Animals ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cell Division ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Humans ; Macrophages ; cytology ; Signal Transduction ; immunology ; physiology ; Space Flight ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Weightlessness

Objective To investigate the effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) on recuperate of optic nerve after contusion by clamping in adult rabbits. Methods Sixteen adult rabbits were randomly divided into NGF and the control group with 8 rabbits in each group. After the optic nerve of the right eyes was clamped,tissue engineering nerve containing (0.06 ml) NGF(concentration: 5?10~(-4) g/L, NGF group) and 0.06 ml of PBS (control group) was immediately transplanted into the injured eyes respectively, and 0.02 ml NGF(concentration: 5?10~(-4) g/L, NGF group)and 0.02 ml of PBS (control group) were injected into the vitreous of right eyes respectively. Flash visual evoked potential (FVEP) test was performed on the eyes 1 day, 2 weeks and 8 weeks after the injury. The number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and changes of optic nerves were observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy at the 8th week after contusion,and a computer-image-analysis system was used to count the optic nerve axons. Results The ratio of amplitude of FVEP of the injured and healthy eyes was 0.765?0.150 in NGF group and 0.494?0.108 in the control at the 2th week after injury with a significant difference between the two groups (P

There have been many methods to prepare fluoroquinolones-loaded sustained-release chitosan microspheres, including precipitation, emulsion crosslinking, spray-drying, and ionic gelation. Each of them has its own merits and disadvantages, but the mechanisms underlying drug delivery are basically similar. The prepared drug microspheres can enhance the capacity of anti-fluoroquinolones-resistant bacteria and are primarily used in the anti-inflammation and anti-infection. This paper introduces the preparation methods and sustained drug delivery mechanisms of fluoroquinolones-loaded sustained-release chitosan microspheres and investigates drug delivery characteristics and applications by analyzing, sorting, and summarizing related manuscripts published recently. Fluoroquinolones-loaded sustained-release chitosan microspheres show satisfactory sustained-release and anti-bacterial properties. Therefore, it is of important scientific research and clinical application significance to develop fluoroquinolones-loaded sustained-release nanometer-sized chitosan microspheres.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of herbal cake moxibustion in treating chronic renal failure. Methods Sixty CRF patients were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The control group received medication and diet control and the treatment group, herbal cake moxibustion on Shenshu, Pishu or Ganshu in addition. Pre-/post-treatment differences in serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), endogenous creatinine clearance rate (Ccr) and 24-h urinary protein quantity were observed in the two groups and the clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups after 3 months of treatment.Results The marked efficacy rate and the total efficacy rate were 46.7% and 86.7%, respectively, in the treatment group and 20.0% and 46.6%, respectively, in the control group, and there were statistically significant differences in both between the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in Scr, BUN, Ccr and 24-h urinary protein quantity in the two groups (P<0.05). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in Scr, BUN and 24-h urinary protein quantity between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Herbal cake moxibustion is an effective way to treat chronic renal failure.

Objective To investigate the clinical values of extracapsular invasion at sentinel lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer.Methods From Jan,2010 to Jan,2013,80 patients underwent axillary lymph node dissection due to sentinel lymph nodes invasion were enrolled in this prospective study.Patients were signed to extracapsular at sentinel lymph nodes positive group (n =45)and control group (n =35)according to the intra -operative pathology.The primary outcome was rate of positive non -sentinel lymph nodes and the second outcomes were 3 -year recurrence -free survival,mortality and health -related quality of life.Results Compared with the control group,the patients in extracapsular at sentinel lymph nodes positive group got a significantly higher rate of positive non -sentinel lymph nodes (91.11% vs.28.57%,χ2 =33.321,P <0.001 );a significantly lower rate of 3 -year recurrence -free survival(57.78% vs.88.57%,χ2 =9.114,P =0.003);a significantly higher rate of mortality (17.78% vs.2.86%,χ2 =4.390,P =0.036);and a significantly lower level of health -related quality of life[(78.43 ±12.43)vs.(87.54 ±11.89),t =11.324,P =0.000].Conclusion Extracapsular invasion at sentinel lymph nodes was a reliable predictor for non -sentinel lymph nodes invasion and long -term clinical outcomes.

GDF-15,a distant member of the TGF-superfamily,is identified as an apoptotic accelerat- ing,anti-tumorigenesis and nerve2nutritional factor in varied injures and tumors and has cardioprotective ac- tivity.The characteristics and roles of GDF-15 gene/protein and antibodies are expounded besides the rela- tionship between GDF-15 serum level/genetypes and CRC.It is also discussed here that some antitumorigenic substances inducing GDF-15 in CRC tissues and CRC cells.

Chitosan microsphere containing fluoroquinolones is a kind of novel sustained-released antibacterial agent that possesses the antibacterial and bacteriostatic property of chitosan as well as bactericidal properties of fluoroquinolones. Loading fluoroquinolones in the chitosan microsphere can greatly enhance its antibacterial, bactericidal, anti-inflammation and anti-infection characteristics. This paper reviewes the recent study on different preparation methods of chitosan mierosphere containing fluoroqninolones and discusses its applications.

Varicella-zoster (chickenpox) infection is a common infectious disease and generally considered to be selflimiting. However, severe bacterial complications associated with the disease have been reported. We describe a case of varicella-zoster infection with secondary Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, preseptal orbital cellulitis and extensive facial abscesses. She was aggressively treated with intravenous antibiotics and repeated surgical drainage, and eventually made good recovery.

Hypofractionated three-dimensional confornul radiotherapy (3DCRT) makes it possible to further improve loeal control,overall survival and the quality of life for the patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).But the dose-fractionation and total dose are not yet clear,which need further study.Hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for early-stage NSCLC patients is well tolerated and results in excellent local control and overall survival.SBRT is expected to become a new standard treatment in patients with early stage NSCLC.

Focal adhesion kinase(FAK)and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase(ERK),which are thought to play major roles in transducing surface receptor-derived signals into nucleus,are pivotal signal transduction molecules in mammalian cells.FAK is activated through phosphorylation by extracellular stimuli.p-FAK activates the downstream of ERK which changes cell action.FAK-ERK signal conduction factors are involved in a variety of biological responses,such as cell proliferation,differentiation,stress,apoptosis and malignant change.The biologic characters of FAK-ERK and advances in the study on its roles in tissue damage are reviewed in this article,which may provide a more effective way for estimation of wound age in forensic medicine.