Objective To investigate the effect of bronchodilators on dyspnea and pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD) at different degrees.Methods 50 patients with COPD from January 2014 to January 2015 in pneumology department of Tongchuan City People's Hospital were selected.According to the standard of Global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease (GOLD), the patients were divided into mild degree of 14 cases, moderate degree of 18 cases and severe degree of 18 case.The changes of Borg score of dyspnea, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and inspiratory capacity (IC) after received tiotropium bromide inhalation in each group.Results FEV1, FVC, PEF and IC values significant improved in mild, moderate and severe degree groups after received tiotropium bromide inhalation and the values of improvement rate changed significantly with degrees of disease ( P <0.05 ).The improvement rates of FEV1, FVC and IC were highest in patients at severe degree, improvement rate of PEF was highest in patients at mild degree (P<0.05).After received tiotropium bromide inhalation, the Borg score improved significantly compared with that of pre-treatment in mild, moderate and severe degree groups (P<0.05), the improvement rate of Borg score was highest in severe degree group(P<0.05).There were significantly positive correlations between Borg score and FEV1(r=0.372),FVC(r=0.296),PEF(r=0.284),IC(r=0.704)(all P<0.05).Conclusion Bronchodilator could significantly improve dyspnea and lung function in patients with COPD, and the improvement rate of FEV1, FVC and IC is highest in patients with COPD at server degree, PEF is highest at mild degree and Borg score is highest at server degree, which need the comprehensive analysis of each indicators for reversibility of airflow obstruction.

OBJECTIVEThe same person's pulmonary venous blood volume, left atrial volume and stroke volume were measured by lung CT scans and cardiac CT angiography (CTA). Then their relationships were analyzed in order to investigate the mechanism of breathing control.

METHODSAs we described before, full pulmonary vascular (-0.6mm) volume was accurately calculated by three-dimensional imaging technology from lung CT scan; left atrial volume and stroke volume of left ventricle were calculated from the CTA data. Then the relationships among them were analyzed for estimation of the lung-artery time.

RESULTSThe total volume of lung and pulmonary vascular blood was 3486 ± 783 (2156-4418) ml, and the pulmonary vascular blood volume was 141 ± 20 (105-163) ml. The estimated pulmonary venous volume was 71 ± 10 (52-81) ml. Left atrial volume at the end diastolic was 97 ± 39 (53-165) ml, Stroke volume of left ventricle was 86 ± 16 (60-106) ml. Pulmonary venous volume and the left atrial volume were double of stroke volume(1.7-2.4).

CONCLUSIONThe estimated lung-artery time was three heart beat.

Blood Volume ; Heart Atria ; Humans ; Stroke Volume

OBJECTIVEBecause the traditional loop of breathing control and regulation effect on blood circulation, there was rare study of pulmonary vein capacity. We need a noninvasive and accurate pulmonary vascular capacity measurement and analysis method.

METHODSTwelve normal volunteers were performed a total lung CT scan, image data analysis processing by computer software, the whole lungs from the apex to the base of lung with 40-50 layers by hand-cut, the connection between adjacent layers automatically by a computer simulation, the full pulmonary vascular (≥ 0.6 mm) were treated by high-accuracy three-dimensional imaging technology after removing the interference, and then calculate the whole lung and pulmonary vascular.

RESULTSThe whole lung of the 12 normal volunteers from the apex to the base of lung CT scan image layers was 530 ± 98 (range, 431-841). The total capacity of lung and pulmonary vascular blood was 3705 ± 857 (range, 2398-5383) ml, and the total volume of the pulmonary vascular blood was 125 ± 32 (range, 94-201) ml. The pulmonary vein vascular blood volume was 63 ± 16 (range, 47-100) ml.

CONCLUSIONThe method of measuring the three-dimensional imaging of pulmonary vascular capacity by analyzing lung CT scan data is available and accurate.

Computer Simulation ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Lung ; blood supply ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

0bjective To evaluate the application of whole body MR diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)in the detection of bone metastasis using skeletal scintigraphy as the referenee.Methods Fonv.two healthy volunteers and 38 patients with malignant tumors were enrolled in our studv.A11 the patients received MR examination and skeletal scintigraphy within one week.MR examination was performed on GE signa 3.0T MR scanner using a build.in body coil.The skeletal system Was divided into eight regons and the images of the whole body MR DWI and skeletal seintigraphy were reviewed to compare the two modalities patient by patient and region by region.The images were reviewed separately by two radiologists and two nuclear medicine physicians,who were blinded to the results of another imaging modality.Results A total of 169 metastatic lesions in 69 regions of 30 patients were detected by whole body MR DWI while 156 lesions in 68 regions of 29 patients were identified by skeletal seintigraphy.There were two cases negative in scintigraphy but positive in whole body MR DWI and one case positive in scintigraphy only.There were eight lesions negative in scintigraphy but positive in whole body MR DWI,mainly located in the spine.pelvis and femur.Seven 1esions were only detected by scintigraphy,mainly located in the skull.sternum.clavicle and scapula.Conclusion The whole body MR DWI reveals excellent consistency with skeletal scintigraphy regarding bone metastasis.and the two modalities are complementary for each Other.

Objective To analyze the manifestation,reason,the processing method of the steel wire implantation with the sereotactic mammography to improve the accuracy of the preoperative positioning.Methods Seventy-nine cases which got the stereotactic steel wire implantation.In 96 lesions, 13 had steel wire displacement.Among them,5 cases got steel wire displacement during the sereotactic process,5 cases got steel wire displacement after the stereotactic process,2 cases got steel wire displacement during the operation,one case did not show the calcification on the postoperative radiography.Results The steel wire displacement occurred in 5 cases during the stereotactic process came from the patients and doctors respectively and the repositioning was needed.The steel wire displacement after the stereoscopic positioning was attributed to the overdose injection of local anesthesia,which led to the mismatch between the depth of Z axis of the mammary gland and the actual depth the computer given,the incorrect method for needle placement,and,neglecting whether the steel wire have got the lesion anchored when pulling out the needle set of steel wire hood,besides,these three kinds of instances above were all exaggerated by the accordion effect.For the displacement within 2 cm,the lesion can be excised toward the pathological change direction according to the position that steel wire prompted and re-place the second steel wire,putting the J-shaped steel wire into the needle hood and taking it out of the body.After repositioning,2 cases had the steel wire prolapse during operation,which resulted from the over-lifting of the steel wire.After placing the steel wire, the radiologist should give an accurate description on the depth and direction to the surgeon and the notch should be taken for incision from the steel wire head end which is proximate to skin.The postoperative specimen from one case had no calcification,which might be related to the condition that the calcification was located in the gland body,which got destruction from the surgical electrical electrotome.The excisionscope should be extended and the short term reexamination is recommended to make sure the complete excision of the calcification.Conclusion It is the gold standard method that implanting the steel wire with the stereotactic mammography to guide the surgical dissecting technique to diagnose non-palpable breast lesion(NPBL).Thorough understanding of the displacement manifestation of implanting steel wire with stereotactic technique and the treatment methods will be helpful in the surgical dissecting guidance.

Objective To study the relation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in serum and tumor necrosis fac- tor-?in serum and amniotic fluid in predicting ehorioamnhionitis in patients with premature rupture of membranes (PROM).Methods The levels of MMP-9 in serum and TNF-?in serum and amniotie fluid were measured by ra- dioimmunoassay and ELISA in 67 cases with premature rupture of membranes as study group and 40 cases normal full-termed pregnant women as controls group.Results(1)The levels of TNF-?in amniotie fluid and MMP-9 in serum in study group were significantly higher than those in controls group(P0.05).(2)In study group,the levels of MMP-9 of serum in0.05).Conclusions The levels of TNF-?in amniotic fluid and MMP-9 in serum were valuable clinical indices for identification of chorioamnionitis in patients with PROM.The levels of MMP-9 in serum also could assess the time of rupture of membranes and the degree of ehorioamnionitis.

OBJECTIVETo optimize scan delay time of multi-slice spiral CT portal venography (MSCTP) using test bolus injection.

METHODSSixty individuals with no hepatic diseases were randomly divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D). The time-density curves (TDC) of the portal vein (PV) were acquired by test bolus (15 ml, 5 ml/s) at the level of liver hilus. In the 4 groups, the MSCTP were delayed for 4, 6, 8 and 10 s according to the peak time of TDC, respectively. The maximum CT value of the portal vein and liver parenchyma were recorded. The maximum intensity projection (MIP) and volume rendering (VR) were employed for three-dimensional reconstruction and the image quality of the 4 groups was estimated.

RESULTSThe average peak time of healthy individuals ranged between 24 and 32 s (95% confidence interval) by means of the test bolus (15 ml). Group C (delay time of 8 s) had a much better image quality of the portal vain than the other groups, and the small branches of the portal vein (6th and 7th orders) were clearly visualized; the major portal vein branches (1st to 4th orders) were also enhanced with sharp edges. Although the hepatic vein was also observed in the portal venous phase in group D, the details of the portal vein on the hepatic edge were distinct and well defined.

CONCLUSIONAt the injection rate of 5 ml/s, the optimum scan time delayed is 8 to 10 s in normal individuals according to the peak time of the test bolus.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Phlebography ; methods ; Portal Vein ; diagnostic imaging ; Reproducibility of Results ; Time Factors ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective To determine the effect of mitochondria on the protection of heat-shock proteins B1(HSPB1) from oxidative damage in rat cardiac cell.Methods HSPB1 gene-transfected rat cardiomyocytes cell line H9c2 (HSPB1 H9c2) and empty vector transfected H9c2 (control) were established,and treated by 0-1000?mol/L H_2O_2 for 2h.And then the cell morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential and endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected. Results (1)HSPB1 inhibited the morphological changes induced by H_2O_2 markedly.(2)HSPB1 inhibited the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential induced by H_2O_2.Following the stimulation of 0,75,150,300,500,1000?mol/L H_2O_2,mitochondrial membrane potential in HSPB1 and control H9c2 cells were (10.0?0.11)vs (7.01?0.26),(9.11?0.17)vs (6.05?0.19),(7.69?0.28)vs (5.14?0.28),(6.95?0.13)vs (4.66?0.11),(6.61?0.20)vs (1.85?0.35),(6.60?0.05)vs (1.19?0.01),respectively (all P0.05).Conclusions HSPB1 protects rat cardiomyocytes cell line(H9c2) from oxidative damage,which suggests that stabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential and the decreased endogenous reactive oxygen species after oxidative stress may be involved in the protection of HSPB1 against oxidative stress in H9c2.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inpatient pulmonary hypertension (PH) surveillance in a single center of cardiovascular hospital during last ten years.

METHODSIn this retrospective analysis, data from patients with discharge diagnosis as PH from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 2005 were collected.

RESULTSA total of 7085 out of 106 640 patients (6.63%) were documented as PH during the survey period and 3.77% PH was idiopathic, 65.93% PH originated from congenital heart diseases, 22.61% from left heart diseases, 5.66% from thrombotic diseases, 0.89% from respiratory diseases, 0.61% from connective tissue diseases, 0.51% from pulmonary vasculitis and 0.03% from portal hypertensive diseases. Both total inpatient number and patients with PH increased year by year during the last 10 years in our hospital. The number of in-hospital patients with PH was significantly higher in 2004 - 2005 than that in 1996 - 2003 (P < 0.0001) and more PH was originated from cardiomyopathy and valvular heart diseases. Idiopathic pulmonary hypertension also tended to increase and PH due to congenital heart diseases was significantly reduced during 2004 - 2005.

CONCLUSIONThe data from a single center of cardiovascular hospital shows a tendency for increased in-hospital prevalence of pulmonary hypertension during the last ten years.

Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; epidemiology ; Inpatients ; statistics & numerical data ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects of cyclosporine-impregnated bone allograft (CAB) and freeze-dried bone allograft (FDAB) in repairing radial defects in rabbits.

METHODSThirty New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into bone graft donor group, experimental group, and control group (n=10). The bilateral ilia of the donor rabbits were dissected to prepare CAB and FDAB. In the other 20 rabbits, a 10-mm long segmental osteoperiosteal defect was induced in the right radius and repaired with CAB (experimental group) or with FDAB (control group). At postoperative weeks 4 and 12, 5 rabbits from each group were sacrificed to evaluate the bone healing by radiographic, general and histological observations.

RESULTSFour weeks after the operation, the rabbits in the experimental group showed significantly higher X-ray scores (P=0.001) with greater amount of new bone and better incorporation of the allograft and autogenous bone than those in the control group. At 12 weeks, the X-ray scores were still significantly higher in the experimental group (P=0.002), which also showed better bone remodeling than the control group.

CONCLUSIONCAB is superior to FDAB for repairing radial defects in rabbits, but the potential involvement of local immunoreaction in this difference awaits further investigation.

Animals ; Bone Regeneration ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Cyclosporine ; pharmacology ; Freeze Drying ; Rabbits ; Radius ; injuries ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Transplantation, Homologous