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Objective To evaluate the value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of Crohn's Disease (CD).Methods A total of 436 patients with endoscopically suspected CD underwent EUS and the clinical data of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.Changes of gastrointestinal wall stratification and perienteric complications detected by EUS were documented systematically.The consistency between the diagnosis of EUS and the results of pathology were recorded.Results A total of 297 cases of CD and 139 cases of non-CD were clinically diagnosed,while 277 CDs (including 17 non-CDs clinically diagnosed) and 159 non-CDs (including 37 CDs clinically diagnosed) were diagnosed by EUS.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy rate of EUS in diagnosing CD were 87.5％ (260/297),87.8％ (122/139) and 87.6％ (382/436),respectively.Dilated vessels in submucosa were detected in 40 patients,fistulae in 13,abscesses in 5 and enlarged lymph nodes in 75.Conclusion EUS can show gastrointestinal wall stratification of CD clearly with high diagnostic accuracy.Meanwhile,EUS can detect extraluminal complications well to help in providing useful information for surgery.

AIM: To investigate the correlation between the expression of neuron-specific protein and apoptosis in the process of differentiation from rat bone marrow stromal cells into neuron with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). METHODS: The 5th passage MSCs were induced by BDNF and 2-mercaptoethanol (?-ME), respectively. At 1 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, nestin, neuron specific enolase (NSE), microtubulease associated protein (MAP)-2 and glail fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by Western blotting. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Nestin and NSE of neuron-like cells induced by BDNF and ?-ME were all positive by Western blotting. At 12 h, nestin and NSE turned to negative and apoptosis was detected in ?-ME group, nestin and NSE still positive and apoptosis wasn't detected in BDNF group. Till 24 h, nestin and NSE in BDNF group were negative but apoptosis still not detected. Notably, GFAP (glial astrocyte marker) was detected and MAP-2 wasn't detected in the two induced groups. CONCLUSION: The down-expression of neuron-specific protein correspondingly with apoptosis in the process of differentiation from MSCs into neuron with ?-ME shows that apoptosis may be one of the causes of induced cell death. BDNF induction was not the cause of apoptosis. Other factors may include for the cell death in the presence of neuron-specific protein expression induced by BDNF.

Objective To obtain elastic modulus through displacement of the ear structure. Methods The finite element model (FEM) of human ear structure based on Patran software was constructed and the neural network for inverse derivative of elastic modulus for the ear was established using Matlab software. The frequency response of the ear structure FEM was calculated to obtain the displacements of tympanic membrane and stapes. The displacements acting as input data of training samples and the corresponding elastic modulus acting as output data were used to train the neural network. Results The elastic modulus was inversely derived by adopting this mature neural network with relatively less error. Conclusions The viability of the proposed methods for inverse derivative of elastic modulus was demonstrated in this paper, which could provide a simple and effective method to obtain mechanical parameters for clinic work.

This paper deals with research and manufacture processes of the 8 millimeter wave therapeu- tic apparatus,the application to the clinical treatment for gastric and duodenal ulcer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the role of overexpressed proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of cerebral palsy (CP).MethodsLevels of tumor necrotic factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in serum of 31 CP children, 20 healthy children (as controls), 37 neonates with CP risk factors such as hypoxic-ischemic injury and/or perinatal infection, and 20 healthy neonates (as controls) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) retrospectively.ResultsLevels of TNF-α and IL-6 of CP children and neonates with CP risk factors were significantly higher than that of healthy controls (P<0.05). TNF-α level of CP children was significantly higher than that of neonates with CP risk factors (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in IL-6 level between two groups.ConclusionOverexpressed proinflammatory cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of CP and may be an independent risk factor of CP.

ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and pathological classifi cation of appendicitis with pathological results.MethodsThe study included 111 cases who confi rmed by surgery and pathology in the Six Affi liated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June2012 to December 2013. The image characteristics of ultrasonic images performed before surgery were analyzed retrospectively. The cases were divided into five groups based on the pathology: 6 acute simple appendicitis, 45 acute suppurative appendicitis, 15 acute gangrenous appendicitis, 33 chronic appendicitis, and 12 acute attack of chronic appendicitis. The length, width and wall thickness of the appendicitis measured by preoperative ultrasound between various pathological type were compared with Kruskal-Wallis statistical methord, and also used the same method to compared the one which had statistically signifi cance between the fi ve groups. As in the above case, Fisher Exact Test was used to compare the characters′ of ultrasonography included gradations of the appendix, the tube cavity expansion, stercorolith, the appendiceal abscess, mergering lymph node enlargement and the appendix around effusion, if there was statistically signifi cance, the same methord was used to the further comparison between thefi ve groups.ResultsTotally 90 of 111 cases of were reminded appendicitis by preoperative ultrasound, the diagnostic accuracy rate was 81.08%, including acute suppurative appendicitis 91.11% (41/45), acute gangrenous appendicitis 93.33% (14/15), acute simple appendicitis 83.33% (5/6), chronic appendicitis 60.61% (20/33), chronic appendicitis onset acute 83.33% (10/12). There were no statistical differences of preoperative ultrasound measured between various pathological type of appendicitis in length, while the appendix width measured by preoperative ultrasound of acute gangrenous appendicitis was wider than the acute simple group and chronic group, and there were statistically signifi cance between them (P<0.05), in the aspect of wall thickness, the acute suppurative appendicitis and the acute gangrenous appendicitis groups were thicker than the chronic group, and these differences had statistically signifi cance (P<0.05). The stercorolith, lymph node enlargement and the appendiceal abscess in different types of appendicitis had no statistical difference. There were statistically differences (P<0.05) between the acute suppurative goup, acute gangrenous group and the chronic group respectively, both in gradations of the appendix and the tube cavity expansion. Also there were statistically difference (P<0.05) between the acute gangrenous appendicitis group and the chronic group in the aspect of the appendix around effusion.ConclusionsUltrasound is valuable in the diagnosis of appendicitis, especially for acute gangrenous appendicitis and acute purulent appendicitis. The measurement of appendix with wide diameter, wall thickness by ultrasond preoperatively, and the characteristics of the wall layers, lumen expansion degree and the appendix around effusion are valuable in identifying chronic appendicitis, acute suppurative appendicitis, and acute gangrene appendicitis; The ultrasonic measurement of appendix wide diameter could identify acute gangrenous appendicitis and acute simple appendicitis. Ultrasound had limited value in identifying acute suppurative, acute gangrenous appendicitis, acute simple appendicitis, chronic appendicitis, and chronic appendicitis onset acute.

ObjectiveTo prepare high specific monoclonal antibodies(mAbs) against BP26 of Brucella(B.)melitensis.Methods A recombinant plasmid pET-28a-BP26 was constructed and transformed into competent Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3),and then the bacteria were induced by 1 mmol/L isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside (IPTG).After induction,the recombinant BP26 protein (rBP26) was purified by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PGAE) and nickel ion affinity chromatography(Ni-NTA).Mice were inoculated with rBP26 antigens for three times at 2-week intervals.The first subcutaneous injection contained 100 μg rBP26 with 0.1 ml complete Freund adjuvant.The second subcutaneous injection was 50 μg rBP26 with 0.1 ml incomplete Freund adjuvant.The antibody titers to rBP26 were determined 2 weeks after each reimmunization.Three days before cell fusion,the mice with the highest titer were intraperitoneally injected with 50 μg rBP26 in 0.1 ml PBS.Pre- and post-immunization sera were collected and used as negative or positive controls for screening mAbs.Mice with the highest titer were sacrificed and spleen cells were isolated.The spleen cells of rBP26 immunized mice were fused with SP2/0 myeloma cells in a ratio of 5 ∶ 1 by polyethylene glycol(PEG) 1450.Antibody-producing hybridomas were primarily screened by an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay(ELISA) with rBP26.Reactive hybridomas were subcloned for 3 times,then the strains of hybridoma cells secreting antibodies against BP26 were obtained.Supernatant of cloned hybridoma cultures was collected for mAb analyses.These mAbs were named by the hybridoma clone number and tested their reactivity to membrane proteins extracted(NMP) from B.melitensis vaccine strain(M5-90) by Western blotting and Dot-ELISA.mAbs isotyping and kappa(κ) or lambda(λ) light chain was identified by Mouse Monoclonal Antibody Isotyping Kit.Results A total of two mAbs reactive to rBP26 of B.melitensis were selected from antibody screening hybridomas by indirect-ELISA.The two mAbs were named 3C3 and 5A5,and identified as IgG1 (κ) and IgG2(κ),respectively.They could react with NMP from M5-90.Conclusions Results of identification show that two mAbs against rBP26 can be produced.The two mAbs can recognize natural BP26 protein,giving the experimental materials for further research on identification of its epitopes.

The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of Vam3 which is one of the dihydroxystilbene compounds on expressions of ICAM-1 in the lungs of OVA-induced asthmatic mice and the mechanisms of anti-airway inflammation. Balb/c mice were challenged with OVA inhalation. Lung tissues were stained with Mayer's hematoxylin and eosin for histopathologic examination. The expression of ICAM-1 in the lungs of mice was analyzed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry method. The NF-kappaB activities were detected by NF-kappaB-luc reporter genetic transient transfection method. The activities of MMP-9 induced by LPS, TNF-alpha and PMA in THP-1 cells were determined by gelatin zymography method. The results showed that Vam3 could inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 in the OVA-induced mouse model. In addition, Vam3 could significantly suppress the activities of NF-kappaB in A549 cells and MMP-9 in THP-1 cells induced by LPS, TNF-alpha and PMA. These results suggested that Vam3 could alleviate the asthmatic inflammation by decreasing ICAM-1 expression in asthmatic mice, down regulating NF-kappaB and MMP-9 activities. Compound Vam3 showed inhibitory effects on inflammatory signal pathways involved in asthma.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Jatropha see soma japonicum so as to screen the optimum process and formulations. Methods The cercaria directly contacting tests with Jatro-pha seed oils extracted by 6 different extraction processes were carried out,and the mouse immediate contacting cercaria infection trials with different formulations of Jatropha seed oil and various additives were performed. Results With 95%ethanol,the ratio of material to liquid being 1∶8,and 2 h extraction,the oil extraction rate was 30.7%. The cercaria directly contacting tests showed that 6 kinds of Jatropha seed oil killed all cercaria within 30 min. In the mouse immediate contacting cercaria infection trials,the worm declined rate of Jatropha seed oil liquid was 70.97%,and the worm declined rate of the sample added with benzyl benzoate was 58.87%,and the worm declined rate of the sample added with laurocapram was 77.42%. The worm declined rate of the sam-ples added with benzyl benzoate,dibutyl phthalate and laurocapram was 100%. Conclusion The process with 95%ethanol,the ratio of material to liquid being 1∶8,and 2 h extraction is the optimum,and the Jatropha seed oil has a good killing schistosome cercaria effect.