90 years old patients was 13.04%.The longer the hospitalization time the incidence among inpatients longer than 60d was 43.51%,the higher was the hospital infection rate.CONCLUSIONS There are many risk factors inducing hospital infections among elderly,there fore the monitoring must be strengthened,and the disinfection isolation and asepsis must be strictly conducted,with limited invasive manipulations,reasonable use of antibiotics,and active treatment of the primary affection,all above can effectively reduce the occurrence of hospital infection among ellerly patients.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of therapy of dispelling wind,cooling blood and tonifying kidney for refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(RITP).Methods Fifteen RITP patients received therapy of dispelling wind,cooling blood and tonifying kidney.After treatment for 3 courses(18 weeks in total),the changes of platelet count and megakaryocyte maturation were observed.Results Of 15 RITP patiens,8 were clinically cured,4 markedly effective,2 effective,1 ineffective and the total effective rate was 93.3%.After treatment,the platelet count was increased(P

Objective To observe the influence of wind-dispelling therapy on therapeutic effect of blood-cooling and kidney-tonifying herbs for chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(CITP),and to investigate its immunoregulatory effect.Methods Forty-two CITP patients were randomized into 2 groups:the treatment group(N=22) received therapy of dispelling wind,cooling blood and tonifying kidney,and the control group(N=20) received therapy of cooling blood and tonifying kidney.Six weeks constituted one treatment course,and the treatment lasted 3 courses.Serum interleukin 2(IL-2),soluble IL-2 receptor(sIL-2R),Fas protein,Fas-L protein,and platelet-associated immunoglobulin G(PAIgG) levels and lymphocyte subtypes were compared before and after treatment.Results In the treatment group,14 patients were clinically cured,5 markedly effective,2 effective,1 ineffective and the total effective rate was 95.5%;in the control group,8 patients were clinically cured,4 markedly effective,3 effective,5 ineffective and the total effective rate was 75.0%.The therapeutic effect in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group(P

Objective To describe the factors influencing medication compliance of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and provide a reference for health care workers developing effective response plans.Methods In-depth interview was conducted to 10 UC patients and the interview results were analyzed by phenomenology research method.Results There were five factors influence medication compliance of UC patients including drug affect,economic burden,living events,follow-up appointment and stigma.Conclusions The medication compliance of UC patients is mainly related to patients lacking of drugs knowledge,heavy burden on drugs cost and shortage of social support etc.The health education and medication supervision on UC patients should be strengthened and the social health insurance system on UC needed to be improved.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of different dosage of fluvastatin on the prevention of heart muscle ischemia reperfusion injury in rabbits.Method Thirty-five rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups with 7 rabbits in each: sham group,myocardial ischemia reperfusion control group,low dosage of fluvastatin pretreatment group (2 mg/kg,Group F1),middle dosage of fluvastatin pretreatment group(5 mg/kg,Group F2) and large dosage of fluvastatin pretreatment group(20 mg/kg,Group F3).The left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),the max rate of rise of left ventricular pressure(?dp/dt_(-max)) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP) were detected during the experiment.At the end of reperfusion,the infarct size and area at risk were defined by Evans blue and TTC staining,and the levels of myocardial nitrogen monoxidum(NO) and nitricoxide synthase(NOS) were measured.Result Compared with the ischemia reperfusion group,the indexes of heart function improved significantly,the level of myocardial NO was increased significantly and the myocardial infarct size was decreased significantly in the groups F2 and F3.There was no significant difference between the group F1 and ischemia reperfusion group.Conclusion Fluvastatin exerts a cardioprotective effect against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rabbits.NO is likely involved in this protective mechanism.

AIM:To investigate the effect of TSM tablet on rat's atherosclerotic model's endothelial cell and explore the mechanism of it.METHODS:Fifty Wistar rats were randomly assigned into five groups:control group,model group,Simvastatin group,TSM high group,TSM low group.All groups were fed with high fat diet and vitamin D3 except for control group to set up atherosclerosis model.After 12 weeks we detected circle endothelial cell,angiotensinⅡ and electron microscopy morphology of arteries.RESULTS:Level of circulating enthelia cell(CEC) and AngⅡin model rats were significantly higher.TSM can reduce level of the CEC and AngⅡ.Model group rat's artery endothelial cells were severely damaged under electron microscopy;rat's artery endothelial cellsin TSM group were basically intact and its internal elastic membrane was unbroken on it thickness was even,without significant lesion.CONCLUSION:TSM by reducing the number of CEC,the level of AngⅡ used for experimental atherosclerotic endothelial cell in rats has the protective effect.

Aim To develop a simple and rapid method to monitor insulin receptor kinase activity and provide a novel cell-based model for screening anti-diabetes drugs.Methods CHO cells were co-transfected by plasmids which respectively contained insulin receptor gene,STAT5b gene and luciferase gene driven by STAT5 response elements.The expression of exogenous gene in transfected cells was examined by RT-PCR.The transfected cells were treated by insulin,and then the concentration and time-dependent response of luciferase expression to insulin induction was examined.Moreover,the specificity was identified by AG1024 treatment and PTP1B gene transfection.Results Expressions of insulin receptor and STAT5b were detected in the transfected CHO cells.The expression of luciferase in transfected cells was induced by insulin in concentration and time-dependent way.The maximal induction fold was 6.25.Moreover,the inducible expression of luciferase by insulin could be specifically blocked by tyrphostin AG1024,an inhibitor of insulin receptor kinase,or co-transfected PTP1B gene.Conclusions The insulin receptor kinase activity can be detected by expression of reporter gene with high sensitivity and specificity in this cell model,and with potential value in high throughput screening for insulin receptor activators and sensitizers.

Objective To investigate the outcomes of arthroscopic reduction and internal fixation with cannulate lag screw for avulsion fracture of tibial intercondylar anterior eminence.Methods From May 2004 to December 2007,30 cases of tibial intercondylar anterior eminence avulsion fracture were treated by arthroscopic reduction and fixation with cannulated lag screw.Among the patients,there were 10 females and 20 males,ranging from 15 to 79 years old with an average age of 32.0.There were 12 fresh fractures and 18 old fractures.According to Meyers-McKeever-Zaricnyl's classification systems,there were 8 cases of type Ⅱ,15 cases of type Ⅲ,and 7 cases of type Ⅳ.Patients were encouraged to do postoperative rehabilitation,such as active joint extension and flexion,exercise of isometric contraction of quadriceps femoris.The treatment outcomes were evaluated by Lysholm and Irrgang knee score system.Results All patients were followed up for 3 months to 60 months(averaging 31.2 months).X rays revealed bony healing 2 months after operation.The joints were stable.Negative Lachaman and drawer and jerk tests were found in all cases,and there was no dysfunction in the knee joints.Lysholm scores were increased from(60.8?1.5)to(95.5?3.5)while Irrgang scores increased from(55.5?3.3)to(90.5?2.5).Conclusion Arthroscopic treatment of avulsion fracture of tibial intercondylar anterior eminence is an easy approach with minimal invasion,and has reliable reduction and fixation with satisfied results.

Objective To observe the effect of Wuyaojing granules(WYJG) on immunological function of mice.Methods Mice were randomly divided into six groups:the high-dosage WYJG group(6.0g/kg),the midst-dosage WYJG group (2.0g/kg),the low-dosage WYJG group(1.0g/kg),the Lindera aggregate group (0.9g/kg),the korean Ginseng group (2.0g/kg) and the normal control group(H2O).After a period of 30-day treatment,the effects of WYJG on the T lymphocyte transformations capacity induced by ConA,delayed hypersensitivity leaded by DNFB,the number of lymphocyte B,serum level of hemolysin and NK activity were observed. Results The high-dosage and the low-dosage WYJG could significantly increase T lymphocyte transformations capacity induced by ConA(P0.05).Conclusion WYJG can significantly increase T lymphocyte transformations capacity induced by ConA and strengthen delay hypersensitivity leaded by DNFB.

AIM: To investigate the effects of fluvas-tatin on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits with hyper-lipidemia. METHODS: 30 rabbits which were gastric perfusion administered intralipid were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n - 10 in each) : IR ( ischemia-reperfusion) group, S (sham-operation) group and F (fluvastatin 10 mg?kg-1 ) group. Electrocardiography and cardiac function were recorded during the experiment. At the end of reperfusion, ischemic area and infarct size were defined by Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The expression of ICAM-1 in myocardium was measuredby RT-PCR. RESULTS: After ischemia-reperfusion, the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial and infarct size decreased and cardiac function significantly improved in F group compared with IR group. CONCLUSION: The increase of expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial may be one of the important factors in inducing myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The myocardial protective mechanism of fluvastatin maybe attribute to its effect on decreasing the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in myocardial .