Bone Diseases ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Femur Head Necrosis ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Osteoporosis

Objective To improve the estimation and the percentage of electrogastrogram(EGG)slow wave rhythm with power spectrum estimation and calculation rule set.Methods Chirp Z-transformation was introduced for estimation power spectrum of EGG,which can obtain both high frequency resolution and accurate estimation of power;while the power proportion of main frequency components in each segment was used to substitute for conventional method in time domain.Results The variance of proposed method was about one-eighth of that of conventional method.Incorporating the power proportion of main frequency components,the proposed method gave better results especially for those EGG signals in which abnormal frequencies appeared frequently.Conclusion As compared with the conventional method,the proposed method is less affected by segmentation process in estimating the percentage of EGG slow wave rhythm,which may promote future clinical applications.

Objective To evaluate the effects of acitretin combined with clarithromycin on tumor growth in human oral epidermoid carcinoma xenografts in nude mice,and to investigate their antitumor mechanisms.Methods A cell line of human oral epidermoid carcinoma was subcutaneously inoculated into 31 Balb/c nude mice to establish a xenograft model of human skin tumor.Then,the nude mice were randomly classified into 6 groups according to a double blind protocol:control group (n =6) remaining untreated,placebo group (n =5) treated with wheat flour,acitretin group (n =5) treated with acitretin 7.2 mg/kg per day,clarithromycin group (n =5) treated with clarithromycin 100 mg/kg per day,acitretin + placebo group (n =5) treated with both acitretin (7.2 mg/kg per day) and wheat flour,and acitretin + clarithromycin group (n =5) treated with acitretin (7.2 mg/kg per day) and clarithromycin 100 mg/kg per day.All the drugs were intragastrically administrated once daily.After three weeks of treatment,mice were sacrificed and xenografts were removed.Then,the size and weight of xenografts were measured,and pathological analysis was conducted.Real time-PCR was performed to quantify the mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB,and immunohistochemistry was carried out to observe the expression of VEGF as well as to determine microvessel density (MVD) and Ki-67 proliferation index.By using the software SPSS 19.0,analysis of variance was performed for comparison of measurement data,and least significant difference (LSD) test for paired comparisons.Results Both the size and weight of xenografts in the acitretin + clarithromycin group were significantly lower than those in the other groups (all P ＜ 0.05).Real-time fluorescence-based PCR revealed weaker mRNA expressions of VEGF and NF-κB in the acitretin + clarithromycin group compared with the control group,clarithromycin group and acitretin group (all P ＜ 0.05).As immunohistochemistry showed,the acitretin + clarithromycin group displayed a decrease in the expression rate (all P ＜ 0.01) and staining intensity of VEGF,MVD (all P ＜ 0.01) with a sparse distribution of microvessels,Ki-67 proliferation index (all P ＜ 0.05) and proliferative activity of tumor cells compared with the control group,clarithromycin group and acitretin group.Conclusion Acitretin combined with clarithromycin can synergistically inhibit the growth of human oral epidermoid carcinoma xenografts in nude mice,downregulate VEGF expression,and suppress angiogenesis and tumor proliferation.

To evaluate the influence of phacoemulsification on corneal endothelium of senile cataract with lupus nephritis (LN).
●METHODS:This clinical trial involved 40 cataract patients with lupus nephritis (40 eyes), and 50 cases (50 eyes) without lupus nephritis. All of them underwent phacoemulsification+lOL implantation. The parameters of corneal endothelial cell including central corneal endothelium cell density ( CED ), average area of endothelial cell ( AVE) and coefficient of variation ( CV) were recorded by corneal endothelial microscope pre -operation and at one month after operation. The data were analyzed by SPSS 13. 0 statistical software.
● RESULTS: Both LN group and control group, the morphology of coneal endothelial was statistical significant differences between pre - operation and 1mo postoperation. The CED was lower, AVE and CV were higher ( P < 0. 05, respectively). A significant decrease in CED was seen in the LN group than did in the control group (P < 0. 05). Compared to control group,the post -operative AVE and CV in LN group was significantly increased (P<0. 05).
● CONCLUSlON: The corneal endothelial cell in lupus nephritis patients is more fragile. Safe and reliable operation should be selected for these patients.

Objective To identify the therapeutic effect and safety of mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope for the treatment of staghorn stone.Methods The clinical data of 116 patients with staghorn calculi who underwent mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 116 patients,63 cases were men,53 cases were women .Age ranged from 2 5 to 6 7 years .The diameter ofcalculi ranged from 4 6 to 9 8 (mean =4 6 )mm .There were 63 large complete staghorn renal calculi in these patients.Results All procedures were performed successfully using a single lithotripsy tract.The mean surgical time was (125.4 ±30.0)minutes.The initial stone -free rate was 81.03%(94 /116).Twenty -two cases had several residual calculi from 12 to 25mm.Post -procedure complications included hemorrhage in 9 patients,fever(>38.5 ℃)in four patients,and reactive pleural effusion in one patient. Blood loss requiring transfusion,sepsis,adjacent organ injury and kidney loss were not observed.Conclusion Mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope has good therapeutic effect in treating renal staghorn calculi,since the technique in treating the renal staghorn calculi makes the operation period shorter,the rate of stone -free higher,the operation wounds smaller,the rate of complication lower,the rate of surrounding organ injury less.

Objective:To investigate the changes of Th cell differentiation in the VMC and interference effect of Qingxin capsule on them.Methods:BALB/c mouses with different courses of VMC were established, after treated with Qingxin capsule, the cardiac pathological changes were observed by light microscope and transmisson electron microscope,levels of IL-2,IL-4,IL-10 and IFN-? in blood serum were detected by ELISA.Results: Whatever in acute stage or recovery stage of VMC, the myocard pathological changes of mouses were lighter after treated with Qingxin capsule;moreover, levels of IFN-? and IL-2 in blood serum of mouses with VMC decreased significantly(P0.05).Conclusion:Qingxin capsule can restore the balance of Th1 and Th2 cells through inhibiting reaction of Th1 and enhancing reaction of Th2.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect and safety of postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia with dezocine plus ropivacaine in patients underwent hysterectomy.Methods60 patients,ASA Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ,undergoing hysterectomy operation.were randomly divided into two groups.0.225％ ropivacaine with 0.005％ dezocine ( DR group) or 0.225 ％ ropivacaine with 0.003％ morphine (MR group) were given epidurally after surgery,respectively,with an initial loading dose 5m l,basal dose of 2ml/h,PCA dose of 0.5ml and lockout time of 15 min.Visual analogue score(VAS),Bruggemann comfort scale(BCS),Ramsay sedation score(RSS),PCEA effective compression of the times and adverse effects were determined and compared at 1 h,4h,8h,12h,24h 36h and 48h after operation.PCEA effective compression of the number and incidence of adverse reactions were observed.ResultsThere were no significant differences in VAS,BCS,RSS and PCEA effective compression of the times between two groups( all P ＞ 0.05 ).The percentage of nausea,vomiting and pruritus were significantly lower in group DR than that in group MR( all P ＜0.05).ConclusionPatient-controlled epidural analgesia with dezocine plus ropivacaine in patients underwent hysterectomy had analgesic effect and safety,with less advers eeffects.

Objective To investigate the incidence of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS), the relationship between ARAS and cerebral artery stenosis, and the risk of ARAS in patients with brain infarction. Methods The clinical data of 1 650 brain infarction patients were analyzed, which were carried out digital subtraction angiography(DSA) of cerebral and renal artery.The incidence of ARAS was counted out, and the relationship was analyzed between the different degree and number of cerebral artery stenosis and the rate of RAS. The demographic characteristics and the common risk factors of atherosclerosis were recorded, and the risk factors of ARAS were analyzed. Results The rate of ARAS in moderate stenosis group and severe stenosis and occlusion group of cerebral artery were all significantly higher than that in mild stenosis group and no stenosis group (all P < 0.01). The rates of ARAS in severe stenosis and occlusion group were significantly significantly higher than those in moderate stenosis group (P < 0.01). The rates of ARAS in 2 branch stenosis group and ≥3 branch stenosis group were both significantly higher than those in no stenosis group and 1 branch stenosis group (P < 0.01). The rates of ARAS of ≥3 branch stenosis group were significantly higher than those in 2 branch stenosis group (P<0.05). The rate of ARAS of 1 branch stenosis group were significantly higher than those in no stenosis group (P < 0.05). Age, hypertension, moderate or more artery stenosis or occlusion, and≥2 branch stenosis was independent risk factor of ARAS. Conclusions The incidence of ARAS increasesd with the increase of the degree of cerebral artery stenosis and the number of branch involved.Older age, hypertension, moderate or more artery stenosis or occlusion, and≥2 branch stenosis is risk factor for ARAS.

Objective To investigate the operative techniques for refractory cholelithiasis. Methods The clinical data of 521 patients with refractory cholelithiasis who had been admitted to People's Hospital of Hunan Province from January 1990 to December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Results All patients received surgery. After the operation, 3 patients died of liver and kidney failure, the remaining 518 patients were cured without severe complications. The results of B ultrasound and computed tomography showed residual stones in 78 patients (15.1%). Four hundred and twenty-three patients (81.7%) were followed up for 5 months to 17 years (mean, 7.5 years), and the rate of positive effect was 90.1% (381/423). Conclusions Most of the refractory cholelithiasis can be cured radically. Individualized surgical planning, fine and standard surgical procedure are key to the treatment effect.

Background and purpose:Cancer is a common disease. Multidisciplinary approach is the best model for cancer treatment. Cancer staging is the basis for diagnosis, treatments and prediction of prognosis.The survey is to give an overview of the current application of cancer multidisciplinary approach and UICC or other international cancer staging in mainland China. We made inquiries to our Chinese oncologists’ experience of using these staging and share their comments and recommendations. For those cancers common in China, Chinese oncologists and academic societies should provide more information of staging, therapies, outcome, prognostic predictors of prognosis, etc. to make international stage systems, like UICC or AJCC, a more appropriate, accurate and acceptable guide to individual patients’ staging and treatment, to predict outcome and to facilitate clinical trials better. Methods: This survey was done from 2012 to 2013 by questionnaires. The questions were answered for 10 major cancers in China (liver cancer, esophageal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lung carcinoma, breast cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, gynecologic cancer, prostate cancer and lymphoma). Thirty-three questionnaires have been answered by national wide hospitals including provincial cancer hospitals, district cancer hospitals and departments of oncology in general hospitals. We also site visited 7 grade B hospitals. Results:Multidisciplinary approach is not widely used in the hospitals. UICC or AJCC stages have been widely used for 10 cancers, but for cancers that were uncommon in the West;while common in China (nasopharyngeal carcinoma, liver cancer) the staging proposed by Chinese society have also been used to replace UICC/AJCC. Conclusion:We suggest a wild implementation of multidisciplinary approach. For those cancers common in China Chinese oncologists and academic societies should provide more information of staging, therapies, outcome, prognostic predictors of prognosis etc. to make international stage systems, like UICC or AJCC, a more appropriate, accurate and acceptable guide to individual patients’ staging and treatments, to predict outcome and to facilitate clinical trials better.