OBJECTIVE:To prepare Xielong liquor and establish its quality control.METHODS:Xielong liquor was prepared by classic merceration.Paeonia lactiflora in the formulation was identified by TLC,and the content of the active component ferulaic acid was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The preparation was yellowish-brown in color and its TLC spots were clear and well-isolated.The linear range of ferulaic acid was 3.66～36.64 mg?L-1(r=0.999 8)and its the average recovery was 100.47%(RSD=0.84%,n=15).CONCLUSION:The preparation technology of Xielong liquor is simple and feasible and the quality of the preparation is stable and controllable,thus the established standard is applicable for the quality control of Xielong Liquor.

Objective To evaluate the effects of propofol,etomidate and midazolam on gap junction function in rats in vitro and in vivo.Methods Experiment Ⅰ NRK52E cells were seeded in 6-well plates with the density of 1.0 × 105/ml and randomly divided into 4 groups (n =6 wells each):control group (group C),propofol group (group P),etomidate group (group E) and midazolam group (group M).In group C,NRK52E cells were cultured in DMEM-F12 culture medium containing 10％ fetal bovine serum.In P,E and M groups,propofol,etomidate and midazolam (with the final concentrations of 15,8 and 4μmol/L,respectively) were added to the culture medium,respectively,and the cells were then incubated for 1 h.Parachute dye-coupling assay was used to measure the gap junction function in NRK52E cells.Experiment Ⅱ Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2 months,weighing 220-280 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =6 each):propofol group (group P),etomidate group (group E),midazolam group (group M),and control group (group C).In P,E and M groups,propofol 100 mg/kg,etomidate 6 mg/kg and midazolam 5 mg/kg were injected intraperitoneally once a day for 3 consecutive days,respectively.The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C.The animals were sacrificed at 30 min after the last administration and the renal cortex was harvested to measure the gap junction function using tissue scrape and load assay.Results Compared with group C,the gap junction function was significantly decreased in P and E groups (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the gap junction function in group M (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Propofol and etomidate significantly inhibit the gap junction function in NRK52E cells and renal tissues in rats,but midazolam produces no effect.

Objective To study the advantage of using axillary fascia swelling in cleaning the lymph nodes in modified radical mastectomy. Methods 866 patients with breast cancer collected from June 2005 to June 2011 were divided into the observation group (578 cases, axilla-ry fascia swelling method) and the control group (288 cases, standard operation method), and the postoperative complications of the two groups were compared. Results In the observation group, there were 8 cases (1. 4%) of upper limb lymphatic edema, 13 cases (2. 2%) of chest wall and upper limb paresthesia, and 8 cases (1. 4%) of lymphatic leakage. The complications of the observation group were significantly reduced compared with the control group (P<0. 05), and there was no increase in the local recurrence rate (P<0. 05). Conclusion Axillary fascia swell-ing applied in cleaning lymph nodes could obviously reduce the postoperative complications after modified radical mastectomy.

Objective To evaluate the application value of ultrasound-guided Mammotome minimally invasive surgery system in non-palpable breast lesions.Methods A total of 325 lesions of 245 patients with breast lumps by ultrasound examination were under ultrasound-guided Mammotome minimally invasive surgery system.Results Accurate and complete resection of all of the 325 breast lumps was achieved,5 lesions with hematoma,the incidence rate was 1.54％ (5/325).The pathologic diagnoses included:fibro-adenoma (172 lesions),intraductal papilloma (8 lesions),fibroadenosis (87 lesions),fibro-cystic adenosis (56 lesions),invasive ductal carcinoma (2 lesions).Conclusion The application of ultrasound-guided Mammotome minimally invasive surgery system in non-palpable beast lesions has advantages of accurate positioning,minimally invasive,beautiful.

[Objective]This study was designed to observe the effects of endotoxin(LPS)on the growth activity and gap junction(GJ)of NRK52E cells.[Methods]The NRK52E cells were divided into control group and LPS groups,and the NRK52E cells in LPS groups were treated with LPS 10 ng/mL,50 ng/mL,100 ng/mL,500 ng/mL,and 1 000 ng/mL for 24 h respectively.The NRK52E cells growth activity was measured through MTT method,and the function of gap junction of NRK52E cells was measured through the method of fluoroimmunoassay.The protein expression of connexin 43(Cx43)in control group,LPS 10 ng/mL group,and LPS 100 ng/mL group were also determined by Western blotting.[Results]①Compared with control group and LPS 10 ng/mL group,The NRK52E cells growth activity decreased significantly in LPS 50 ng/mL,100 ng/mL,500 ng/mL,and 1 000 ng/mL groups(P＜0.01).②Compared with control group,the function of GJ decreased significantly in LPS 100 ng/mL,500 ng/mL,and 1 000 ng/mL groups(P＜0.01).③There were negative correlations among the concentration of LPS and NRK52E cells growth activity and GJ function respectively(r=-0.941,-0.872,P＜0.01).④Compared with control group,the protein expression of Cx43 were decreased significantly in LPS 10 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL groups(P＜0.01).[Conclusions]LPS can inhibit the NRK52E cells growth activity in a dose-depend manner.GJ function is one of the mechanisms.

AIM: To study the changes of serum levels of nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in patients during liver transplantation. METHODS: Samples were obtained from 30 patients in end liver disease at five time points during liver transplantation. NO level and NOS activity were measured by radioimmunoassay and colorimetry, respectively. Arterial and mixed venous blood samples used for blood gas analysis were taken at the same time. Intrapulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) was calculated according to the standard formula. The hemodynamics parameters including continuous cardic output (CO), HR, MABP, CVP, SVR were measured during liver transplantation. RESULTS: (1) NO_2-/NO_3-level at 10 min before anhepatic period was significantly higher than the baseline level. Compared with NO_2-/NO_3-level at 10 min before anhepatic period, NO_2-/NO_3-level at 30 min after anhepatic period was significantly decreased. NO_2-/NO_3-level at 30 min after neohepatic period was significantly higher than the baseline level and at 30 min after anhepatic period. (2) No significant change of tNOS activity was observed. Compared with the baseline activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), the activity at 10 min before anhepatic period and at 30 min after neohepatic period was significantly increased. The activity at 30 min after neohepatic period was significantly higher than that at 30 min after anhepatic period. (3) MABP decreased significantly when opening the inferior vena cava. CO and CVP decreased in the anhepatic stage and increased in the reperfusion stage. SVR increased during anhepatic stage and decreased significantly during neohepatic period. (4) Qs/Qt decreased significantly during anhepatic stage and increased significantly at 30 min after neohepatic period. CONCLUSIONS: Serum level of NO and NOS activity are significantly changed during liver transplantation. High level of NO may result in low systemic vascular resistance and increasing in intrapulmonary shunt.

AIM: To study the changes of serum levels of thromboxane A_2(TXA_2) and prostacyclin(PGI_2) in cirrhosis patients during liver transplantation.METHODS: Samples were obtained from 24 cirrhosis patients in end at five time points during liver transplantation.TXA_2 and PGI_2 level were measured by radioimmunoassay.Arterial and mixed venous blood samples used for blood gas analysis were taken at the same time.Intrapulmonary shunt(Qs/Qt) was calculated according to the standard formula.The hemodynamics parameters including continuous cardiac output index(CI),HR,mean artery blood pressure(MABP),MPAP,CVP,PAWP,SVRI,PVRI were measured during liver transplantation.RESULTS:(1) MABP decreased significantly in the early stage of anhepatic period and neohepatic period.(2) CVP,MPAP and PAWP decreased significantly during anhepatic period.They increased significantly after graft reperfusion and remain the high level.(3) CI declined significantly during anhepatic period and increased at 10 min postreperfusion of new liver.(4) SVRI and PVRI increased during anhepatic period and were higher than baseline level at 15 min after reperfusion.SVRI was lower than baseline level at 30 min after reperfusion.(5) Compared with the baseline level,6-keto-PGF1? and TXB_2 increased significantly.Compared with the level before vascular cross-clamping,6-keto-PGF1? decreased during neohepatic period and it had significant difference in statistics at the end of operation.CONCLUSION: Serum levels of TXA_2 and PGI_2 significantly change during liver transplantation and may affect the system and pulmonary circulation to some extent.

Objective To investigate the changes in systemic and pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis and portopulmonary hypertension(PPH)during liver transplantation.Methods Eight patients with liver cirrhosis and PPH(5 male,3 female)aged 50-63 yr weighing 45-80 kg were included in PPH group. Another 8 liver-cirrhotic patients without PPH served as control group.The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1 g and atropine 0.5 mg.Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 3-5 mg,fentanyl 0.15-0.2 mg,propefol 1 mg?kg~(-1) and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg~(-1) and maintained with 0.5%-3% isoflurane inhalation and intermittent Ⅳ boluses of fentanyl and vecuronium.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.P_(ET)CO_2 was maintained at 30-45 mm Hg.Right subclavian vein was cannulated for fluid and drug administration and blood transfusion.Radial artery was cannulated for BP monitoring.Swan-Ganz catheter was placed via right internal jugular vein.BP,CVP,MPAP,PAWP,CI,PVRI and SVRI were monitored and recorded before operation(baseline),during preanhepatic phase,at 3 and 30 min of anhepatic phase and 3,7, 15,60 min of neohepatic phase and at the end of operation.Results(1)The two groups were comparable with respect to fluid balance,the amount of vasoactive drugs used during anhepatic and neohepatic phase,duration of anhepatic phase and operation.(2)MPAP and PVRI were significantly higher before operation in PPH group than in control group.(3)CI,MPAP, PAWP and CVP were siguificanfly decreased during anhepatic phase as compared to the baseline values(before operation)in both groups and then gradually returned to and even exceeded the baseline values during neohepatic phase.(4)During neohepatic phase PVRI in PPH group was significantly increased as compared to the baseline value and was significantly higher than that in control group.Conclusion MPAP and PVRI are significantly increased during neohepatic phase in patients with PPH and need to be treated.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients infected with Brucella Melitensis ( B. Melitensis) type 1 and type 3 in Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Methods:A retrospective analysis method was used to collect clinical medical records of patients with brucellosis admitted to Hulunbuir People's Hospital from June 2013 to August 2017, and 71 patients with brucellosis positive in blood culture and identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and AMOS-PCR were selected as the study subjects. According to the identification results, they were divided into B. Melitensis type 1 and type 3 groups. General information, epidemiological characteristics, clinical characteristics, laboratory examinations, complications and efficacy of the two groups were compared. Results:Among 71 patients with brucellosis, 22 cases were B. Melitensis type 1, including 16 males and 6 females, aged (39.91 ± 16.04) years old; 49 cases were B. Melitensis type 3, including 34 males and 15 females, aged (40.67 ± 18.72) years old. There were no significant differences in gender composition and age between the two groups (χ 2 = 0.081, t = 0.166, P > 0.05). There were 10 cases(45.5%) of B. Melitensis type 1 patients living in agricultural areas, 10 cases (45.5%) in pastoral areas, and 2 cases (9.1%) in cities; there were 40 cases (81.6%) of B. Melitensis type 3 patients living in agricultural areas, 7 cases (14.3%) in pastoral areas and 2 cases (4.1%) in cities, and the difference between regions was statistically significant (χ 2 = 9.276, P < 0.05). Testicular swelling and pain symptoms [22.7% (5/22), 6.1% (3/49)] in B. Melitensis type 1 and type 3 patients were compared, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 4.187, P < 0.05); other clinical features were compared, the differences were not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in white blood cell count (WBC) and platelet count (PLT) decreased, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased between the two groups ( P > 0.05). The number of complications in B. Melitensis type 1 and type 3 patients were 12 cases (54.5%) and 14 cases (28.6%), respectively, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ 2 = 4.413, P < 0.05). Ten cases (45.5%) of B. Melitensis type 1 patients were cured, 12 cases (54.5%) were improved, 34 cases (69.4%) of B. Melitensis type 3 patients were cured, 15 cases (30.6%) were improved, and there were no invalid or relapsed patients in both groups, the difference in curative effect between the two groups was statistically significant (χ 2 = 3.690, P < 0.05). Conclusions:In Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, there are differences in the living areas of B. Melitensis type 1 and type 3 patients. The B. Melitensis type 1 patients are prone to testicular swelling and pain and brucellosis complications.

Objective To investigate the associations of cognitive function with apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphism and chronic diseases among long-lived people in Zhongxiang City of Hubei Province.Methods A total of 110 long-lived elderly residents aged 90 years and over were collected.Their cognitive function was determined face-to-face using questionnaires by trained interviewers.According to mini-mental state examination(MMSE) scores,subjects were divided into a no dementia risk group and a high dementia risk group.General demographic characteristics,activities of daily living,depression state and nutrition status were compared between the two groups.Correlations of dementia with APOE gene polymorphism and chronic diseases were analyzed.Results The average MMSE score was 22.3±4.8.Among the 110 long-lived people,18 cases had a high risk for dementia,accounting for 16.4％,and 92 cases had no risk of dementia,accounting for 83.6％.The risk of dementia in long-lived elderly people was correlated with activities of daily living,mental state,nutritional status and falls(all P＜0.05).There were 8 cases with the APOE gene ε4/ε3 genotype in the high dementia risk group and 16 cases with the APOE gene ε4/e3 genotype in the no dementia risk group,with the former group showing a higher frequency of the APOE ε4/ε3 genotype (44.4％ vs.17.4％,x2 =6.46,P＜0.05).The former group also seemed to have a higher APOE ε4 frequency,but the difference was not statistically significant(22.2 ％ vs.10.3 ％,x2 =3.96,P =0.055)Chronic diseases prevalent in the long-lived people were hypertension(86 cases,78.2 ％),hearing loss (72 cases,65.5％),hyperlipidemia(56 cases,50.9％),anemia(43 cases,39.1％),impaired vision(39 cases,35.5 ％),chronic kidney diseases(25 cases,22.7 ％),chronic heart diseases (18 cases,16.4 ％) and osteoarthritis(18 cases,16.4％).No correlation was found between the risk of dementia and chronic diseases(P＞0.05).Conclusions Cognitive function is highly correlated with activities of daily living,mental state and nutritional status among long-lived elderly people in Zhongxiang City.The risk of dementia has a correlation with the APOE gene e4/e3 genotype but not with chronic diseases in long-lived people.