BACKGROUND:The repair effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation on brain injury were not ideal. Combined therapy with medicine and biological engineering materials is needed. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation and fingolimod immunosuppressants on memory function recovery in rats with brain injury. METHODS:A total of 60 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to hydraulic shock with peak value of 253.312 5-303.975 kPa with a hydraulic head injury instrument so as to induce a model of severe hydraulic head injury. They were randomly divided into brain injury group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation group and fingolimod+bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation group. The Morris water maze test was tested at 21-28 days after PKH-26-labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation. The PKH-26 immunofluorescence and hematoxylin-eosin staining were conducted in brain tissues at 4 weeks after brain injury. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 4 weeks after transplantation, the average escape latency was gradual y decreased in each group. The average escape latency was shorter in the fingolimod+bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation group than in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation group (P<0.05), and significantly shorter than in the brain injury group (P<0.01). The number of times of crossing the platform and the percentage of swimming distance to total distance were higher in the fingolimod+bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation group than in the brain injury group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation group (P<0.05). The number of PKH-26-positive cells was significantly higher in the fingolimod+bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation group than in the brain injury group and bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation group (P<0.05). Results confirmed that bone marrow mesenchymal stem celltransplantation could apparently improve memory function of rats with severe brain injury. The combined application of fingolimod immunosuppressants has synergistic effects.

Objective To explore the related high risk factors of hyponatremia after transsphenoidal approach for pituitary adenomectomy and to direct postoperative nursing. Methods The clinical data of seventy-seven patients suffering from pituitary adenomas with the way of treatment by transsphenoidal pituitary adenomectomy from June 2014 to May 2015 were summarized retrospectively. According to the value of postoperative serum natremia, the data were divided into hyponatremia group and non-hyponatremia group. The different data between the 2 groups were compared and the high risk factors related to hyponatremia were analyzed. Results Univariate analysis showed that gender(P=0.254) and high blood pressure(P=0.742) were unrelated to postoperative hyponatremia and there was significant difference between two groups in age (P=0.038), max- diameter of tumors(P=0.004), preoperative pituitary dysfunction (P=0.013), visual deficit (P=0.000), operative procedure duration (P=0.008) and diabetes mellitus rate (P=0.023). While Logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative visual deficit (OR=0.152,P=0.004,95%CI 0.043-0.542) and preoperative pituitary dysfunction (OR=0.069, P=0.046,95%CI 0.005-0.950) were independent factors for postoperative hyponatremia. Conclusions Hyponatremia is a common complication after transsphenoidal pituitary adenomectomy. The optimal treatment can benefit the early recovery and more careful nursing should be focused on these patients who are in high risk of postoperative hyponatremia.

Extracellular vesicles (EV) miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are encapsulated in membrane-containing vesicles from a variety of cells, and which can mediate intercellular communication and transfer of functional molecules. EV miRNAs in circulation can be served as novel molecular markers for cancer diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis, and also the most promising liquid biomarkers for clinical translation and utility currently, while optimal research strategy is crucial for identifying valuable EV miRNAs in clinical study. Moreover, EV miRNAs have recently also been implicated in cancer progression as direct regulators of metabolic reprogramming, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, angiogenesis, anti-cancer immune response and drug resistance in the tumor microenvironment. Study on some key EV miRNAs involving in those processes may highlight their potential utility as liquid biopsies in early diagnosis, companion diagnosis, metastasis, therapeutic control, prognosis analysis as their therapeutic potential for patients with cancer.

The birth rate of very low birth weight(VLBW)is rising year by year,and its survival rate increases with developing of modern methods of neonatal intensive care.The outcomes of VLBW have become a social concern.VLBW have different brain structure compared with term children,mainly in the reduction of brain volume.including the reduction of gray matter volume and white matter vollame.Because of these pathologic changes in brain.some VLBW show severe neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood,including cognitive problems.behavioral and psychological problems,motor clumsiness and so on.

Biofilms are communities of surface-associated bacteria or fungi embedded in a self-produced extracellular polymeric matrix that are notoriously difficult to be eradicated and are sources of many recalcitrant infections. Treatment for biofilm infection with any individual drug is always less effective, while the combinations of different types of drugs are superior to monotherapy concerning the removing of biofilms. This paper focus on research progress in recent years for synergistic effect of drugs in combination against biofilms formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hemoglobin variability (Hb-Var) in dialysis patients,and to explore the factors related to Hb-Var and the relationship between Hb-Var and patients outcomes.Methods The study enrolled 178 hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients in the Department of Nephrology,Peking University People's Hospital between October 2009 and March 2010.First six months were observation period,and then followed up for 12 months.The Hb-Var was described by residual standard deviation (Res-SD) and fluctuation across threshold of the Hb level.Non-fatal cardiovascular events and mortality were the primary endpoints.Results The Res-SD was (4.74±2.66) g/L in dialysis patients.Most patients fell into groups of high amplitude (HA) and low amplitude low (LAL),with frequency of 29.8％ and 33.1％ respectively.The related factors of Hb-Var were fluctuation of erythropoietin (EPO) dosage and hemodialysis.Kaplan-Meier survival curve and multivariable adjusted Cox regression indicated that Res-SD had no impact on the primary endpoints.Accumulative time to reach target hemoglobin level was an independent factor related to outcome.Conclusion Hb-Var occurs commonly in dialysis patients.The fluctuation of EPO dosage and dialysis style increase Hb-Var.Accumulative time to reach target hemoglobin level is an independent factor related to patients outcomes.

Objective To explore the effect of different antifreeze or antioxidant at different cryopreservation conditions on the activity and the morphology of adipose cells.Methods After purification,fat granules were divided into 5 groups; the same volume of antifreeze or antioxidants were added in each group,stored at-20℃ (refrigerator),-80℃ (ultra-low-temperature refrigerator) and-196 ℃ (liquid nitrogen) ; the amount of glucose transfer was determined and the morphological changes were observed for each group after two weeks,two months,and three months.Results Fat activity of the group adding both dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and trehalose was significantly higher than that in other groups at the same temperature and the same time point.The decreased amount of glucose transfer of 80℃ group and 196℃ group was significantly lower than that of 20℃ group,and that in groups of each 196℃ were greater than that in groups of each 80℃.Conclusions Antifreeze can obviously keep activity of fat cells.Preservative effect of DMSO is better than trehalose,and that of both combination is much better.Liquid nitrogen storage of adipose tissue for three months and fat granules stored at 80℃ for two months are still suitable for clinical use.

[Objective] This paper investigates the impact of early intervention of gestational diabetes mel itus(GDM) on pregnancy outcomes. [Methods] Samples are drawn from the GDM cases diagnosed in Zhejiang Tonglu Maternity and Child Care Hospital between Jan. 2010 and Dec. 2012. The treat-ment group includes 56 cases that were diagnosed with systematic prenatal examination and received early treatment, while the remaining 42 cases in the control group were detected only in later phase of pregnancy and stayed untreated, upon which comparisons of pregnancy outcomes are made. [Results] Early intervention of GDM greatly improves the prognosis of both the mother and the perinatal stage infant, as demonstrated in statistical y significant dif-ference of complications. [Conclusion] Early intervention of gestational diabetes mel itus can reduce the chance of gestational complications, and further im-prove pregnancy outcomes.

Background and purpose: Ovarian cancer is the common gynecological cancer, and the drug resistance of anti-tumor drug was one of major reasons for therapy failure, some studies considered that there is a closed relationship between Gankyrin and drug resistance. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of Gankyrin silencing on reversing the cisplatin resistance of ovarian cancer drug-resistant SKOV3/DDP cell line. Methods:The expression of Gankyrin in SKOV3 and SKOV3/DDP cells was measured by real-time PCR assay, MTS assay was employed to determine the effect of Gankyrin on SKOV3/DDP sensitivity to cisplatin, apoptosis rate and intracellular concentration of rhodamine-123 (Rh-123) were determined by lfow cytometry, the expression of multi-drugs resistant protein MDR1, Caspase-3/8, Survivin and Bcl-2 were determined by Western blot and real-time PCR. The phosphorylation of AKT and expression of p53, NF-κB and PTEN were analyzed by Western blot assay. Results:The expression of Gankyrin was increased in SKOV3/DDP cells, Gankyrin silencing was able to increase the cisplatin sensitivity of SKOV3/DDP. Before and after gene silencing, the reverse folds (RF) to cisplatin were 1.81 and 2.45, respectively, the intracellular levels of Rh-123 were 1.73 and 2.42 fold, the apoptosis rates were 2.23 and 4.23 fold,the expressions of MDR1, Survivin and Bcl-2 were downregulated, the mRNA expressions of MDR1 were 62.8%and 21.6%, the mRNA expressions of Survivin were 24.5%and 10.3%, the mRNA expressions of Bcl-2 were 47.5%and 18.4%, the levels of Caspase-3/8, p53 and PTEN were elevated, phosphorylation of AKT and expression of NF-kB were downregulated compared with control group. Conclusion:Gankyrin silencing was able to reverse the cisplatin resistance of SKOV3/DDP cells by inhibiting the drug eflfux and promoting cell apoptosis, the PTEN/AKT/NF-κB/p53 may be the key pathway.

Cancer pain seriously affects the quality of life of patients and could disturb normal cancer treatment. Therefore, ap-propriate drugs should be chosen to control the pain. Transdermal fentanyl is a type of potent opioid that is widely used in controlling moderate and severe cancer pains. This paper reviews the pharmacological characteristics of transdermal fentanyl and its clinical appli-cation in cancer pain management.