Objective To compare the long-term prognosis of patients with stage Ⅰ endometrial cancer (EMC) after laparoscopic surgery or open laparotomy. Methods Totally 83 patients with stage Ⅰ EMC who underwent laparoscopic surgery or open laparotomy between 1993 and 2008 were enrolled in this study. The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively to compare the survival time during long-term follow-up between the two groups. Results The total survival rate was 95.2% (79/83) in the 83 cases. The median survival time was 77,51,and 31 months respectively in stages Ⅰa,Ⅰb,and Ⅰc EMC patients. No significant difference was found in the survival rate between open and laparoscopy groups [94.2% (49/52) vs 96.8% (30/31),Z=0.028,P=0.978]. For the stage Ⅰa,stages Ⅰb and Ⅰc,and G2 and G3 patients,the median survival time was similar between the open and laparoscopy groups (80 month vs 63 months,P=0.483; 49 months vs 48 months,P=0.781; and 51 months vs 49 months,P=0.635). However,in the G1 patients,significantly difference was detected in the median survival time between the two groups (77 vs 51 months,P=0.037). Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery should be used as a routine surgical approach for patients with stage Ⅰ EMC considering its minimal invasiveness and promising prognosis.

Objective To investigate the role and possible mechanism of caveolin-1 (CAV1) in the forming of cholesterol gallstone in mice fed with lithogenic diet.Methods Cholesterol gallstone susceptible C57BL/6 mice were study objects.The mice of control group (n=6) and experiment group (n=6) were fed with normal diet and lithogenic diet for four weeks respectively.The condition of cholesterol gallstone forming,changes of serum lipid and bile composition were measured,and the expressions of CAV1 and scavenger receptor classB member Ⅰ (SR-BⅠ) at mRNA and protein level in the liver and gallbladder were detected by realtime-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot,respectively.The t test was performed for mean comparsion between the two groups.Results The incidence rate of gallstone in experimental group was 100％ after fed with lithogenic diet for four weeks,the lipid level significantly increased,and the proportion of cholesterol in bile raised and bile salt decreased.Compared with those of control group,the expressions of CAV1 at mRNA and protein level in the liver and gallbladder tissues siginificantly decreased (in liver tissue,mRNA 0.53 ± 0.13 vs 1.00 ± 0.32,t =3.330,protein level 0.39 ± 0.07vs 0.92±0.06,t=10.280; in gallbladder tissue,mRNA 0.40±0.22 vs 1.00±0.22,t=3.823,protein level 1.04±0.07 vs 1.34 ± 0.04,t =6.367,all P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the relative expression of SR-BⅠ at mRNA and protein level in the liver and gallbladder tissues between the mice of experiment group and control group.Conclusion The changes of CAV 1 expression at mRNA and protein level in liver and gallbladder tissues may affect lipids metabolism and cholesterol transportation in liver and gallbladder tissues of experiment mice,which might play an important role in the formation of cholesterol gallstone.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between the FCRL5 gene (rs6427384 and rs12036228) single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) and patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods SNP of FCRL5 gene (rs6427384 and rs12036228) was analyzed in 169 patients with AS and 184 healthy controls by ligase detection reaction based on high temperature(LDR)-PCR. The distribution of FCRL5 genotypes and allele frequencies were detected between the two groups. Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. ResultsSignificant differences were found in the distribution of allele frequencies of FCRL5 gene between AS patients and health controls(P＜0.05). The C allele frequencies of FCRL5 gene at positions of rs6427384 and rs12036228 were 17.3％, 92.3％ and 25.0％, 87.2％ respectively in the AS group and the control group. And the T allele frequencies of rs6427384 and rs12036228 were 82.7％, 7.7％ and 75.0％, 12.8％ in the AS group and the control group. The percentages of CC, CT and TT genotype(rs6427384) were 3.7％, 27.2％, and 69.1％ in the AS group, which were significantly different from those of the control group(3.9％, 42.2％ and 53.9％ ) (x2=8.7637, P=0.0125 ). Staging of sacroiliitis in X ray were significantly different during AS patients whose genotype represented as CC, CT and TT (rs6427384)(x2=34.159, P=0.0001 ). Incidences of the initial symptoms (low back pain or inflammation of periphery joint)in the AS group were obviously differed among patients with different genotypes (rs6427384) (x2=7.254, P=0.027), so did the mean duration of morning stiffness (F=4.159, P=0.018) and the average scores of BASDAI (F=4.461, P=0.014). Incidences of the initial symptoms in the AS group were also conspicuously different between the AS patients with different genotypes (rs 12036228 ) (x2=6.640, P=0.036 ). ConclusionOur study suggests that the SNP(rs6427384 and rs12036228) of FCRL5 may be a susceptibility factor for AS in Anhui Han population and the genotype may influence the clinical phenotype of AS.

In recent years , the emergence and progress of cancer genomics and targeted therapies have remarkably expanded the application fields of protein-protein interaction in cancer research .Fluorescence resonance energy transfer ( FRET ) is a kind of nonradiation energy transfer technique , which can timing , quantitative , positioning , and dynamically monitor the interaction between protein and protein in living cells .With the discovery of novel fluorescent proteins and the development of FRET -based biosensors , FRET has became an important method for visualizing spatial and temporal dynamics of interactions among biological macromolecules in native environments .This review summarises the recent studies and technological advances that have enhanced the use of FRET tech -nology in cancer basic research , early diagnosis , prognosis evaluation , drug development and other areas .

Objective To explore the repair effect of methylcobalamin treatment of nerve after spinal cord injury.Methods 108 cases of patients with acute spinal cord injury were selected treated in our hospital from 2010 April to 2014 April , including 60 cases of male, female 48 cases, were randomly divided into Mecobalamin group(n=56) and control group(n=52), mecobalamin group was treat with a cobalt amine, control group was given conventional treatment (dexamethasone intravenous drip note).According to American spinal cord injury score (ASIA) to set sensory function, motor function and spinal cord function score criteria, observed and record ed the sensory function, motor function, recovery of neurological function and complications the two groups of patients were treated for 6 weeks and followed up for 6 months.Results Spinal cord injury patients after 6 weeks and 6 months follow-up, the improvement of sensory and motor function of mecobalamin group were significantly better than the control group ( P <0.01 );Mecobalamin group patients after first to 3 weeks of recovery of neurological function was higher than those of the control group (P<0.05);the 2 groups were found urinary tract infections, lung infections, vomiting, reaction of ulcer complications, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05).Conclusion In patients with acute spinal cord injury treated by mecobalamin treatment can improve the nerve function damage condition, improve the prognosis and quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on perioperative cellular immune function in elderly patients undergoing radical operation for gastrointestinal cancer.Methods Forty ASA physical status Ⅰ-ll patients,aged 65-82 yr,weighing 43-80 kg,undergoing elective radical operation for gastrointestinal cancer,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).Anesthesia was induced with sufentanil,propofol and rocuronium and maintained with inhalation of sevoflurane,infusion of propofol and intermittent iv boluses of sufentanil and rocuronium.A loading dose of dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was infused intravenously over 10 min starting from 30 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by infusion at 0.3 μg· kg-t· h-1 until the end of operation in group D.The equal volume of normal saline was given in C group.Venous blood samples were obtained at 30 min before induction,and 1,24 and 72 h after operation for determination of plasma concentrations of interferon (IFN)-γ,interleukin (IL)-2,IL-10 and IL-4 by ELISA.Results Compared with group C,the plasma concentrations of IFN-γand IL-2 were significantly increased,and the plasma concentration of IL-10 was decreased at each time point after operation (P ＜ 0.05),while no significant change was found in the plasma concentration of IL-4 at each time point after operation in group D (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can improve the perioperative cellular immune function in elderly patients undergoing radical operation for gastrointestinal cancer.

Anthrax is a fulminating infectious disease .Bacillus anthracis, as the pathogen of anthrax , is a potential ma-terial for biological warfare agents and biological terrors .Immunoprophylaxis and specific theraphies play key roles in cop-ing with anthrax threats.Researches on the mechanism of B.anthracis infection, especially the process of infection , can fa-cilitate the development of novel drugs for anthrax prevention and therapy .Herein, by reviewing research progress , the in-fection process of B.anthracis is introduced and the potential mechanism of anthrax infection is described .Furthermore, the relationship between researches on anthrax infection mechanisms and the development of drugs for anthrax prevention and therapy is also discussed .

BACKGROUND:Platelet-rich plasma has benefit in diabetic wound healing;however, the effect of al ogeneic platelet-rich plasma is stil unclear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of al ogeneic platelet-rich plasma on col agen synthesis during diabetic wound healing. METHODS:Streptozocin-induced diabetic rats were randomly divided into al ogeneic platelet-rich plasma group and saline control group. Each group had 15 rats. A 1 cm2 ful-thickness skin defect on the rat dorsum was excised. Platelet-rich plasma or saline was applied. Platelet-rich plasma was prepared from the whole blood of al ogeneic healthy rats. Animals of each group were sacrificed on 3, 7, 14 days post operation. The differences of the wound closure rate, morphological character, hydroxyproline content and the relative mRNA expression of the col agen were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The wound closure rates were lower in control group on day 3, 7, 14 post operation (P<0.05). Masson staining showed a decreased, disorder, loose col agen fibers distribution in diabetic control wound tissue. The results of the hydroxyproline test showed hydroxyproline content was significantly higher in platelet-rich plasma group at each time point (P<0.01). The relative mRNA expression of type I and III col agen presented a higher expression in platelet-rich plasma treated wound tissue at each time point (P<0.05). And the ratio between type I and III col agen was higher in platelet-rich plasma group at each time point (P<0.05). In summary, al ogeneic platelet-rich plasma can promote diabetic wounds healing, which may attribute to an enhanced col agen synthesis.

BACKGROUND:To optimize the oral implant design in the abutment angle has an important effect on bone resorption, and meanwhile, the high bite force from patients is also crucial to rebuild bone absorption.
OBJECTIVE:To optimize the model design of the maxilary anterior teeth using Ansys Workbench 13.0 software and to investigate the stress size on the cortical and cancelous bone from different angled abutments and different loads of the central incisor.
METHODS:A three-dimensional finite element model of the V-shaped cylindrical threaded implants in the maxilary bone. Abutment angle was set as 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, and the load stress was set as 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195, 210 N. Occlusion of the central incisor was simulated on the implants, and then, buccolingual mechanical loads were loaded on the center of prostheses to observe the effects of different abutment angles and loads on the Von Mises peak stress of the maxila and mandible.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the influence of a single factor, when the abutment angles acted as variables, the Von Mises peak stress of the cortical and cancelous bone was respectively increased by 60.60% and 69.30% under labial or palatal loads; when the loading stress acted as variables, the Von Mises peak stress of the cortical and cancelous bone was increased by 68.74% and 69.30% under buccolingual loads. When the loading stress was less than 150 N and the abutment angle was less than 25°, the slop of tangent for the mandible Von Mises stress response curve was-1 to 0. It seems from the mechanical analysis that the stress of cancelous bone is more susceptible to abutment angle and load stress; the optimal abutment of screwed implant should be designed to an angle less than 25° and an bite force less than 150 N.

The goal of medical education is to train good doctors.Only by understanding the trend of medical education development,call medical schools effectively promote educational reform and improve the quality of medical education.In this paper,we analyze the trend of course plans,teaching content,teaching strategies and the evaluation mode of the domestic and international medical education reform and development,introduce the ideas and practices in reform of management system,training pattern,course plans and assessment methods based on the education platform of"mutual promotion of teaching and research,mutual integration of medicine and humanities and simultaneous improvement of knowledge and ability"in Chongqing Medical University.