Objective To observe the effect of rosuvastatin and memantine on EPC and learning or memory ability in VaD rats .Methods Forty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group ,VaD model group ,memantine treatment group ,rosuvastatin treatment group , and memantine+rosuvastatin treatment group (combined treatment group) (8 in each group) .A VaD model was established by permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries .The ani‐mals in rosuvastatin treatment group ,memantine treatment group and combined treatment group received gastric rosuvastatin 10 mg/(kg · d) ,memantine 10 mg/(kg · d) and memantine 10 mg/(kg · d)+rosuvastatin 10 mg/(kg · d) for 4 weeks while those in model group received gastric normal saline .Five weeks after operation ,the learning or memory ability was tested by Morris water maze test ,the escape latency and percentage of target quadrant were calculated ,the circulat‐ing EPC were detected by flow cytometry ,and the MVD in hippocampaus was assyed with vWF immunostaining .Results Five weeks after operation ,the learning or memory ability was signifi‐cantly lower in model group than in sham operation group (P< 0 .01) whereas the learning or memory ability ,the percentage of circulating EPC and the MVD in hippocampus were significantly higher in 3 treatment groups than in model group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Rosuvastatin and me‐mantine can effectively improve the learning or memory ability of VaD rats by mobilizing their cir‐culating EPC and increasing the MVD in their hippocampus .However ,the effect of memantine or rosuvastatin does not differ greatly w hen they are used alone .

Objective To observe the expression of caspase-3 on the trehalose as cryoprotectant for preserving aortic valve homograft in liquid nitrogen.Methods The aortic valve homograft was divided into 5groups,namely:0.1 mol/L DMSO(control group),0.1 mol/L trehalose(experimental group 1),0.1 mol/L trehalose+0.1 mol/L DMSO(experimental group 2),0.2 mol/L trehalose+0.1 mol/L DMSO(experimental group 3),0.3 mol/L trehalose+0.1 mol/L DMSO(experimental group4).At the time of 12 months,15 months and 18 months when preserved in liquid nitrogen,relative expression of caspase-3 of the aortic valve homograft was measured by RT-PCR and Western Blot.Fresh group was a negative control group.Results At the same time(P<0.05),the expression of caspase-3 of fresh aortic tissue was slightest.The experimental group 2 was in accord with the experiment group 3,which was of a sort compare with the fresh group.The experimental group 4,which was worse than the experimental group 2 and 3,ranked above the experimental group 1.The worst was the control group.Conclusions The joint use of trehalose and DMSO could well inhibit the expression of caspase-3.Moreover.0.1mol/L trehalose+0.1 mol/L DMSO and 0.2 mol/L trehalose +0.1 mol/L DMSO could maximize the inhibition of the expression of caspase-3.

Pine pollen is a kind of Chinese materia medica with the homology of medicine and food, rich in a variety of nutrients and bioactive ingredients. It has the efficacy of hemostasis by convergence and eliminating dampness and astringing sores. Research showed that pine pollen is able to protect certain organs, regulate metabolism, enhance immunity and resist antioxidation and aging. This article reviewed pine pollen related research from the aspects of main components, pharmacological effects and clinical application, in order to provide references for further study and development and utilization.

As a common Tibetan medicine, Potentilla anserine L. is a kind of important Chinese materia medica, which is mainly distributed in Gansu, Qinghai and Tibet Provinces. As the active constituent from Potentilla anserine L., potentilla anserine polysaccharide has received initial research by researchers in abroad and at home. It is suggested that potentilla anserine polysaccharide exhibits various functions including antioxidation, anti-aging, immunoregulation, inhibiting bacteria and anti-diabetic. This article reviewed the research on extraction, purification and bioactivities of potentilla anserine polysaccharide, which is expected to provide ideas for the further study and research and development.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and influencing factors of arterial switch operation (ASO) in the treatment of complete transposition of great arteries (TGA).Methods Totally 156 children with TGA who underwent ASO surgery from January 2005 to December 2011 were selected as the subjects.The clinical curative effect and prognosis of all patients were observed,and the relationship be tween clinical features and prognosis was analyzed.Results Totally 156 cases of TGA children were successfully completed the operation,and 29 patients died during the 5 year follow-up period,the mortality rate was 18.59％.Univariate analysis showed that the death in children with TGA after ASO was closely related to coronary artery abnormality,cardiopulmonary bypass time,aortic occlusion time,postoperative low cardiac output syndrome and reoperation (P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that coronary artery abnormalities,and low cardiac output syndrome were independent outcome factors leading to postoperative death in patients.Conclusions The postoperative death of ASO in TGA children is closely related to the incidence of coronary artery abnormalities,the time of cardiopulmonary bypass,the time of oc clusion of aorta and the occurrence of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome,which should be pay attention to and take relevant measures.

Objective To explore the risk factors affecting prognosis of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery, furthermore, to assess severity and keep alarm earlier. Methods A retrospective study was conducted. The clinical data of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University from January 1st 2014 to December 31st 2018 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) and the worst laboratory examination within 24 hours after ICU admission, and the duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, using continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), accepting vasoactive agents such as norepinephrine, dopamine or dobutamine and blood products such as red blood cells, plasma or platelets were recorded. The patients were divided into survival group and dead group based on discharge prognosis, and the difference in clinical data between the two groups was compared. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the risk factors affecting the prognosis of critically ill patients following cardiac surgery, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to analyze the predictive value of these risk factors. Results In total, 97 patients after cardiac operation were admitted to ICU during the five years. Thirty-two patients were excluded owing to age less than 16 years old, no more than 24 hours of the length of ICU stay, without the outcomes of myocardium enzymes or myocardium markers within the first 24 hours or admitted only for pacemaker. Finally, 65 patients met the criteria, with 40 survived and 25 died. Compared with survival group, APACHEⅡ scores, the level of serum uric acid, serum creatinine (SCr), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), procalcitonin (PCT) and the rate of patients accepting CRRT, vasoactive agents and blood products in dead group were significantly increased with significant differences; however, there was no statistically difference in gender, age, body weight index (BMI), distribution of types of cardiac surgery, ratio of patients suffered from hypertension and diabetes, mean arterial pressure (MAP), white blood cell (WBC), coagulation, length of ICU stay, or duration of mechanical ventilation between the two groups. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that APACHEⅡ scores [odds ratio (OR) = 1.123, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 1.004-1.257, P = 0.043] and cTnT (OR = 1.496, 95%CI = 1.038-2.158, P = 0.031) were the independent risk factors for prognosis of critical ill patients following cardiac surgery. ROC curve analysis showed that APACHEⅡ score and cTnT had predictive value for prognosis of critical ill patients following cardiac surgery, the best was exerted when APACHEⅡ score combined with cTnT, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.839, the joint prediction probability was 0.42, the sensitivity was 80.0%, and the specificity was 64.0%. Conclusion APACHEⅡscore and cTnT may be one of independent risk factors for prognosis of critical ill patients following cardiac surgery, and there will be far more greater predictive value when APACHEⅡ score combined with cTnT.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the antineoplastic effects of 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) combined with Taxol on orthotopically transplanted breast cancer in C3H mice and explore the mechanism.

METHODSC3H mice bearing orthotopically transplanted breast cancer xenograft were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely the control group, 2-DG group, Taxol group, and 2-DG+Taxol group. The corresponding drugs were administered intraperitoneally every 3 days for 18 consecutive days, and the tumor volume was measured every 3 days to draw the tumor growth curve. The mice were then sacrificed to measure the tumor weight on day 19 and examine tumor cell apoptosis with TUNEL assay and VEGF expression using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS2-DG combined with Taxol obviously suppressed the tumor growth with a tumor inhibition rate of 66.06% as compared to the rate of 36.97% in Taxol group. The combined treatment also caused more obvious cell apoptosis and significantly reduced VEGF expression in the tumor cells as compared with the other groups.

CONCLUSION2-DG can enhance the inhibitory effect of Taxol on orthotopically transplanted breast cancer xenograft in C3H mice probably by inducing tumor cell apoptosis and lowering VEGF expressions.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Apoptosis ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Deoxyglucose ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Drug Synergism ; Female ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Paclitaxel ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective To detect the molecular regulatory mechanism of co-treatment with LA and PCA on P38 MAPK signaling Pathway in the Neurons of Wilson's Disease Model-TX mice.Methods The neurons of TX suckling mice were isolated and cultured by primary method,and were divided into control group,model group,ALA group,PCA group and combined group.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of ROS and JC-1.Western blot was used to detect the expression of P38 MAPK,Cyt C,Caspase 9 and Caspase 3.Results Flow cytometry results showed that MFI of ROS was 59.29±1.22,53.19±1.34 and 52.46±1.23 in ALA,PCA and co-treatment.ALA,PCA and co-treatment could significantly reduce the release of ROS and enhance the fluorescence intensity of JC-1 (P＜0.01).Compared with ALA group and PCA group,combined group could reduce the release of ROS and significantly enhance the fluorescence intensity of JC-1.Western blot indicated that the expression levels of P38 MAPK,Cyt C,Caspase 9,Caspase 3 in the neurons of model group had a remarkable increase compared with control group.Compared with the model group,the three treatment groups could decrease the expression levels of P38 MAPK,Cyt C,Caspase 9 and Caspase 3 in the neurons of TX suckling mice (P＜0.01).Meanwhile,the protein levels of P38 MAPK,Cyt C,Caspase 9 and Caspase 3 had a significant decrease compared with ALA group and PCA group.Conclusion he present findings suggest that co-treatment with LA and PCA can increase the copper excretion,reduce copper-induced mitochondria damage and attenuate the neurotoxicity,which in turn decrease neuronal apoptosis and improve neurological impairment of WD.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the serological and molecular characteristics of a pedigree carrying an allele for ABO*BW.11 blood subgroup. METHODS: The ABO blood type of 9 pedigree members were determined by serological methods. Exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced. The patient and her father were also subjected to clone sequencing analysis. RESULTS: Serological tests demonstrated that the proband and her younger brother had an ABw subtype, whilst her father and two daughters had Bw subtype. Clone sequencing found that the exon 7 of the ABO gene of the proband had a T>C substitution at position 695, which was identified as a BW.11 allele compared with the reference sequence B.01. This BW.11 allele was also identified in the proband's father, brother and two daughters. Due to allelic competition, the A/BW.11 and BW.11/O alleles demonstrated significantly different phenotypes. CONCLUSION The c.695T>C substitution of the ABO gene may lead to allelic competition in the Bw11 subtype. Combined molecular and serological methods is helpful for precise blood grouping.
ABO Blood-Group System/genetics* ; Alleles ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Pedigree ; Phenotype

Objective:To study the efficacy and influencing factors of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in the treatment of cholesterol gallstone, so as to provide reference for the treatment of cholesterol gallstone by internal medicine.Methods:From March 1, 2017 to March 31, 2018, at outpatient department of gastroenterology of 9 Beijing medical centers including Peking University People′s Hospital, the Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing Huaxin Hospital, PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Peking University Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing Youan Hospital of Capital Medical University and Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Tongren Hospital of Capital Medical University, and Beijing Shijitan Hospital of Capital Medical University, the data of patients with cholesterol gallstone treated by UDCA were collected. The inclusion criteria were that the largest diameter of stone was ≤10 mm and the stone was not detected under X-ray. The treatment plan was taking UDCA orally for 6 months at a dose of 10 mg·kg -1·d -1. The basic information of patients, the ultrasound examination results before treatment and 6 months after treatment, and scores of biliary abdominal pain and dyspepsia symptom were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of the efficacy in gallstrone dissolution by UDCA, and Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for statistical analysis. Results:A total of 215 patients were enrolled. The complete dissolution rate of gallstone was 19.5% (42/215) and partial dissolution rate was 50.7% (109/215), and the total effective rate was 70.2% (151/215). The complete dissolution rate of sandy stone was significantly higher than that of lumped stones (37.0%(17/46) vs. 14.8%(25/169); OR=3.377, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.621 to 7.035, P=0.001). In lumped stones, the complete dissolution rate of the stones with diameter ≤5 mm was significantly higher than that of the stones with diameter >5 mm (37.5%(9/24) vs. 11.0%(16/145); OR=4.837, 95% CI 1.823 to 12.839, P=0.002). The complete dissolution rate of patients with higher body mass index ( OR=0.872, 95% CI 0.764 to 0.995, P=0.043) and longer disease course ( OR=0.942, 95% CI 0.912 to 0.973, P<0.001) was low. The results of multivariate logistic analysis indicated that long disease course of gallstone ( OR=0.940, 95% CI 0.908 to 0.974, P=0.001), rough gallbladder wall ( OR=0.438, 95% CI 0.200 to 0.962, P=0.040) and lumped stone ( OR=0.236, 95% CI 0.101 to 0.550, P=0.001) were independent risk factors of influencing the efficacy of stone dissolution by UDCA. As for lumped stones, the independent risk factors included long disease course of gallstone ( OR=0.926, 95% CI 0.877 to 0.978, P=0.006) and stone diameter >5 mm ( OR=0.142, 95% CI 0.043 to 0.470, P=0.001). After 6 months of UDCA treatment, score of biliary abdominal pain decreased from 0 (0 to 6) to 0 (0 to 0) and the score of dyspepsia symptom decreased from 1 (0 to 2) to 0 (0 to 0), and the differences between before treatment and after treatment were statistically significant ( Z=-8.50, and -9.13, both P<0.001). Conclusions:UDCA has a certain efficacy in cholesterol gallstone dissolution and can ease biliary abdominal pain and dyspepsia symptom. Long disease course of gallstone, rough gallbladder wall and stone diameter >5 mm are independent risk factors of poor efficacy in gallstone dissolution by UDCA.