Objective To observe the serum γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GGT) levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in different immune status and investigate their relationship with HBV DNA loads and ALT levels. Methods Blood samples were collected from 191 patients with chronic HBV infection in different immune status, including inactive HBV carrier state (group B,n = 55), immune tolerance phase (group C, n=47), HBeAg-negative CHB (group D, n =17), immune-reactive phase (group E, n=72) and 61 healthy individuals ( group A) for the detection of the serum γ-GGT, ALT level and HBV DNA loads. Results γ-GGT level were obviously higher in groups D and E than those in groups of A, B and C (P<0.01). Correlation analysis showed that the γ-GGT levels were positively correlated with serum ALT , AST levels in HBeAg-negative CHB and immune-reactive phase , but not correlated with HBV DNA loads. Conclusions The levels of γ-GGT are different during different immune status in patients with chronic HBV infection. The increased serum γ-GGT level may be an indicator for patients with chronic HBV infection entering immune active phase. The liver inflammation is the major impact factor to the γ-GGT levels.

Objective:To investigate the expression and prognostic value of glycolytic metabolism related methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) in resectable primary liver cancer.Methods:The METTL3 mRNA expression data, clinicopathological data and prognostic information of 364 patients with primary liver cancer and 50 healthy normal liver tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, and gene set enrichment analysis was performed. Then the tissue samples of 239 patients with primary liver cancer who underwent radical hepatectomy in Chongqing Armed Police Corps Hospital from January 2016 to may 2019 were selected. Among them, 110 cases contained matched normal liver tissue adjacent to the cancer. The expression of METTL3 protein was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was drawn, and log-rank test was used for comparison; Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the risk factors affecting the prognosis in patients with primary liver cancer.Results:TCGA database analysis result showed that the expression level of METTL3 mRNA in liver cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal liver tissue: 3.72 (3.19, 4.03) vs. 2.45 (2.11, 2.68), and there was statistical difference ( P = 0.007); Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the median overall survival time and disease-free survival time in patients with high expression of METTL3 mRNA were significantly shorter than those in patients with low expression of METTL3 mRNA (43.0 months vs. 72.0 months and 22.0 months vs. 38.0 months, HR = 1.7 and 1.4, P = 0.002 and 0.024). Gene set enrichment analysis result showed that METTL3 mRNA was related to impaired glucose metabolism. In the clinical sample study, the positive expression rate of METTL3 protein in liver cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in normal liver tissue adjacent to cancer: 54.55% (60/110) vs. 14.55% (16/110), and there was statistical difference ( χ2 = 38.92, P<0.01). Among 239 patients with primary liver cancer, 132 cases (55.23%) had positive expression of METTL3 protein in liver cancer tissue, and 107 cases had negative expression. Compared with METTL3 protein negative patients, METTL3 protein positive patients had higher body mass index; higher TNM stage, BCLC stage and tissue grade; more lesions; larger tumor sizes; more common satellite nodules; higher leukocyte count, platelet count and neutrophil count, and there were statistical differences ( P<0.05 or <0.01). Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the median overall survival time and disease-free survival time in patients with METTL3 protein positive were significantly shorter than those in patients with METTL3 negative (18.0 months vs. 38.0 months and 13.0 months vs. 27.0 months, P<0.01). Univariate and multivariate Cox analysis result showed that METTL3 protein positive in liver cancer tissue was an independent risk factor affecting overall survival time and disease-free survival time ( HR = 1.840 and 2.096, 95% CI 1.298 to 2.608 and 1.469 to 2.991, P<0.01). Conclusions:METTL3 is involved in glycolytic metabolism of primary liver cancer, and can be used as a promising biomarker to evaluate the prognosis of patients with primary liver cancer.

Objective:To investigate the impact of early removal of nasogastric tubes on functional recovery after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients, to provide scientific evidence for enhanced recovery after surgery strategies in gastric cancer.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 102 gastric cancer patients who underwent total gastrectomy at Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated with the Capital Medical University from March 2018 to July 2022. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether the gastric tube was removed within 24 hours post-operation: the early removal group (within 24 hours, 55 patients) and the non-early removal group (beyond 24 hours, 47 patients). The recovery outcomes, including time to first flatus, time to fluid intake, length of hospital stay, and the incidence of postoperative complications, were compared between the two groups. Non-normally distributed data were expressed as M( Q1, Q3) and compared using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Categorical data were expressed as frequencies or percentages and compared using the chi-square test or Fisher′s exact test. To minimize the impact of potential confounders, multivariable linear regression and logistic regression analyses adjusted for propensity scores were further employed to compare quantitative and qualitative data between the groups. Statistical analyses were performed using R software. Results:The exhaust time, water intake time, and hospital stay in the early removal group were 3.0(2.0, 3.5) days, 4.0(3.0, 5.0) days, and 7.0(7.0, 8.0) days, respectively, while those in the non-early removal group were 4.0(3.0, 5.0) days, 6.0(5.0, 7.0) days, and 8.0(7.5, 11.0) days, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups ( P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (5.45% vs 17.02%, P=0.060). Propensity score-adjusted regression analysis suggested that early tube removal might reduce the risk of postoperative complications ( P=0.042). Conclusion:Early removal of nasogastric tubes can significantly accelerate functional recovery after total gastrectomy for gastric cancer patients and may reduce the risk of postoperative complications, providing important clinical guidance for enhanced recovery after surgery management in gastric cancer.