A complete explanation of the new idea,grounds,spirit,inner-contradiction of the 3 major documents in the new framework of epileptic knowledge re-defined by International League Against Epilepsy was made in accordance with the International League Against Epilepsy original articles.And the different recognition about them nowadays existed among our nerologists was also deeply explored.

Objective:To research the effect of Shengmai capsules on the matrix metalloproteinase(MMPs)& tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase(TIMPs)in chronic congestive heart failure(CHF)rats.Methods:75 SD female rats weredivided randomly into 5 groups:sham-operation group(A),CHF model group(B),CHF model treated by Shengmai capsules group(Shengmai capsule group,C),CHF model treated by Captopril group(Captopril group,D),CHF model treated by Shengmai capsule and Captopril group(shengmai capsule&captopril group,E),15 rats each group.Suprarenal abdominal artery constriction was operated to prepare CHF rat models.After 7 week treating respectively,the contents of MMP-3&TIMP-1 of cardiac muscle in rats were detected.Results:The content of cardiac MMP-3 was higher in group B than in group A(P

AIM: To identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB11454 allele and HLA-DRB1 exon 3 sequence information in the Chinese population, which is significant for organ transplantation, cell transplantation, and human genetics.METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) was used to identify HLA-DRB1 alleles from 58 donor-recipient individuals who would undergo haemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Medium to high resolution polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence specific oligonucleotide probe (PCR-RSSOP) was used to identify HLA-DRB1 alleles from 1 268 healthy donors from Guangdong province. The some ambiguous results of HLA-DRB114-associated alleles were confirmed by high resolution polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer typing (PCR-SSP).RESULTS: HLA-DRB11403, 1406, 1410, 1412, 1418, 1425 and 1454 alleles were detected in 1 268 healthy donors.HLA-DRB11454 was confirmed in 8 ambiguous results of HLA-DRB11401/1434/1454 alleles, and HLA-DRB11454 was one of common alleles of HLA-DRB114 allele group in Guangdong population. HLA-DRB114 exon 3 sequence information was confirmed to be polymorphic in Chinese population.CONCLUSION: HLA-DRB11454 and exon 3 of DRB1 are confirmed to be polymorphic in Chinese population, further elucidating that HLA-DRB1 axon 3 sequence information is important for Han population and some minority groups.

Objective To evaluate the safety,feasibility,and clinical outcome of anterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy (PECD).Methods The study involved 28 patients undergone PECD.Visual analogue scale (VAS) and MacNab scale were recorded before operation and at 3 days,1,3,6,12 and 18 months after operation.In addition,MRI examination was conducted at postoperative l month,3 months and 12 months.After data collection,single-factor T test with SAS software was performed.Results Follow-up (range,18-24 months,mean 19 months) was achieved in 25 patients.When compared to the preoperative score,VAS and MacNab scale presented improvement at postoperative 3 days (P ＞ 0.05) and great improvement at postoperative 1,3,6,12,18 and 24 months (P ＜ 0.01).VAS and MacNab scale at postoperative 3 days presented statistical differences as compared to those at postoperative 3,6,12 and 18 months (P ＜0.05),but the differences were not statistically insignificant at postoperative 3,6,12,and 18 months (P ＞ 0.05).Moreover,VAS and MacNab scale showed significant improvement at postoperative 24 months as compared to those before operation (P ＜0.01) and those at postoperative day 3 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Anterior PECD is effective in treatment of cervical soft or partial hard disc herniation.

Calcium Oxalate ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; etiology ; therapy

Objective To study the distributive characteristics of HLA-A,B,DRBI alleles and haplotypes patients with ALL in southern Chinese Han.Methods The frequencies of HLA-A,B,DRB1alleles and haplotypes were estimated by Expectation-Maximization method based on the genotypes of 572patients with ALL and 5645 unrelated health donors,and then compared by chi-square test.Results The frequencies of HLA-A33(7.15%vs 9.3%,OR=0.73,P＜0.05),B58(5.93%vs 8.75%,OR=0.64,P＜0.05),DRB1*17(5.15%vs 6.30%,OR=0.82,P＜0.05)alleles and HLA-A33-B58-DRB1*17(2.46%vs 4.14%,OB=0.35,P＜0.05)haplotype were significantly lower in ALL patient groups than that in controls.The frequencies of HLA-A3(2.1%vs 1.26%,OR=1.7,P＜0.05),B51(7.25%vs 5.78%,OR=1.3,P＜0.05)and DRB*12 (16.13%vs 12.99%,OR=1.35,P＜0.05)alleles and A2-B51-DRB1*12(1.24%vs.0.89%,OR=1.66,P＜0.05)haplotype were significantly higher in ALL patient groups than that in controls.Conclusion These results indieated that HLA-A33-B58-DRB1*17 haplotype was a associated with a diminished incidence of ALL.and HLA-A3 auele or A2-B51-DRB1*12 haplotype was weakly associated with ALL.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the expression of CD4+, CD8+ T cells and cell apoptosis in oral lichen planus (OLP) and investigate the role and the relationship of immunological reaction and cell apoptosis in the pathogenesis of OLP2.

METHODSImmunohistochemical technique was used to study the expression of CD4+, CD8+ T cells in 27 OLP cases. TUNEL was used for detecting the cell apoptotic index (AI) in 17 OLP2 cases.

RESULTSThe expression of CD4+, CD8+ T cells were obviously elevated in lamina propria of OLP group compared with control group (P<0.05). There was a strong significance when compared the ration of CD4/CD8 in both group. AI was remarkably increased in epithelia cells and significantly decreased in lymphocytes in lamina propria in OLP cases compared with its expression in the control group respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe increased amount of CD4+, CD8+ T cells in lamina propria of OLP and the change ration of CD4/CD8 suggest that immune response is involved in the pathogenesis of OLP. The abnormal cell apoptosis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of OLP.

Objective To determine the feasibility of magnetically labeling and tracking mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)in vitro by using a gadolinium and fluorescent bi-functionally transfection agent of polyethylenimine.Methods A gadolinium bifunctional transfection reagent complex was obtained after the linear polyethylenimine derivative(JetPEI-FluoR)was incubated with Gd-DTPA.Mesenchymal stem cells isolated from the bone marrows of SD rats were cultured and expanded.The mesenchymal stem cells were incubated with the bi-functional labeling agents.After labeling,the MSCs were examined with fluoroscope and electron microscope and the biological characters were detected including trypan blue exclusion test,MTT,and apoptosis detection.On a 1.5 T MR system,the labeled MSCs were examined with spin echo T1 WI and T2 WI and T1 measurement with mixed sequence.After labeling,the cells were cultured and undergone routine passage.Prior MR examinations were repeated for each passage of labeled cells.All data was statistically prolessed with SPSS for Windows.Results Of 5×105 MSCs incubated with the bi-functional agents,4.25×105 MSCs were successfully labeled,the percentage of labeled MSCs was 85% fluoroscopically.The high density electron particles of gadolinium observed electron microscopically existed around cellular apparatuses,especially around Golgi apparatus.In trypan blue exclusion test,the exclusion rate of labeled MSCs with incubation duration of 3,6,12,24 h was(96.55±2.90)%,(94.17±2.56)%,(97.16±3.12)% and(94.23±2.67)%,respectively.The corresponding exclusion rate of unlabeled MSCs was(95.86±2.67)%,(92.04±2.21)%,(93.38±3.64)%and(92.12±2.53)%,respectively.There was no statistical difference of trypan blue exclusion rate between labeled cells and control unlabeled cells within 24 hours of incubation(F=4.523,P＞0.05).In the proliferation test,the optical absorption value of labeled MSC with 2.5,5.0,10.0,20.0,30.0 and 40.0 μl bi-functional labeling agent was(0.1884±0.0151),(0.1878±0.0190),(0.1741±0.0160),(0.1135±0.0215),(0.1079±0.0145)and(0.0811±0.0079),respectively.The corresponding optical absorption value of unlabeled MSCs was(0.1940±0.0116).The optical absorption value of labeled cells was not affected in case of less than 30.0 μl of Gd-DTPA(q'=0.2225-0.9458,P＞0.05).The apoptosis index for labeled cells and unlabeled cells were 5.08% and 3.86%,respectively.On T1 WI,the signal intensity and T1 relaxation time of unlabeled cells and labeled cells were 240.3±24.7 and(2457±56)ms,336.2±20.7 and(1102±64)ms,respectively,and there were significant statistical difference(t=12.656,17.889,P＜0.01).The minimal amount of cells which was detectable for T1 WI was 5×103.After routine passage,the gadolinium in the cells gradually decreased and could be tracked by MRI until the fifth passage.Conclusions The gadolinium and fluorescent bi-functionally labeling rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell by using the transfection agent of polyethylenimine is feasible,efficient and safe.The labeled cells could be tracked in vitro on MR imaging.

ObjectiveTo discuss the feasibility and safety of anterior pedicle screw (APS) fixation in treatment of lower cervical spine injuries.MethodsA total of 10 patients with lower cervical spine injuries were treated with APS fixation.All the patients received preoperative cervical CT scans,and then three-dimensional model was reconstructed by using Mimics software to measure the screw placement parameters (insertion point,screw placement angle,screw length and diameter).All APS fixations were performed through anterior cervical approach,and then centrums antetheca and bilateral outer edges were exposed to distinguish the vertebral end plates.Screw insertion was strictly operated under the fluoroscopic assistance and preoperative screw placement parameters.The postoperative efficacy of APS fixation was evaluated by radiologist and other orthopedist via anteroposterior and lateral radiation,CT scan,three-dimensional model reconstruction and MRI.A follow-up was carried out at 1,3,6 and 12 months after operation.ResultsExcept for one screw for C4 and one for C7,another 24 crews for C3-C7 were successfully inserted.Postoperative CT scan demonstrated four screws breaking the outer vertebral wall.Except for one patient suddenly died from acute myocardial infarction one week after operation,the other nine patients received follow-up.Of three trauma patients,one patient at Grade A did not get improvement but with no aggravation and two achieved improvement for 2-3 grades according to Frankel grade.Among six non-trauma patients,spinal function score by JOA was averagely elevated to 13.4 points,with improvement rate of 60.7％ according to Hirabayashi method.There were no serious complications except for two patients of dysphagia among the patients who were followed up. Conclusions APS fixation is feasible for lower cervical spine injuries.The keys to successful screw insertion are preoperative measurement of individualized screw insertion parameters and appropriate application of intraoperative fluoroscope technique.