -stage follow -up results are desirable.

Aim To determine whether AngⅡin para-ventricular nucleus (PVN)was involved in the chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH ) induced-hypertension in rats.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were ran-domly divided into Sham and CIH groups,the Sham rats were exposed to continuous normoxia,while the CIH rats were submitted to CIH (8 h per day for 15 days).The conscious noninvasive method with tail cuff was performed in rats to record the systolic blood pres-sure during establishing the model of CIH induced hy-pertension.Mean arterial pressure (MAP)and heart rate (HR)were recorded in vivo on a PowerLab data acquisition system after CIH.Rats were fixed on the stereotaxic instrument to conduct microinjection in the PVN.We used Western blot to measure Ang Ⅱ level and AngⅡtype 1 receptor (AT1 R)protein expression in PVN.Results The level of PVN Ang Ⅱin CIH rats was significantly higher than that in Sham rats,a-long with increased AT1 R protein expression.Microin-jection of Ang Ⅱ(0.03,0.3,3 nmol)in bilateral PVN dose-dependently increased MAP in both CIH and Sham rats,and this response was significantly augmen-ted in CIH rats.Losartan (50 nmol),AT1 R antago-nist,had no effect on MAP in Sham rats,but caused significant MAP decreases in CIH rats,and prevented Ang Ⅱ-induced increases in MAP in both CIH and Sham rats.Conclusion The results suggest that the increased AngⅡrelease and enhanced AT1 R activation in the PVN contribute to CIH induced-hypertension in rats.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical effect of cannulated screws plus separate vertical wirings technique for acute fracture of the inferior pole of the patella.Methods From May 2012 to September 2013,14 patients with fresh closed unilateral fracture of the inferior pole of the patella were treated with the cannulated screws plus separate vertical wirings.Eight patients were injured in traffic collisions and 6 in fall accidents.Fracture AO classification was type 34A1 in 8 patients and type 34A2 in 6 patients.Time from injury to operation was 1-7 days (mean,2.5 days).Number of tie wires was determined according to the degree of fracture comminution.Fracture healing,fixed position and patellar length were evaluated by radiographic examination postoperatively.Knee mobility and Bostman evaluation system were investigated to analyze the clinical effect.Results All the patients obtained average 15-month follow-up (range,12 to 29 months).At postoperative 2 months,the fracture healed with good alignment of the broken bone and proper place of the internal fixation device noted on the X-ray films.At postoperative 6 and 12 months,X-ray films revealed fracture bony healing,good location of the wire internal fixation,and no apparent shortening of the patella.At the 12 months,range of knee motion was (126.0 ± 4.5) ° for flexion and (2.0 ± 1.7) ° for extension.Bostman functional score for patella fracture was (28.1 ± 1.9) points.And 12 patients were rated as excellent and 2 good,with excellence rate of 100％.Conclusion Cannulated screw fixation plus separate vertical wiring is effective to stabilize patella inferior pole fracture and has good results,indicating a recommended surgical method.