Bile reflux is not only related to diseases such as gastritis,esophagitis,pharyngitis,chorditis,bronchitis and pneumonia,but also related to residual gastric ulcer,residual gastric cancer,intestinal metaplasia,dysplasia and carcinogenesis. Risk factors related to bile reflux include various operation modes, various anastomosis methods, gallbladder stone, cholecystectomy and various non-operative factors such as age, gender, allergy, mental and psychological factors,congenital factors. This article reviewed the advances in study on risk factors related to bile reflux.

Objective To investigate the morphological difference of spinal single vertebral tuberculosis and metastasis by means of CT.Methods CT features of 16 cases of single vertebral tuberculosis and 17 cases of single vertebral metastasis which were proven by clinically and/or pathology, were retrospectively analyzed,and then the CT differential criteria of the two categories of diseases was recommended.Results The reliable CT findings for vertebral tuberculosis were as follows: involvement of anteriomedial potion of vatebral body,presence of sequstra in lesion ,marginal sclerosis in the edge of lesion,calcification within paravertebralmass or abscesses ,only edge enhancement of more of paravertebralmass.Metastasis was characterized by involvement of posteriomedial portion of vertebral bone,absence of sequestra within lesion ,no calcification within paravertebralmass.Both of them had normal intervertebral disc.Conclusion The different CT features of the single vertebral tuberculosis and metastasis are helpful in differerntiating diagnosis ,the morphological change of intervertebral discs is not helpful in differerntiating diagnosis .

Aged ; Humans ; Lung Diseases, Fungal ; complications ; microbiology ; Male ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications

Objective To observe the safety and efficacy of FOLFOX4 regiment in elderly versus young patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Methods There were 61 patients enrolled in this study, with 28 elderly patients aged 70 years and over, 33 young patients aged less than 70 years.They suffered from advanced/recurrent colorectal cancer and received FOLFOX4 regiment (Oxaliplatin +CF+5-FU). Every 14 days were as a cycle, and the therapeutic safety and efficacy were evaluated after three cycles. Adverse events and response to treatment were compared between the elderly and young patients. Results The main adverse effects were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal disturbance and neurotoxicity. The incidence rate of diarrhea was significantly higher in elderly patients than in young patients, but the most of diarrhea were at grade Ⅰ - Ⅱ. The incidence rates of leucocyte decrease and neutrophil decrease were higher in elderly patients than in young patients (92. 8% vs. 78. 8%, 39.3% vs. 36.3%), but there were no statistically significant differences between them. The incidence rate of neurotoxicity was 46.5% in elderly patients and 36.4% in young patients (P＞0. 05). The recent efficacy rate was 25%, disease control rate was 71.4% and median time-to-progression (TTP) was 6 months in elderly patients and 24.2%, 84.8% and 7 months in young patients (all P＞0.05). Conclusions FOLFOX4 regiment is well-tolerated and effective in both young and elderly patients.

Objective To discuss the treatment of cranialfacial fibrous dysplasia. Methods The treatment of 10 cases of cranialfacial fibrous dysplasia was analyzed. Results The cosmetic deformity was corrected in all the cases.No new symptom of nervous system occurred. Conclusion It is important to carry out the correct surgical plan according to patients' age,location,mono-or poly-ostotic form of fibrous dysplasia,presence or absence of functional limitations,and aesthetic problem.

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; adverse effects ; trends ; Diagnostic Errors ; Female ; Genes, BRCA2 ; physiology ; Humans

Angelica ; chemistry ; Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Cell Count ; Female ; Fetal Hypoxia ; pathology ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male ; Neuroglia ; cytology ; Neurons ; cytology ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Protein Kinase C (PKC) is an important messenger in intracellular signal transduction. So far, at least 11 members of PKC isoforms have been isolated and purified. The mutation of the non-synonymous SNP (1425G/A) of the η isoform of protein kinase C (PKC η), a protein kinase Cη gene (PRKCH) may result in the increased PKCη activity, which is considered as a new risk factor for lacunar infarction. In recent years, the studies about the role of PRKCH in cell differentiation and apoptosis and its relation with some signal transduction pathways have made some new advances, especially, PKCη participates in the regulation of some key enzyme activity that mitogen-activated protein kinase, inducible nitric oxide-synthase and matrix metalloproteinase are closely correlated with the process of atherosclerosis. It will provide a new way of thinking for the clinical intervention of cerebral infarction in the future.

Objective To study the expression of gastrin receptor in 4 HCC cell lines and tis-sues and their relation to clinieopathological features. Methods Immunohistochemical staining of GR was performed for the 4 HCC cell lines and the paraffin sections of 25 HCC cases. The relationship be-tween the GR expression in HCC sections and the clinicopatho[ogical parameters were analyzed. Results Positive staining for GR in the 3 HCC SMMC-7721>HepG2>QGY-7701 cell lines and HCC tissues was observed. The expression rate of gastrin receptor was 56 % (14/25). However, there was no association between expression of GR and elinieopathologieal features such as age, gender and clini-cal stage etc except for tumor thrombosis. Concision GR exists in the HCC. Futher study is needed to identify whether GR is a applicable target for endocrine therapy in HCC.

In order to lower the purchasing prices of drugs, prevent unhealthy tendencies that might arise in the process of drug circulation in the hospital, and reduce the financial burdens of patients, our hospital started from March 1997 the practice of purchasing drugs through open tender. The measures adopted include: ①establishment of a leading group in charge of drug purchases and a drug purchasing group; ②formulation and earnest implementation of the system of purchasing drugs through open tender, making “five checks”; ③standardization of the scope of routine drugs used in the hospital; and ④adherence to the system of examination and approval by the Drug Management Committee when introduction of new drugs is being considered. Since the adoption of the system of purchasing drugs through tender, the purc hasing prices of drugs have on the average dropped 14.7% and the drug expenses for single entity diseases have been lowered.