Objective:To compare the survival rate and adverse reactions of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma undergoing surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy, and to analyze the prognostic factors of patients.Methods:The clinicopathologic data of 78 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma admitted to the Department of Radiation Oncology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University from August 2013 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group ( n=27) and chemoradiotherapy group ( n=51) according to different treatment methods. The median follow-up time was 46 months (20-84 months). The main observation indicators were overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and local control rate (LCR). Cox regression model was used to analyze the prognostic factors. Results:Until July 31, 2020, 51 of the 78 patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma died, including 6 cases of local recurrence, 11 cases of distant metastasis, and 34 cases of other causes (15 cases of hemorrhage, 15 cases of cachexia, and 4 cases of other diseases). In the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group, 12 patients died, accounting for 44.44%. In the chemoradiotherapy group, 39 patients died, accounting for 76.47%. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates of 78 patients were 57.7%, 36.3% and 27.2% respectively, the 1-, 2- and 3-year PFS rates were 49.5%, 38.7% and 32.6% respectively, and the 1-, 2- and 3-year LCR were 53.4%, 40.0% and 34.2% respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates in the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group were 74.1%, 50.1% and 44.6%, and those in the chemoradiotherapy group were 49.0%, 29.3% and 12.8%, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=5.142, P=0.023). The 1-, 2- and 3-year PFS rates in the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group were 62.1%, 54.3% and 44.4%, and those in the chemoradiotherapy group were 43.1%, 30.6% and 26.7%, with no statistically significant difference ( χ2=3.222, P=0.073). The 1-, 2- and 3-year LCR of the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group were 69.8%, 54.3% and 44.4%, and those in the chemoradiotherapy group were 45.1%, 32.9% and 29.6%, with no statistically significant difference ( χ2=3.576, P=0.059). The results of univariate analysis showed that tumor T stage ( χ2=7.140, P=0.008), N stage ( χ2=4.493, P=0.034) and treatment method ( χ2=5.142, P=0.023) were all independent influencing factors of the OS of patient with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; T stage ( χ2=5.807, P=0.016) and N stage ( χ2=6.587, P=0.010) were both independent influencing factors of PFS. The results of multivariate analysis showed that tumor T stage ( HR=2.121, 95% CI: 1.142-3.938, P=0.017), N stage ( HR=2.088, 95% CI: 1.144-3.811, P=0.016) and treatment method ( HR=0.430, 95% CI: 0.226-0.815, P=0.010) were all independent prognostic factors of the OS of patients with advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; T stage ( HR=1.884, 95% CI: 1.011-3.510, P=0.046) and N stage ( HR=1.904, 95% CI: 1.058-3.429, P=0.032) were both independent prognostic factors of PFS. During the treatment period, there were statistically significant differences in the incidences of radioactive pharyngitis [7.41% (2/27) vs. 39.22% (20/51), χ2=8.821, P=0.003] and radioactive dermatitis [3.70% (1/27) vs. 29.41% (15/51), χ2=7.156, P=0.007] between the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group and the chemoradiotherapy group. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the incidences of radioactive oral mucositis [11.11% (3/27) vs. 17.65% (9/51), χ2=0.186, P=0.666], bone marrow suppression [37.04% (10/27) vs. 50.98% (26/51), χ2=1.381, P=0.240], pharynx infection [11.11% (3/27) vs. 5.88% (3/51), χ2=0.143, P=0.706] and tracheal fistula [7.41% (2/27) vs. 0 (0/51), P=0.117] between the two groups. Conclusion:The 1-, 3- and 5-year OS rates in the surgery combined with chemoradiotherapy group are higher than those in the chemoradiotherapy group, and the incidences of adverse reactions are low. T stage, N stage and treatment method are independent prognostic factors for OS of advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients, while T stage and N stage are independent prognostic factors for PFS.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic and preventive method of foreignbodies in esophagus.Methods Clinical date of 78 cases of foreignbodies in esophagus were analyzed retrospectively.Results Among the 78 foreignbodies in esophagus,76 cases were removed from esophagus in different way.2 cases fulled into mastach.No severe complication occurred.The cure rate was 97％.Conclusions Foreignbodies in esophagus should be removed as soon as it is diagnosed.It is important that correctly treating foreignbodies in esophagus can reduce the incidence of severe complications.

Objective To study the mechanism of hypoxia inducing factor-1α(HIF-1α)pathway in establishment of hypoxia inducing low endometrial receptivity.Methods RL95-2 cell lines.the ideal model of study ER,were cultured in hypoxia condition induced by CoCl2,and the expression of mRNA and protein of HIF-1α and tumor necrosis factor like weak inducer of apoptosis(TWEAK)were measured by reverse transcription-PCR and western blot. The apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow eytometry.Then the mechanism confirmed by comparing the two factors in endometrium and the ultra-appearance of inflammatory reaction and apoptosis between recurrent spontaneous abortion women and control women.Results (1)On difierent time point(0,12,24,48 hour),mRNA expression of HIF-1α were 0.272±0.010,0.354±0.020,0.591±0.020.0.890±0.020,while the expression of TWEAK were 0.104±0.010,0.510±0.020,1.021±0. 020, 1. 237 +0. 040, respectively, the expression level between 12, 24, 48 and 0 hour all showed significant differences (P＜0. 05 ). (2) Protein expression of HIF-1α were 0. 853 +0. 010, 0. 931 ±0. 030,1. 124±0.010, 1.317±0.0 20 respectively, while was 0.042±0.010, 0.091 ±0.010, 0. 131±0.020,0. 205 ±0. 030 in TWEAK expression, the different level were statistically significant ( P＜0. 05 ). ( 3 )With longer culture under hypoxia, the cell apoptosis rate increased obviously. The apoptosis rate of each time point were ( 3.2±1.4 ) %, ( 16. 2 ±3.2 ) %, ( 26. 3±3.5 ) %, ( 31.8±3.5 )%, the differences between 12, 24, 48 and 0 hour had significance (P ＜0. 05). (4) The positive rate of HIF-1α stained in epithelium cells and stroma cells of test group were 32. 3%, 8.4% and 16. 7%, 7. 3% in control group. The positive rate of TWEAK were 28. 3%, 3.9% in recurrent spontaneous abortion group and 11.6%, 2. 7% in control group ( P ＜0. 05 ). The ultra-appearance of inflammatory cell infiltrated and apoptosis were obvious in test group. Conclusions Cell inflammation reaction and apoptosis induced by HIF-1α pathway may participate the mechanism of hypoxia inducing low endometrial receptivity. HIF-1α might become a novel target for improving poor endometrial receptivity.

objective To investigate preoperative donor and recipient assessment,choice of surgical options in living donor liver transplantation(LDLT).Methods The clinical data of 95 patients who underwent LDLT from January 1995 to October 2007 in our center were retrospectively analyzed.Of all,92 recipients were benign end-stage liver disease patients (including 45 patients with Wilson disease),and 3 were malignant hepatic carcinbma patients.Results Thirty-one fight lobes without middle hepatic vein(MHV),3 right lobes with MHV,51 left lobes with MHV.and 10 left lobes or left lateral lobes without MHV were obtained.All the donors recovered after operation. Recipients with benign end-stage liver disease were followed up for 1 to 86 months,and the 1-,3-,5-year accumulative survival rates were 89%(82 cases),78%(71 cases)and 73%(67 cases),respectively. The 1-,3-,5-year survival rates of patients with Wilson disease were 92%(42 cases),89%(40 cases)and 76%(34 cases),respectively. For the 3 patients with malignant hepatic carcinoma,2 died and 1 was alive and well. The copper metabolism was back to normal in both donors and recipients. Conclusions Establishment of a system for the safety of donors is basic for LDLT. The key to raise the recipients' survival rates is to choose the optimal surgical approach. LDLT is effective in treating Wilson disease.

Withanolide A is a biologically active secondary metabolite occuring in roots and leaves of Withania somnifera. In the present study, adventitious roots from leaf explants of W. somnifera were induced for the production of withanolide-A by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1 to obtain hair roots. Hair roots induction rate reached 30%. The withanolide A was determined by HPLC in different hair roots lines and different parts of W. somnifera. The average content of withanolide A in all hair roots lines were 1.96 times as high as that in wild-plant, the concentration of withanolide A in hair roots (1.783 mg x g(-1) dry weight) were 1.51 times as high as the roots of wild W. somnifera (1.180 mg x g(-1) dry weight), respectively. It is possible to obtain withanolide A from hair roots culture of W. somnifera.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; physiology ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; biosynthesis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Withania ; chemistry ; growth & development ; metabolism ; microbiology ; Withanolides ; analysis ; metabolism

BACKGROUND: The important pathological changes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is disruption of the lung alveolar-capillary membrane barrier and resultant pulmonary edema associated with a proteinaceous alveolar exudate. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are able to carry on dividing and renewing themselves, and can eventually develop into many other types of cells. This provides a new treatment for treating injury of lungs.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevention of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rabbit by BMSCs.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal study was performed at the Central Laboratory of Tangdu Hospital from October 2007 to January 2008.MATERIALS: A total of 20 rabbits were used in this study. Two rabbits were utilized to culture BMSCs. Eighteen rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups, saline control group, acute lung injury group and cell transplantation group (n = 6). Endotoxin was purchased from Sigma, USA.METHODS: Rabbit BMSCs were isolated and cultured by the Ficoll method. At the third passage, BMSCs were harvested for use.In the acute lung injury and call transplantation groups, endotoxin was infused into the trachea to establish models of acute lung injury/ARDS. Thirty minutes following model establishment, 2 mL BMSC suspension (1 x 105) was infused into the right jugular vein in the cell transplantation group. An equal volume of saline was injected into the saline control and acute lung injury groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of neutrophilic granulocyte, wet to dry weight ratio of lung tissue, protein content and pathological changes in lung tissue in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were measured.RESULTS: The increase in wet to dry weight ratio indicated the existence of pulmonary edema. The increase in neutrophilic granulocyte number suggested severe inflammatory reaction. The increased protein content showed the damage to lung alveolar-capillary membrane barrier. Following 48 hours of transplantation, neutrophilic granulocyte number and protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and wet to dry weight ratio was significantly increased (P < 0.01) in the acute lung injury group compared with the saline control group. Compared with the acute lung injury group,neutrophilic granulocyte number and protein content was significantly increased (P < 0.01), and wet to dry weight ratio was significantly diminished (P < 0.01) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the call transplantation group. Hematoxylin-eosin staining suggested that pulmonary alveoli was normal in the saline control group, presented typical acute lung injury in the acute lung injury group, and the pathological changes were mild in the cell transplantation group.CONCLUSION: BMSC transplantation can significantly reduce endotoxin-induced acute lung injury.

The study of brain-machine interfaces ( BMI) based on humans or animals is expected to improve the living conditions of patients with brain injury, nervous system disease and limb movement disorders.Considerable progress has been made over the past ten years, which is gradually being used to address the long-term and stability issues of BMIs technology.The result of study on safety and security of BMIs has led to the appearance of brain control animals.In this paper, the development of BMI technology and the application prospects of brain control animals are reviewed.

Objective To investigate the clinical outcomes of using modified antegrade digital artery island flap for the treatment of the severely flexion contracture of the burned finger.Methods Between August,2013 to August,2015,21 patients (21 fingers) with severely flexion contracture of the burned finger were hospitalized for treatment.According to the Stren classification standard for the interphalangeal joint flexion contracture,all the patients were rated as type Ⅲ.The volar soft-tissue defect with exposed tendons,nerves,vessels or bone ranged from 1.0 cm × 2.0 cm to 2.5 cm × 4.0 cm after scar relaxation.The artery and the nerve defect were 1.5 to 4.5 cm and 2.0 to 4.2 cm,respectively.The wound were reconstructed with the modified antegrade digital artery island flap.The dorsal branches of the proper digital nerve of the flap were anastomosised with the proper digital nerve of the wound.The flap donor site was resurfaced with full-thickness skin grafting from inner aspect of the forearm.All the cases were called back for postoperative follow-up.Results All the reconstructed fingers and flaps survived completely without vascular problems.The donor skin graft survived and wound healed by first intention.All the patients were followed up with 11.5 months (range,6-22 months).The finger appearance was satisfactory.The texture and color of flaps in all cases were good.There was no pigmentation and contraction relapse.The contracted fingers received no cold intolerance.At the final examination,the average values of static 2-point discrimination were 5.2 mm (range,4.3-6.5 mm) of the flap.In the series,based on the Michigan Hand Outcome Questionnaire,18 patients were strongly satisfied with the injured finger appearance and 3 patients satisfied with the appearance.Conclusion The modified antegrade digital artery island flap,which is easy to raise with large flap size and can result with the good finger appearance and function,is an ideal technique for reconstruction of the severe flexion contracture of the burned finger.

Objective To investigate the regulation of protein kinase C(PKC) to the expression of β-1,4-galactusyhransferase- Ⅰ ( β-1,4-GalT- Ⅰ ) and the influence on cytoskeleton and adherence ability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) when stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Cultured HUVECs were pretreated by various PKC inhibitors or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acctate( PMA), an excitomotor of PKC respectively for 30 min, then stimulated by LPS for 4 h. β-1,4-GalT-Ⅰ expression were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot, expression of β-1,4-galactosylated carbohydrate chains and cytoskeleton were assayed by immumofluorescence, and adherence ability of HUVECs was observed by endothelialmonocyte cell adherence test. Results Up-regulated expression of β-1,4-GalT- Ⅰ and β-1,4-galactosylated carbohydrate chains in HUVECs stimulated by LPS were suppressed by PKC inhibitors and increased by PMA. F-actin and β-1,4-GalT- Ⅰ were partly co-localized in HUVECs. PKC inhibitor inhibited the effect of LPS on the distribution of F-actin and β-1,4-GalT- Ⅰ. Adherence ability of HUVECs enhanced by LPS was significantly suppressed by PKC inhibitor. Conclusion PKC signal transduction pathway may participate in regulating β-1,4-GalT-Ⅰ expression in endothelial cells stimulated by LPS. Furthermore, polytypes of PKC may participate in this regulating process; PKC might regulate cytoskeleton reorganization and adherence ability of EC through β-1,4-GalT-Ⅰ during inflammation.